Batiri ya lithium ni ubwoko bwa bateri ikoresheje icyuma cya lithium cyangwa lithium ivanze nkibikoresho bya electrode mbi hamwe nigisubizo cya electrolyte. Batteri ya Litiyumu ikoreshwa cyane cyane mubicuruzwa bya digitale murwego gakondo, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye na bateri yingufu no kubika ingufu mumirima igaragara.
Ubushinwa bufite umutungo wa lithium nyinshi hamwe n’inganda zuzuye za batiri ya lithium, ndetse n’ishingiro rinini ry’impano, bituma Ubushinwa bugira akarere gashimishije cyane mu iterambere rya batiri ya lithium n’ibikoresho, kandi kikaba Lithium nini ku isi. Ibikoresho bya batiri hamwe nibikorwa bya batiri. Inzira yo hejuru yinganda za batiri ya lithium irimo cobalt, manganese, ubutare bwa nikel, ubutare bwa lithium, na grafite. Mu ruganda rukora inganda za lithium, igice cyibanze cya batiri ni intangiriro ya batiri. Nyuma ya bateri ya batiri imaze gupakirwa, ibyuma byo gukoresha hamwe na firime ya PVC byahujwe kugirango bigire module ya batiri, hanyuma umuhuza wicyuma cyuma hamwe ninama yumuzunguruko wa BMS byongeweho kugirango bikore ibicuruzwa bya batiri.
Isesengura ryibanze ryurwego rwinganda
Hejuru ya batiri ya lithium ni ubucukuzi no gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo, cyane cyane umutungo wa lithium, umutungo wa cobalt na grafite. Ibikoresho bitatu bibisi bikoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi: lithium karubone, cobalt na grafite. Byumvikane ko umutungo wa lithium ku isi ukize cyane, kandi kuri ubu 60% byumutungo wa lithium ntabwo wigeze ushakishwa no gutezwa imbere, ariko ikwirakwizwa ry’ibirombe bya lithium usanga ryibanze cyane, rikwirakwizwa cyane mu karere ka “lithium triangle” yo muri Amerika yepfo. , Ositaraliya n'Ubushinwa.
Kugeza ubu, ububiko bw’isi yose bugera kuri toni miliyoni 7, kandi ikwirakwizwa ryibanze. Ibigega bya Kongo (DRC), Ositaraliya na Cuba bingana na 70% by’ubukungu bw’isi, cyane cyane ububiko bwa Kongo bungana na toni miliyoni 3.4, bingana na 50% by’isi. .
Hagati yo gusesengura inganda za batiri ya lithium
Hagati yumurongo wa batiri ya lithium urimo cyane cyane ibikoresho byiza kandi bibi, kimwe na electrolytite, tabs, diaphragms na bateri.
Muri byo, bateri ya lithium electrolyte ni umutwara wo gutwara ioni ya litiro muri bateri ya lithium, kandi igira uruhare runini mu mikorere n'umutekano bya batiri ya lithium. Ihame ryakazi rya batiri ya lithium-ion nayo ni inzira yo kwishyuza no gusohora, ni ukuvuga ko ion ya lithium ihinduranya hagati ya electrode nziza kandi mbi, kandi electrolyte nuburyo bwo gutembera kwa lithium. Igikorwa nyamukuru cya diaphragm ni ugutandukanya electrode nziza kandi mbi ya bateri, ikabuza inkingi zombi guhura nu muyoboro mugufi, kandi ikagira n'umurimo wo kunyuza ioni electrolyte.
Isesengura ryibanze rya lithium ya batiri yinganda
Muri 2018, umusaruro w’isoko rya batiri ya lithium-ion mu Bushinwa wiyongereyeho 26,71% umwaka ushize ugera kuri 102.00GWh. Umusaruro w’Ubushinwa ku isi wagize 54.03%, kandi wabaye uruganda runini rwa lithium-ion ku isi. Ibigo bihagarariye batiri ya Litiyumu ni: Igihe cya Ningde, BYD, Waterma, Guoxuan Hi-Tech nibindi.
