Ibhethri ye-lithium iwuhlobo lwebhethri elisebenzisa insimbi ye-lithium noma ingxubevange ye-lithium njengento engalungile ye-electrode kanye nesisombululo se-electrolyte esinganaqueous. Amabhethri e-lithium asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yedijithali emkhakheni wendabuko, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wamabhethri wamandla nokugcinwa kwamandla emasimini asafufusa.
I-China inezinsiza eziningi ze-lithium kanye neketango eliphelele lemboni yebhethri ye-lithium, kanye nesisekelo esikhulu samathalenta, okwenza i-China ibe yisifunda esikhanga kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhethri e-lithium nezinto zokwakha, futhi isibe yi-lithium enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Izinto zebhethri nesisekelo sokukhiqiza ibhethri. Ukukhuphuka komkhakha we-lithium battery industry chain kuhlanganisa i-cobalt, i-manganese, i-nickel ore, i-lithium ore, ne-graphite ore. Ochungechungeni lwemboni yokukhiqiza ibhethri ye-lithium, ingxenye eyinhloko yephakethe lebhethri ingumongo webhethri. Ngemuva kokuthi umgogodla webhethri usupakishiwe, izintambo zokubopha kanye nefilimu ye-PVC kuhlanganiswe ukwenza imojuli yebhethri, bese kuba isixhumi sezintambo zezintambo kanye nebhodi lesekhethi ye-BMS kwengezwa ukwenza umkhiqizo webhethri lamandla.
Ukuhlaziya okungaphezulu kochungechunge lwezimboni
Umfula webhethri ye-lithium ukumbiwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwemithombo yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ikakhulukazi izinsiza ze-lithium, izinsiza ze-cobalt ne-graphite. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintathu zokusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi: i-lithium carbonate, i-cobalt ne-graphite. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi izinqolobane zomhlaba wonke ze-lithium zicebile kakhulu, futhi okwamanje i-60% yemithombo ye-lithium ayizange ihlolwe futhi ithuthukiswe, kodwa ukusatshalaliswa kwezimayini ze-lithium kugxilile, ikakhulukazi kusakazwa endaweni "ye-lithium triangle" yaseNingizimu Melika. , Australia kanye ne China.
Njengamanje, izindawo zokumba emhlabeni wonke zingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-7, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kugxilile. Iziqiwi zaseCongo (DRC), Australia kanye neCuba zenza ama-70% eziqiwi zomhlaba, ikakhulukazi izinqolobane zaseCongo ezingamathani ayizigidi ezi-3.4, ezibalwa ngaphezu kwama-50% omhlaba. .
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Midstream yemboni yebhethri ye-lithium
Ingxenye ephakathi yochungechunge lwezimboni zebhethri ye-lithium ikakhulukazi ihilela izinto ezihlukahlukene ezinhle nezimbi, kanye nama-electrolyte, amathebhu, ama-diaphragms namabhethri.
Phakathi kwazo, i-electrolyte yebhethri ye-lithium iyisithwali sokushayela i-lithium ion ebhethri ye-lithium ion, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekuphepheni kwebhethri ye-lithium. Isimiso sokusebenza sebhethri ye-lithium-ion futhi inqubo yokushaja nokukhipha, okungukuthi, i-lithium ion ivalwa phakathi kwama-electrode amahle namabi, futhi i-electrolyte iyindlela yokugeleza kwe-lithium ion. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-diaphragm ukuhlukanisa ama-electrode amahle nebi ebhethri, ukuvimbela izigxobo ezimbili ukuthi zingathintani kanye ne-short-circuit, futhi zibe nomsebenzi wokudlulisa ama-electrolyte ion.
Ukuhlaziywa komfula we-lithium battery industry chain
Ngo-2018, ukukhiqizwa kwemakethe yebhethri ye-lithium-ion yaseChina kukhuphuke ngo-26.71% unyaka nonyaka kuya ku-102.00GWh. Ukukhiqizwa kweChina emhlabeni jikelele kubalele ku-54.03%, futhi isibe ngumkhiqizi omkhulu webhethri we-lithium-ion emhlabeni. Izinkampani ezimele ibhethri ye-Lithium yilezi: inkathi ye-Ningde, i-BYD, i-Waterma, i-Guoxuan Hi-Tech njalonjalo.
