China inyika ine nharaunda yakakura, yepamusoro-soro-inogadzira geological mamiriro, yakakwana zvicherwa zviwanikwa uye zviwanikwa zvakawanda. Ihombe yemamineral resources ine zviwanikwa zvayo.
Kubva pamaonero ekuita zvicherwa, nzvimbo nhatu dzepasi rose dzesimbi dzakapinda muChina, saka zvicherwa zvakawandisa, uye zvicherwa zvakazara. China yakawana 171 mhando dzezvicherwa, idzo 156 dzakaratidza kuchengetedza, uye kukosha kwayo kunotora chikamu chechitatu pasi rose.
Zvinoenderana neakachengeterwa matura, kune makumi mana neshanu marudzi emaminerari makuru muChina. Zvimwe zvezvicherwa zvakachengetwa zvakati wandei, senge isingawanzo simbi dzepasi, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, sarufa, magnesite, boron, marasha, nezvimwe, zvese zvakamira pamberi penyika. Pakati pawo, marudzi mashanu emamineral reserves ndiwo ekutanga pasi rose. Ngatitarisei kuti ndeapi marudzi emaminerari.
1. Tungsten ore
China ndiyo nyika ine zviwanikwa zve tungsten zvakapfuma pasi rose. Kune mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ane maviri ane 252 ezvicherwa deposits akagoverwa mumatunhu makumi maviri nematatu (matunhu). Pamapurovhinzi (matunhu), Hunan (kunyanya scheelite) neJiangxi (black-tungsten ore) ndiwo makuru, ane matura anoverengera 33.8% ne20.7% yenzvimbo dzese dzakachengetwa zvakateerana; Henan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, etc. Dunhu (dunhu) ndiro rechipiri.
Nzvimbo huru dzemigodhi yetungsten dzinosanganisira Hunan Shizhuyuan Tungsten Mine, Jiangxi Xihua Mountain, Daji Mountain, Pangu Mountain, Guimei Mountain, Guangdong Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Fujian Luoluokeng Tungsten Mine, Gansu Ta'ergou Tungsten Mine, uye Henan Sandaozhuang Mine Aluminum paTungsten so. .
Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, China ndiyo ine mukurumbira pasi rose "Tungsten Capital". Kune anopfuura 400 tungsten migodhi yakatenderedza. Mushure meHondo yeOpium, maGermany akatanga kuwana tungsten ikoko. Panguva iyoyo, vaingotenga pachivande kodzero dzemigodhi ye500 yuan. Mushure mekuwanikwa kwevanhu vanofarira nyika, vakasimuka kuti vadzivirire migodhi nemigodhi. Pashure penhaurirano dzakawanda, pakupedzisira ndakawanazve kodzero dzokuchera pa1,000 yuan muna 1908 uye ndakaunganidza mari yokuchera migodhi. Iyi ndiyo yekutanga tungsten mine indasitiri yekuvandudza muWeinan.
Core uye muenzaniso weDangping tungsten dhipoziti, Dayu County, Jiangxi Province
Chechipiri, antimony ore
锑 isirivha-grey simbi ine corrosion resistance. Basa guru re niobium mune alloys kuwedzera kuoma, kazhinji kunonzi kuomesa simbi kana alloys.
China ndiyo imwe yenyika dzepasi rose dzakawana nekushandisa antimony ore kare. Mumabhuku ekare akadai se "Hanshu Chikafu uye Chikafu" uye "Historical Records", kune zvinyorwa zvekupokana. Panguva iyoyo, havana kunzi 锑, asi vainzi "Lianxi." Mushure mekuvambwa kweNew China, kuongorora kwakakura kweiyo geological uye kuvandudzwa kweYankuang Mine kwakaitwa, uye kunyungudutswa kwakashata kwesarufa sulphide concentrate blast furnace kwakagadzirwa. China's antimony ore reserves uye kugadzirwa kwekutanga munyika, uye nhamba huru yekutengeswa kunze kwenyika, kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-kuchena simbi bismuth (kusanganisira 99.999%) uye yepamusoro-soro chena, inomiririra nyika yepamusoro yekugadzirwa.
