Ukulungiselela inqubo ye-carbon fibre composite materials

Uhlolojikelele Lwezinto Ezihlanganisiwe ZeCarbon-Carbon

I-Carbon/carbon (C/C) eyinhlanganisela yezintoiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fiber eqinisiwe enochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengamandla aphezulu kanye ne-modulus, amandla adonsela phansi aqondile, i-coefficient encane yokwandisa ukushisa okushisayo, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, ukumelana okuhle kokungqubuzana, nokuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Iwuhlobo olusha lwezinto ezihlanganisiwe zokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu.

Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/Ciyisakhiwo esihle kakhulu sokushisa-ukusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kobunjiniyela. Njengezinye izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, iyisakhiwo esiyinhlanganisela esakhiwe isigaba esiqiniswe yi-fiber kanye nesigaba esiyisisekelo. Umehluko wukuthi kokubili isigaba esiqinisiwe kanye nesigaba esiyisisekelo sakhiwe ngekhabhoni ehlanzekile enezakhiwo ezikhethekile.

Izinto eziyinhlanganisela yekhabhoni/ikhabhoningokuyinhloko zenziwe nge-carbon feel, i-carbon cloth, carbon fiber njengesiqiniseko, kanye nomhwamuko ofakwe ikhabhoni njenge-matrix, kodwa ine-elementi eyodwa kuphela, okuyikhabhoni. Ukuze kwandiswe ukuminyana, ikhabhoni ekhiqizwe yi-carbonization ifakwe ngekhabhoni noma ifakwe ne-resin (noma i-asphalt), okungukuthi, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon/carbon zenziwe ngezinto ezintathu ze-carbon.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza yezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-carbon-carbon

1) Ukukhetha i-carbon fiber

Ukukhethwa kwezinqwaba ze-carbon fiber kanye nokwakheka kwesakhiwo sezindwangu ze-fiber kuyisisekelo sokukhiqizaInhlanganisela ye-C/C. Izakhiwo zemishini kanye nezakhiwo ze-thermophysical zezinhlanganisela ze-C/C zinganqunywa ngokukhetha ngokunengqondo izinhlobo zefayibha namapharamitha wokuluka indwangu, njengokuma kwelungiselelo lenqwaba yezintambo, isikhala senqwaba yezintambo, okuqukethwe kwevolumu yenqwaba yezintambo, njll.

2) Ukulungiswa kwe-carbon fiber preform

I-Carbon fiber preform isho into engenalutho eyakhiwe ibe yisakhiwo esidingekayo sefayibha ngokuya ngokuma komkhiqizo kanye nezidingo zokusebenza ukuze kuqhutshekwe nenqubo yokuminyana. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokucubungula izingxenye zesakhiwo esenziwe ngaphambili: ukuluka okuthambile, ukwaluka okuqinile kanye nokwaluka okuthambile nokuqinile okuxubile. Izinqubo eziyinhloko zokuluka yilezi: ukuluka intambo eyomile, ukuhlelwa kweqembu lezinduku ezifakwe ngaphambili, ukubhoboza kokweluka okuhle, ukusonteka kwefayibha kanye nokweluka okusonke okunezinhlangothi ezintathu. Njengamanje, inqubo yokweluka eyinhloko esetshenziswa ezintweni eziyinhlanganisela ye-C iwukuluka okunezinhlangothi ezintathu sekukonke. Phakathi nenqubo yokweluka, yonke imicu elukiwe ihlelwa ngendlela ethile. I-fiber ngayinye isuswa nge-engeli ethile eceleni kwayo futhi ihlanganiswe nomunye ukuze kwakhe indwangu. Isici sayo ukuthi ingakwazi ukwenza indwangu yonke enezinhlangothi ezintathu ezihlukene, engalawula ngokuphumelelayo okuqukethwe kwevolumu yezintambo ohlangothini ngalunye lwe-C/C eyinhlanganisela yezinto, ukuze impahla eyinhlanganisela ye-C/C ikwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo ezinengqondo. kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

3) Inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-C/C

Izinga nokusebenza kahle kokuminyana kuthinteka kakhulu ukwakheka kwendwangu kanye nemingcele yenqubo yezinto eziyisisekelo. Izindlela zenqubo ezisetshenziswayo njengamanje zihlanganisa impregnation carbonization, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), chemical vapor infiltration (CVI), chemical liquid deposition, pyrolysis kanye nezinye izindlela. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezindlela zenqubo: inqubo ye-impregnation carbonization kanye nenqubo yokungena kwamakhemikhali amakhemikhali.