Kusukela emakethe yokusetshenziswa ephansi komfula wamabhethri e-lithium-ion e-China, ibhethri lamandla ngo-2018 laliqhutshwa ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni entsha yezimoto zamandla. Umphumela ukhuphuke ngo-46.07% unyaka nonyaka wafinyelela ku-65GWh, okwaba ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke; imakethe yebhethri yedijithali ye-3C ngo-2018 Ukukhula bekuzinzile, futhi okukhiphayo kwehle ngo-2.15% unyaka nonyaka kuya ku-31.8GWh, futhi izinga lokukhula lehla. Kodwa-ke, inkambu yebhethri yedijithali ephezulu emelwe amabhethri aguquguqukayo, amabhethri edijithali anezinga eliphezulu namaphakethe athambile edijithali angaphansi kwamadivayisi agqokekayo, ama-drones, nobuhlakani bezinga eliphezulu. Iqhutshwa izingxenye zemakethe ezifana nomakhalekhukhwini, isibe yingxenye ekhula kancane yemakethe yebhethri yedijithali ye-3C; ngo-2018, amabhethri e-lithium-ion okugcina amandla e-China anyuke kancane ngo-48.57% aya ku-5.2GWh.
Ibhethri Lamandla
Eminyakeni yamuva, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion yaseChina ithuthuke ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusekelwa okuqinile kwezinqubomgomo zikazwelonke zemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha. Ngo-2018, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla e-China kukhuphuke ngo-50.62% unyaka nonyaka kuya kumayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-1.22, futhi umphumela wawuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-14.66 kunango-2014. ukukhula ngo-2017-2018. Ngokwezibalo zocwaningo, ukuphuma kwemakethe yebhethri lamandla e-China ngo-2018 kukhuphuke ngo-46.07% unyaka nonyaka kuya ku-65GWh.
Ngokuqalisa ngokusemthethweni uhlelo olusha lwamaphuzu ezimoto zamandla, izinkampani zezimoto ezithwala uphethiloli zizokwandisa ukwakheka kwezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla, kanti izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ezifana neVolkswagen kanye neDaimler zizokwakha ngokubambisana izimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla e-China. Isidingo semakethe yebhethri lamandla e-China sizoba Ukugcina inkambiso yokukhula ngokushesha, kulindeleke ukuthi i-CAGR yokukhiqizwa kwebhethri lamandla izofinyelela ku-56.32% eminyakeni emibili ezayo, futhi ukuphuma kwebhethri lamandla kuzodlula ku-158.8GWh ngo-2020.
Imakethe yebhethri ye-lithium-ion yaseChina igcine ukukhula okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi eqhutshwa ukukhula okusheshayo kwemakethe yebhethri yamandla. Ngo-2018, amabhizinisi amahlanu aphezulu emakethe yamabhethri kagesi yaseChina abalelwa ku-71.60% yenani lokuphumayo, futhi ukugxilwa kwemakethe kuye kwathuthukiswa nakakhulu.
Ibhethri lamandla lesikhathi esizayo liyinjini enkulu yokukhula emkhakheni wamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ukuthambekela kwayo ekuqineni kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokuphepha okuphezulu sekunqunyiwe. Amabhethri wamandla kanye namabhethri e-lithium-ion edijithali asezingeni eliphezulu azoba amaphuzu ayinhloko okukhula emakethe yebhethri ye-lithium-ion, namabhethri e-lithium ngaphakathi kwe-6μm. I-copper foil izoba enye yezinto ezibalulekile zokusetshenziswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion futhi izogxila emabhizinisini ajwayelekile.
3C ibhethri
Ngo-2018, ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri yedijithali yaseChina kwehle ngo-2.15% unyaka nonyaka kuya ku-31.8GWh. I-GGII ilindele ukuthi i-CAGR yebhethri yedijithali izoba ngu-7.87% eminyakeni emibili ezayo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri yedijithali yaseChina kuzofinyelela ku-34GWh ngo-2019. Ngo-2020, ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri yedijithali yaseShayina kuzofinyelela ku-37GWh, futhi amabhethri ephakethe elithambile ledijithali asezingeni eliphezulu, amabhethri aguquguqukayo, amabhethri anezinga eliphezulu, njll. azoqhutshwa amandla aphezulu- qeda amafoni ahlakaniphile, amadivaysi agqokekayo, ama-drones, njll., abe ukukhula okuyinhloko kwemakethe yebhethri yedijithali. iphuzu.
Ibhethri yokugcina amandla
Nakuba indawo yebhethri ye-lithium-ion yokugcina amandla yaseChina inesikhala esikhulu semakethe, isanqunyelwe izindleko nobuchwepheshe, futhi isesikhathini sokwethulwa kwemakethe. Ngo-2018, ukuphuma kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion okugcina amandla e-China kukhuphuke ngo-48.57% unyaka nonyaka kuya ku-5.2GWh. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukuphuma kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion okugcina amandla aseChina kuzofinyelela ku-6.8GWh ngo-2019.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-20-2019