China ndiyo nyika ine matura makuru ezviwanikwa zveplutonium pasi rose, inoverengera 52% yehuwandu hwepasi rose. Kune 171 inozivikanwa yeYankuang migodhi, yakanyanya kugoverwa muHunan, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou neGansu. Matura emapurovhinzi matanhatu anosvika 87.2% yezviwanikwa zvese zvakaonekwa. Dunhu rine matura makuru e 锑 zviwanikwa iHunan. Guta remvura inotonhora repurovhinzi ndiro mugodhi mukuru wepasi rose weantimony, unotora chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvinobuda pagore munyika.
Ichi chitubu cheUnited States chinoenderana zvakanyanya nezvinotengwa neChina uye chakakosha kudarika mavhu asingawanzo. Zvinonzi 60% yeYankuang inotengwa kubva kuUnited States inobva kuChina. Sezvo chimiro cheChina munyika dzepasirese chiri kuramba chichikwira nepamusoro, zvishoma nezvishoma tave nekodzero yekutaura. Muna 2002, China yakaronga kutora quota system yekutumira Yankuang kunze, uye kubata zvakasimba zviwanikwa mumaoko ayo. Mu, kukudziridza kutsvagisa nekusimudzira nyika yavo.
Chechitatu, bentonite
Bentonite inokosha isiri-metallic mineral resource, inonyanya kuumbwa ne montmorillonite ine layered structure. Nokuti bentonite ine mutsara wezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvakadai sekuputika, adsorption, kumiswa, dispersibility, ion exchange, kugadzikana, thixotropy, nezvimwewo, ine zvinopfuura 1000 inoshandiswa, saka ine zita re "universal ivhu"; inogona kugadziriswa kuva Adhesives, suspending agents, thixotropic agents, catalysts, clarifiers, adsorbents, makemikari anotakura, nezvimwewo zvinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye dzinozivikanwa se "universal materials".
China's bentonite zviwanikwa zvakapfuma kwazvo, ine inofungidzirwa sosi inopfuura 7 bhiriyoni matani. Inowanikwa mune zvakawanda zve calcium-based bentonites uye sodium-based bentonites, pamwe nehydrogen-based, aluminium-based, soda-calcium-based uye unclassified bentonites. Izvo zvakachengetwa zve sodium bentonite ndeye 586.334 mamiriyoni emamiriyoni, anoverengera 24% yehuwandu hwekuchengetedza; iyo inotarisirwa kuchengetedza ye sodium bentonite ndeye 351.586 mamiriyoni ematani; mhando dzealuminium uye hydrogen kunze kwe calcium uye sodium bentonite account inenge 42%.
Chechina, titanium
Panyaya yezviwanikwa, maererano nefungidziro, zviwanikwa zvepasi rose zveilmenite uye rutile zvinopfuura matani mabhiriyoni maviri, uye nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa muhupfumi i770 miriyoni matani. Pakati penzvimbo dzakajeka dzepasirese dzetitanium zviwanikwa, ilmenite account ye94%, uye imwe yese ndeye rutile. China ndiyo nyika ine matura makuru eIlmenite, ane matura emamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi maviri ematani, anoverengera 28.6% yepasi rose. Australia, India neSouth Africa dziri pachinhanho chechipiri kusvika chechina. Panyaya yekugadzirwa, mana epamusoro ekugadzirwa kwetitanium ore muna 2016 aive South Africa, China, Australia neMozambique.