Kuva kumasoko yamashanyarazi ya batiri ya lithium-ion mubushinwa, bateri yumuriro mumwaka wa 2018 yatewe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda nshya zimodoka. Umusaruro wiyongereyeho 46.07% umwaka-ku mwaka ugera kuri 65GWh, wabaye igice kinini; isoko rya batiri ya 3C ya digitale muri 2018 Iterambere ryarahagaze, kandi umusaruro wagabanutseho 2,15% umwaka ushize ugereranije na 31.8GWh, kandi umuvuduko wubwiyongere wagabanutse. Nyamara, umurongo wohejuru wa digitale ya digitale ihagarariwe na bateri zoroshye, bateri zo mu rwego rwo hejuru za digitale hamwe nudupapuro tworoshye twa digitale yoroheje ikoreshwa nibikoresho byambarwa, drone, hamwe nubwenge buhanitse. Iyobowe nibice byisoko nka terefone zigendanwa, byahindutse igice kinini cyo gukura kwisoko rya batiri ya 3C; muri 2018, Ubushinwa bubika ingufu za lithium-ion bwiyongereyeho gato 48.57% bugera kuri 5.2GWh.
Amashanyarazi
Mu myaka yashize, amashanyarazi ya lithium-ion y’Ubushinwa yateye imbere byihuse, bitewe ahanini n’inkunga ikomeye ya politiki y’igihugu ku nganda nshya z’imodoka. Muri 2018, umusaruro w’imodoka nshya z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa wiyongereyeho 50,62% umwaka ushize ugera kuri miliyoni 1.22, naho umusaruro wikubye inshuro 14,66 ugereranije n’umwaka wa 2014. Bitewe n’iterambere ry’isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, isoko ry’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa ryakomeje kwihuta kuzamuka muri 2017-2018. Nk’uko imibare y’ubushakashatsi ibigaragaza, umusaruro w’isoko ry’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa mu 2018 wiyongereyeho 46.07% umwaka ushize ugera kuri 65GWh.
Hamwe n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imikorere mishya y’ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu, amasosiyete gakondo y’ibinyabiziga bya peteroli azongera imiterere y’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, naho amasosiyete y’amahanga nka Volkswagen na Daimler azafatanya kubaka imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu Bushinwa. Ibisabwa ku isoko ry’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa bizakomeza Gukomeza kwiyongera mu buryo bwihuse, biteganijwe ko CAGR y’umusaruro w’amashanyarazi izagera kuri 56.32% mu myaka ibiri iri imbere, kandi ingufu za batiri zikoresha amashanyarazi zizarenga 158.8GWh muri 2020.
Isoko rya batiri ya lithium-ion mu Bushinwa ryakomeje kwiyongera cyane, bitewe ahanini n’iterambere ryihuse ry’isoko ry’amashanyarazi. Muri 2018, ibigo bitanu byambere ku isoko rya batiri y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa byagize 71,60% by’agaciro k’ibisohoka, kandi isoko ryarushijeho kunozwa.
Amashanyarazi azaza ni moteri nini yo gukura murwego rwa bateri ya lithium-ion. Icyerekezo cyacyo kigana ingufu nyinshi n'umutekano mwinshi byaragaragaye. Batteri z'amashanyarazi hamwe na bateri yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ya lithium-ion izahinduka ingingo nyamukuru yo gukura ku isoko rya batiri ya lithium-ion, na batiri ya lithium muri 6μm. Umuringa wumuringa uzaba kimwe mubikoresho byingenzi bya batiri ya lithium-ion kandi bizahinduka intandaro yinganda zikomeye.
Bateri ya 3C
Muri 2018, Ubushinwa bwa batiri ya digitale yagabanutseho 2,15% umwaka ushize kugera kuri 31.8GWh. GGII iteganya ko bateri ya digitale CAGR izaba 7.87% mumyaka ibiri iri imbere. Biteganijwe ko mu Bushinwa umusaruro wa batiri ya digitale uzagera kuri 34GWh muri 2019.Mu 2020, umusaruro w’ububiko bwa digitale w’Ubushinwa uzagera kuri 37GWh, naho bateri zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zikoresha ibikoresho byoroheje, bateri zoroshye, bateri zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, n’ibindi bizayoborwa na- kurangiza terefone yubwenge, ibikoresho byambarwa, drone, nibindi, bihinduka iterambere nyamukuru ryisoko rya batiri ya digitale. ingingo.
Bateri yo kubika ingufu
Nubwo Ubushinwa bubika ingufu za litiro-ion ya batiri ifite umwanya munini w’isoko, iracyafite imipaka kubera ibiciro n’ikoranabuhanga, kandi iracyari mu gihe cyo kumenyekanisha isoko. Muri 2018, umusaruro wa bateri zibika ingufu za Lithium-ion mu Bushinwa wiyongereyeho 48.57% umwaka ushize kugera kuri 5.2GWh. Biteganijwe ko umusaruro wa bateri zibika ingufu za Lithium-ion mu Bushinwa uzagera kuri 6.8GWh muri 2019.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-20-2019