ʻO ka waiho ʻia ʻana o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi e uhi i kahi papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma luna o ka mea substrate nui o ka semiconductor. Hiki ke hana i kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni i nā mea like ʻole, e like me ka insulating compound silicon dioxide, semiconductor polysilicon, metala keleawe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
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