Global titanium ore inochengeterwa kugoverwa muna 2016
China's titanium ore inogoverwa mumatunhu anopfuura gumi uye nzvimbo dzinozvitonga. Iyo titanium ore inonyanya kuve titanium ore, rutile ore uye ilmenite ore muvanadium-titanium magnetite. Titanium muvanadium-titanium magnetite inonyanya kugadzirwa munzvimbo yePanzhihua yeSichuan. Rutile migodhi inogadzirwa zvakanyanya muHubei, Henan, Shanxi nemamwe mapurovhinzi. Ilmenite ore inonyanya kugadzirwa muHainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi nemamwe matunhu (matunhu). Iyo TiO2 inochengeterwa ilmenite inosvika mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu nenomwe emamiriyoni ematani, ari ekutanga pasirese.
shanu, zvicherwa zvepasi zvisingawanzoitiki
China inyika yakakura ine zviwanikwa zvepasi zvisingawanzo. Haisi kupfuma chete mumatura, asi zvakare ine zvakanakira zvicherwa zvakakwana uye zvisingawanzo pasi zvinhu, giredhi repamusoro repasi risingawanzo uye kugovaniswa kwakanaka kwemaore point, kuisa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuvandudza kweChina isingawanzo indasitiri yepasi.
Zvicherwa zvepanyika zvekuChina zvinosanganisira: Baiyun Ebo chimbambaira chepasi chisingawanzoitiki, Shandong Weishan chimbambaira chepasi chisingawanzoitiki, Suining chimbambaira chepasi chisingawanzoitiki, Jiangxi weathering shell leaching type isingawanzoitiki pasi pemugodhi wepasi, Hunan brown trout mine uye mugodhi wejecha remahombekombe pamhenderekedzo refu.
Iyo Baiyun Obo isingawanzo pasi ore inopindirana nesimbi. Iyo mikuru isingawanzo pasi zvicherwa ndeye fluorocarbon antimony ore uye monazite. Reshiyo i3: 1, iyo yasvika pagiredhi isingawanzo kudzoreredza pasi. Nokudaro, inonzi ore yakasanganiswa. Iyo yakazara pasire rare Earth REO inosvika 35 miriyoni matani, inoverengera inosvika 35 miriyoni matani. 38% yenzvimbo dzakachengetwa pasi rose ndiyo migodhi mikuru pasi rose isingawanzoitiki.
Iyo Weishan isingawanzo pasi ore uye iyo Suining isingawanzo matombo epasi anonyanya kuumbwa nebastnasite ore, inoperekedzwa nebarite, nezvimwewo, uye zviri nyore kusarudza zvisingawanzo matombo epasi.
Jiangxi weathering crust leaching rare earth ore rudzi rutsva rwerare earth mineral. Kunyunguduka kwayo nekunyungudika kuri nyore, uye ine mavhu ari pakati nepakati uye anorema. Imhando yepasi isingawanzo matombo ane makwikwi emusika.
Majecha emumhenderekedzo yegungwa eChina akapfuma zvikuru. Mhenderekedzo yegungwa yeSouth China Sea uye mhenderekedzo yegungwa yeHainan Island neTaiwan Island inogona kunzi gungwa regoridhe remahombekombe ejecha deposits. Kune yemazuva ano sedimentary jecha dhipoziti uye yekare migodhi yejecha, iyo monazite uye xenotime inorapwa. Jecha remugungwa rinodzoserwa sechigadzirwa kana rapora ilmenite uye zircon.
Kunyangwe zvicherwa zveChina zvakapfuma kwazvo, asi vanhu vane 58% yepasirese pamunhu, vari pachinzvimbo chemakumi mashanu nenhatu pasi rose. Uye hunhu hweChina hwekupa zviwanikwa hurombo uye hwakaoma kune wangu, zvakaoma kusarudza, zvakaoma kumugodhi. Mazhinji emadhipoziti ane akapupurirwa matura e bauxite uye mamwe mahombe zvicherwa ane urombo ore. Pamusoro pezvo, zvicherwa zvepamusoro zvakaita se tungsten ore zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya, uye mazhinji acho anoshandiswa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika, zvichikonzera mitengo yakaderera yezvigadzirwa zvemamineral uye kutambisa zviwanikwa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere kuwedzera kuedza kugadzirisa, kuchengetedza zviwanikwa, kuve nechokwadi chebudiriro, uye kumisa izwi repasi rose muzviwanikwa zvicherwa. Kunobva: Mining Exchange
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-11-2019