"Mota yemafuta yakashata papi, nei tichifanira kugadzira mota dzemagetsi matsva?" Uyu unofanira kunge uri mubvunzo wekutanga vanhu vazhinji vanofunga nezve "mhepo nzira" yeindasitiri yemotokari. Pasi perutsigiro rwemashoko makuru ekuti "kuderera kwesimba", "kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kuburitsa" uye "kugadzira kubata", kudiwa kweChina kugadzira matsime emagetsi matsva hakusati kwaonekwa uye kucherechedzwa nenzanga.
Hongu, mushure memakumi emakore ekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi mumotokari dzemoto dzemoto, ikozvino yakura yekugadzira sisitimu, kutsigirwa kwemusika uye zvakachipa uye zvemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zvinoita kuti zviome kunzwisisa kuti nei indasitiri ichifanira kusiya iyi "nzira yakati sandara" ichitendeukira kubudiriro. . Simba idzva "inzira yematope" iyo isati iine ngozi. Sei tichifanira kugadzira indasitiri itsva yemagetsi? Uyu mubvunzo wakapfava uye wakananga ndiko kusanzwisisa uye kusazivikanwa kwedu tose.
Makore manomwe apfuura, mu "China Energy Policy 2012 White Paper", chirongwa chenyika "chichasimbisa zvakasimba simba idzva uye simba rinodzorerwa" richajekeswa. Kubva ipapo, indasitiri yemotokari yeChina yakachinja nekukurumidza, uye yakakurumidza kuchinja kubva kumotokari yemafuta zano kuenda kune nyowani simba zano. Mushure meizvi, marudzi akasiyana-siyana emagetsi matsva akabatanidzwa ne "rubatsiro" akakurumidza kupinda mumusika, uye izwi rekusahadzika rakatanga kukomberedza simba idzva. industry.
Izwi rekubvunza rakabva kumakona akasiyana, uye musoro wacho wakanangawo kumusoro nekudzika kweindasitiri. Chii chiri chimiro pazvino chesimba rechinyakare reChina uye simba rinogonekazve? Indasitiri yekugadzira mota yeChina inogona kukotama kupfuura? Nzira yekuita sei nemotokari itsva dzine simba dzakarega basa mune ramangwana, uye kana kusvibiswa kuripo? Kunyanya kusava nechokwadi, kuderera kwekuvimba, kuti ungawana sei mamiriro chaiwo ari shure kwezvinetso izvi, chikamu chekutanga chekoramu chichatarisa mutakuri anokosha akapoteredza indasitiri - bhatiri.
Makolamu haadzivisike "nyaya dzesimba"
Kusiyana nemotokari yemafuta, peturu haidi mutakuri (kana tangi yemafuta isingaverengeki), asi "magetsi" inoda kutakurwa nebhatiri. Saka, kana iwe uchida kudzokera kune chitubu cheindasitiri, ipapo "magetsi" ndiyo danho rekutanga mukuvandudzwa kwesimba idzva. Nyaya yemagetsi yakanangana nenyaya yesimba. Pane mubvunzo wakajeka pari zvino: Kukurudzira nesimba manyosi matsva zvechokwadi nekuti China yakabatana simba rekuchengetedza yave pedyo? Saka tisati tanyatsotaura nezvekuvandudzwa kwemabhatiri uye simba idzva, tinofanira kupindura mibvunzo pamusoro pemubvunzo wezvino weChina we "kushandisa magetsi kana kushandisa mafuta".
Mubvunzo wekutanga: Mamiriro ezvinhu emagetsi echiChinese echinyakare
Kusiyana nechikonzero nei vanhu vakatanga kuedza motokari dzemagetsi dzakachena makore 100 apfuura, shanduko itsva yakakonzerwa nekuchinja kubva ku "mafuta echinyakare" kuenda ku "simba rinodzorerwa". Kune "shanduro" dzakasiyana pakududzirwa kwesimba reChina paInternet, asi zvakawanda zve data zvinoratidza kuti matura emagetsi echiChina haagoneke uye anonetsekana sekufambiswa kwemambure, uye matura emafuta ane hukama zvakanyanya nemotokari zvakare. inokurukurwa neruzhinji. Imwe yemisoro yakawanda.
Zvinoenderana nedhata muChina Energy Report 2018, kunyangwe kugadzirwa kwemafuta epamba kuri kudzikira, China yanga iri munzvimbo yakagadzikana maererano nekutengeserana kwemagetsi ekunze nekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemafuta. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti iko zvino kuvandudzwa kwesimba idzva hakuna hukama zvakananga ne "mafuta anochengeterwa."
Asi zvisina kunanga zvakabatana? Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekutengeserana kwesimba kwakagadzikana, kutsamira kwesimba reChina kuchiri kwakakwira. Pakati pesimba rose rinotengwa kunze kwenyika, mafuta asina kuchena anoita 66% uye marasha anoverengera 18%. Zvichienzaniswa ne2017, mafuta asina kuchena anotengeswa kunze kwenyika anoramba achikura nekukurumidza. Muna 2018, mafuta ekuChina akatengeswa kunze kwenyika akasvika 460 miriyoni matani, gore negore kuwedzera kwegumi%. Kutsamira kwemafuta asina kuchena kunyika dzekunze kwakasvika pa71%, zvichireva kuti zvinodarika zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvemafuta asina kukora eChina zvinoenderana nekutenga kunze kwenyika.
Mushure mekuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri emagetsi matsva, kushandiswa kwemafuta eChina kuri kuramba kuchidzikira, asi zvichienzaniswa ne2017, kushandiswa kwemafuta eChina kuchiri kukwira ne3.4%. Panyaya yekugadzirwa kwemafuta asina kuchena, kwakave nekudzikira kukuru muna 2016-2018 zvichienzaniswa ne2015, uye shanduko yenzira yakawedzera kutsamira pakutengesa mafuta kunze kwenyika.
Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aripo eChinese echinyakare simba rekuchengetedza "passive kutsamira", zvinotarisirwawo kuti kuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yesimba idzva kuchashandurawo mashandisirwo emagetsi. Muna 2018, kushandiswa kwesimba rakachena senge gasi rechisikigo, simba remvura, simba renyukireya uye simba remhepo rakaita 22.1% yesimba rose rekushandisa, iro rave richiwedzera kwemakore mazhinji.
Mushanduko yekuchenesa simba mune zvechinyakare simba masosi, iyo yakaderera-kabhoni, isina kabhoni-isina chinangwa parizvino inowirirana, sezvakangoita eEuropean neAmerica mabhureki emotokari ave kujekesa "nguva yekumira kutengesa mota dzemafuta". Nekudaro, nyika dzinotsamira kwakasiyana pamanyuko emagetsi echinyakare, uye "kushaikwa kwemafuta emafuta asina kukora" kweChina nderimwe rematambudziko mushanduko yekuchenesa simba. Zhu Xi, mutungamiriri weEnergy Economics weChinese Academy of Social Sciences, akati: “Nemhaka yenguva dzakasiyana dzenyika, China ichiri munguva yemarasha, nyika yapinda munguva yemafuta negasi, uye nzira yekufamba. kune renewable simba hurongwa mune ramangwana zvechokwadi zvakasiyana. China inogona kuyambuka mafuta uye gasi. Nguva." Kunobva: Car House
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-04-2019