Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhompuyutha ye-quantum ekwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga, amakhompiyutha we-classical akwazi ukuzixazulula kuphela ngomzamo omkhulu noma cha nhlobo-lena inhloso okwamanje elandelwa inani elikhulayo lamaqembu ocwaningo emhlabeni wonke. Isizathu: Imiphumela ye-Quantum, eqhamuka emhlabeni wezinhlayiya nezakhiwo ezincane kakhulu, inika amandla izinhlelo eziningi zobuchwepheshe ezintsha. Okubizwa ngokuthi ama-superconductors, avumela ukucutshungulwa kolwazi kanye namasignali ngokuvumelana nemithetho ye-quantum mechanics, kubhekwa njengezingxenye ezithembisayo zokuqaphela amakhompyutha we-quantum. Iphuzu elinamathelayo lama-superconducting nanostructures, nokho, ukuthi asebenza kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu ngakho-ke kunzima ukuwenza ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo. googletag.cmd.push(umsebenzi() {googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′); });
Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseMünster kanye neForschungszentrum Jülich manje, ngokokuqala ngqa, babonise lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi amandla quantization kuma-nanowires enziwe ngama-superconductors asezingeni eliphezulu—okungukuthi ama-superconductors, lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngezansi lapho imiphumela yemishini ye-quantum ibusa kakhulu. I-superconducting nanowire bese ithatha izifunda zamandla ezikhethiwe kuphela ezingasetshenziswa ukufaka ikhodi yolwazi. Ku-high-temperature superconductors, abacwaningi bakwazi nokubona okokuqala ukumuncwa kwe-photon eyodwa, inhlayiya yokukhanya ekhonza ukudlulisa ulwazi.
“Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imiphumela yethu ingaba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe bokupholisa obenziwe lula kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-quantum esikhathini esizayo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, isinikeza imininingwane emisha ngokuphelele ngezinqubo ezilawula izifundazwe ezinamandla amakhulu kanye namandla azo, namanje. akuqondakali,” kugcizelela umholi wocwaningo uJun. Prof. Carsten Schuck wase-Institute of Physics eMünster University. Ngakho-ke imiphumela ingase ifaneleke ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha. Ucwaningo lushicilelwe ephephabhukwini le-Nature Communications.
Ososayensi basebenzisa ama-superconductors enziwe ngezinto i-yttrium, i-barium, i-copper oxide ne-oxygen, noma i-YBCO ngamafuphi, lapho benza khona izintambo ezincane ze-nanometer. Uma lezi zakhiwo zenza amandla kagesi amanje abonakalayo abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-phase slips' ayenzeka. Esimeni se-YBCO nanowires, ukushintshashintsha kokuminyana kwenkampani yenethiwekhi kubangela ukuhluka ku-supercurrent. Abacwaningi baphenye izinqubo kuma-nanowires emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-20 Kelvin, okuhambisana nokususa ama-253 degrees Celsius. Ngokuhambisana nezibalo zemodeli, babonise ubuningi bezifunda zamandla kuma-nanowires. Izinga lokushisa izintambo ezangena ngalo esimweni se-quantum latholakala ku-12 kuya ku-13 Kelvin—izinga lokushisa eliphindwe izikhathi ezingamakhulu ambalwa kunezinga lokushisa elidingekayo ezintweni ezivame ukusetshenziswa. Lokhu kwenze ososayensi bakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-resonator, okungukuthi amasistimu e-oscillating ashuthelwe kumaza athile, anesikhathi eside sokuphila kanye nokugcina i-quantum mechanical states isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuyimfuneko yokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi eside kwamakhompiyutha e-quantum amakhulu kakhulu.
Ezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-quantum, kodwa okungenzeka futhi ezokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, yizitholi ezingabhalisa ngisho nama-photon eyodwa. Iqembu locwaningo likaCarsten Schuck eNyuvesi yaseMünster selineminyaka eminingana lisebenza ekwakheni imitshina enjalo enesithombe esisodwa esekelwe kuma-superconductors. Okuvele kusebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ososayensi emhlabeni wonke bebezama ukufeza ngama-superconductors asezingeni eliphezulu iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Ku-YBCO nanowires esetshenziselwa ucwaningo, lo mzamo manje usuphumelele okokuqala ngqa. "Okutholakele kwethu okusha kuvula indlela yezincazelo zetiyori ezintsha ezingaqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe," kusho omunye umbhali u-Martin Wolff ovela eqenjini locwaningo le-Schuck.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-07-2020