Mumakore achangopfuura, nyika dzepasi rose dziri kusimudzira kusimukira kweindasitiri yesimba rehydrogen nekukurumidza kusati kwamboitika. Sekureva kwemushumo wakabudiswa pamwe chete neInternational Hydrogen Energy Commission neMcKinsey, nyika dzinopfuura makumi matatu nematunhu dzakaburitsa gwara rekuvandudza simba rehydrogen, uye mari yepasi rose mumapurojekiti emagetsi ehydrogen ichasvika mabhiriyoni mazana matatu emadhora panosvika 2030.
Simba reHydrogen ndiro simba rinoburitswa nehydrogen mukuchinja kwemuviri nemakemikari. Hydrogen neokisijeni zvinogona kupiswa kugadzira simba rekupisa, uye zvakare inogona kushandurwa kuita magetsi nemafuta emafuta. Hydrogen haina kungova nehupamhi hwezviwanikwa, asi inewo zvakanakira kupisa kwakanaka conduction, yakachena uye isina chepfu, uye yakanyanya kupisa payuniti misa. Kupisa kwehydrogen pahuremu humwe chete kunopeta katatu peturu. Iyo yakakosha mbishi zvinhu zve petrochemical indasitiri uye simba remafuta kune aerospace rocket. Nekudanwa kuri kuwedzera kwekutarisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuwana kusarerekera kabhoni, simba rehydrogen rinotarisirwa kushandura hurongwa hwesimba remunhu.
Simba reHydrogen rinofarirwa kwete chete nekuda kwezero kabhoni kuburitsa mukuburitswa, asi zvakare nekuti hydrogen inogona kushandiswa senge inotakura simba rekutakura kugadzira kushanduka uye kupindira kwesimba rinodzokororwa uye kusimudzira hukuru-hukuru hukuru hwekupedzisira. . Semuenzaniso, tekinoroji ye "electricity to gas" iri kusimudzirwa nehurumende yeGermany ndeyekugadzira hydrogen kuchengetedza magetsi akachena akadai sesimba remhepo uye simba rezuva, risingagone kushandiswa nekufamba kwenguva, uye kutakura hydrogen rwendo rurefu kuti uwedzere kushanda. kushandiswa. Pamusoro peiyo gaseous state, haidrojeni inogona zvakare kutaridzika semvura kana yakasimba hydride, ine akasiyana ekuchengetedza uye ekufambisa modhi. Sesimba risingawanzo "couplant" simba, simba rehydrogen haringogone kuona shanduko inoshanduka pakati pemagetsi nehydrogen, asi zvakare kuvaka "bhiriji" kuti rione kubatana kwemagetsi, kupisa, kutonhora uye kunyangwe kusimba, gasi nemafuta emvura, kuvaka hurongwa hwesimba hwakachena uye hunoshanda.
Mafomu akasiyana-siyana ehydrogen simba ane akawanda maficha ekushandisa. Pakupera kwa2020, hutori hwepasi rose hwehydrogen fuel cell mota huchawedzera ne38% zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Iko kushandiswa kukuru kwesimba rehydrogen kuri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kumunda wemotokari kuenda kune mamwe minda seyekufambisa, kuvaka uye indasitiri. Kana ikashandiswa kune njanji yekufambisa uye ngarava, simba rehydrogen rinogona kuderedza kutsamira kwechinhambwe uye chekutakura mitoro yakakura pamafuta echinyakare uye gasi mafuta. Semuenzaniso, pakutanga kwegore rapfuura, Toyota yakagadzira uye yakaunza batch yekutanga yehydrogen mafuta maseru masisitimu ezvikepe zvegungwa. Inoshandiswa kuchizvarwa chakagoverwa, simba rehydrogen rinogona kupa simba uye kupisa kwezvivakwa zvekugara uye zvekutengesa. Simba reHydrogen rinogonawo kupa zvakanangana neyakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa, zvinoderedza maajenti uye emhando yepamusoro kupisa masosi epetrochemical, iron nesimbi, metallurgy uye mamwe maindasitiri emakemikari, zvinobudirira kuderedza kabhoni emissions.
Nekudaro, serudzi rwechipiri simba, hydrogen simba haisi nyore kuwana. Hydrogen inonyanya kuwanikwa mumvura uye fossil mafuta muchimiro chemisanganiswa pasi pano. Mazhinji eiyo iripo hydrogen kugadzira matekinoroji anovimba nefossil simba uye haakwanise kudzivirira kabhoni emissions. Parizvino, tekinoroji yekugadzirwa kwehydrogen kubva kusimba rinodzokororwa iri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye zero kabhoni emission hydrogen inogona kugadzirwa kubva kune renewable simba rekugadzira uye mvura electrolysis. Masayendisiti ari kuongorora zvakare hunyanzvi hwekugadzira haidrojeni, senge solar photolysis yemvura kugadzira hydrogen uye biomass kugadzira haidrojeni. Iyo nyukireya hydrogen kugadzira tekinoroji yakagadziriswa neInstitute of nuclear energy uye nyowani simba tekinoroji yeTsinghua University inotarisirwa kutanga kuratidzira mumakore gumi. Uye zvakare, iyo hydrogen indasitiri ketani inosanganisirawo kuchengetedza, kufambisa, kuzadza, kushandisa uye mamwe malink, ayo akatarisanawo nematambudziko ehunyanzvi uye zvipingaidzo zvemutengo. Kutora kuchengetedza uye zvekufambisa semuenzaniso, hydrogen yakaderera density uye iri nyore kudonha pasi peyakajairika tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa. Kubatana kwenguva refu nesimbi kunokonzeresa "hydrogen embrittlement" uye kukuvadza kune yekupedzisira. Kuchengeta uye kutakura zvakanyanya kuoma kupfuura marasha, mafuta uye gasi rechisikigo.
Parizvino, nyika zhinji dzakapoteredza mativi ese etsvagiridzo yehydrogen itsva iri kutekeshera, matambudziko ehunyanzvi mukukwira kukunda. Nekuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kwechiyero chekugadzirwa kwesimba rehydrogen uye kuchengetedza uye zvekufambisa zvivakwa, mutengo wesimba rehydrogen zvakare une nzvimbo yakakura yekudzikira. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti mutengo wese wehydrogen energy industry chain inotarisirwa kudonha nehafu ne2030. Tinotarisira kuti iyo hydrogen society ichakurumidza.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-30-2021