Isigaba samanzi se-impregnation-carbonization

Indlela yokukhulelwa yesigaba samanzi ilula kumishini futhi inokusebenza okubanzi, ngakho indlela yesigaba se-liquid yokumilisa iyindlela ebalulekile yokulungiselela izinto eziyinhlanganisela ye-C/C. Ukucwilisa i-preform eyenziwe nge-carbon fiber ku-liquid impregnant, futhi wenze ongakhulelwe angene ngokugcwele ku-voids ye-preform ngokucindezela, bese ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezifana nokuphulukisa, i-carbonization, ne-graphitization, ekugcineni bathole.Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C. Ububi bayo ukuthi kuthatha ukukhulelwa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nemijikelezo ye-carbonization ukuze kuzuzwe izidingo zokuminyana. Ukwakheka kanye nesakhiwo sokukhulelwa ngendlela yesigaba se-liquid impregnation kubaluleke kakhulu. Akuthinti nje kuphela ukusebenza kahle kokuqina, kodwa futhi kuthinta izici zemishini nezomzimba zomkhiqizo. Ukuthuthukisa isivuno se-carbonization sokukhulelwa nokunciphisa i-viscosity yokukhulelwa bekulokhu kungenye yezinkinga ezibalulekile okufanele zixazululwe ekulungiseleleni izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C / C nge-liquid phase impregnation method. I-viscosity ephezulu kanye nesivuno esiphansi se-carbonization somntwana ongakhulelwe esinye sezizathu ezibalulekile zezindleko eziphezulu ze-C / C ezihlanganisiwe. Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kongakhulelwe akukwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C futhi kunciphise izindleko zazo, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise izici ezihlukahlukene zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C. Ukwelashwa kwe-anti-oxidation yezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C I-Carbon fiber iqala uku-oxidize ku-360°C emoyeni. I-graphite fiber ingcono kancane kune-carbon fiber, futhi izinga lokushisa layo le-oxidation liqala uku-oxidize ku-420°C. Izinga lokushisa le-oxidation lezinto eziyinhlanganisela C/C licishe libe ngu-450°C. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C zilula kakhulu ukwenza i-oxidize endaweni ene-oxidative enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, futhi izinga le-oxidation likhula ngokushesha ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Uma zingekho izinyathelo zokulwa ne-oxidation, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C endaweni enezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ene-oxidative nakanjani kuzodala imiphumela eyinhlekelele. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-anti-oxidation yezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yakho yokulungiselela. Ngokombono wobuchwepheshe bokulwa ne-oxidation, bungahlukaniswa ngobuchwepheshe bangaphakathi bokulwa ne-oxidation kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa i-anti-oxidation.

Isigaba se-Chemical Vapor

I-Chemical vapor deposition (i-CVD noma i-CVI) iwukufaka ikhabhoni ngqo ezimbotsheni ezingenalutho ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokugcwalisa izimbotshana nokwandisa ukuminyana. Ikhabhoni efakiwe kulula ukuyenza i-graphitize, futhi inokuhambisana okuhle ngokomzimba nefiber. Ngeke inciphe ngesikhathi sokwenza kabusha i-carbonization njengendlela yokufakelwa kabusha, futhi izakhiwo zomzimba nezemishini zale ndlela zingcono. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi senqubo ye-CVD, uma i-carbon ifakwe ebusweni bendawo engenalutho, izovimbela igesi ukuthi ingasakazeki ezimbotsheni zangaphakathi. Ikhabhoni efakwe phezulu kufanele isuswe ngomshini bese kwenziwa umzuliswano omusha wokufaka. Ngemikhiqizo ewugqinsi, indlela ye-CVD nayo inobunzima obuthile, futhi umjikelezo wale ndlela nawo mude kakhulu.