Kodi nchifukwa ninji kupanga ma hydrogen kuchokera ku mphamvu ya nyukiliya kunatentha mwadzidzidzi?

M'mbuyomu, kuopsa kwa zida zanyukiliya kudapangitsa maiko kuyimitsa mapulani ofulumizitsa ntchito yomanga zida za nyukiliya ndikuyamba kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo. Koma chaka chatha, mphamvu za nyukiliya zinali kukweranso.

Kumbali imodzi, mkangano wa Russia-Ukraine wadzetsa kusintha kwa njira zonse zoperekera mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe zalimbikitsanso ambiri "okana zida za nyukiliya" kusiya wina ndi mnzake ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kwathunthu kwa mphamvu zachikhalidwe momwe angathere poyambiranso. mphamvu za nyukiliya.

Kumbali inayi, haidrojeni ndiyofunika kwambiri pakukonza zopanga mafakitale olemera kwambiri ku Europe. Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya nyukiliya kwalimbikitsanso kuzindikira kwa kupanga haidrojeni ndi mphamvu ya nyukiliya m'mayiko a ku Ulaya.

Chaka chatha, kusanthula kwa OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) yotchedwa "The Role of Nuclear Power in the Hydrogen Economy: Cost and Competitiveness" inamaliza kuti chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa mtengo wa gasi ndi zikhumbo zonse za ndondomeko, chiyembekezo cha mphamvu ya nyukiliya mu hydrogen. chuma ndi mwayi waukulu ngati njira zoyenera zichitidwa.

NEA idanenanso kuti kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chothandizira kupanga ma hydrogen kuyenera kuchulukitsidwa pakanthawi kochepa, monga "methane pyrolysis kapena hydrothermal chemical cycling, mwina kuphatikiza ndi ukadaulo wa m'badwo wachinayi, akulonjeza zosankha za mpweya wochepa zomwe zitha kuchepetsa zoyambira. kufunikira kwa mphamvu yopanga haidrojeni".

Zimamveka kuti phindu lalikulu la mphamvu ya nyukiliya popanga haidrojeni limaphatikizapo kutsika mtengo kwa kupanga ndi kuchepetsa mpweya. Ngakhale green haidrojeni amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa pa mphamvu ya 20 mpaka 40 peresenti, pinki haidrojeni idzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nyukiliya pamlingo wa 90 peresenti, kuchepetsa ndalama.

Chomaliza cha NEA ndikuti mphamvu ya nyukiliya imatha kupanga ma hydrocarbon otsika pamlingo waukulu pamtengo wopikisana.

Kuphatikiza apo, International Atomic Energy Agency yakonza njira yoyendetsera malonda a nyukiliya ya haidrojeni, ndipo makampani akukhulupirira kuti ntchito yomanga malo opangira mafakitale ndi zoperekera zokhudzana ndi kupanga nyukiliya ya haidrojeni ikubwera.

Pakalipano, maiko akuluakulu otukuka padziko lapansi akugwira ntchito mwakhama kufufuza ndi chitukuko cha polojekiti ya nyukiliya ya nyukiliya ya haidrojeni, kuyesa kulowa m'gulu lazachuma la hydrogen posachedwapa. Dziko lathu likulimbikitsa kwambiri chitukuko cha teknoloji yopanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku mphamvu ya nyukiliya ndipo yalowa muwonetsero wamalonda.

Kupanga haidrojeni ku mphamvu ya nyukiliya pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ngati zopangira sikungangozindikira kuti palibe mpweya wa kaboni panthawi yopanga haidrojeni, komanso kukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya nyukiliya, kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wachuma wamagetsi amagetsi a nyukiliya, ndikupanga zinthu kuti pakhale chitukuko chogwirizana. nyukiliya magetsi ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Mafuta a nyukiliya omwe alipo kuti apangidwe padziko lapansi angapereke mphamvu zochulukirapo kuwirikiza 100,000 kuposa mafuta oyaka. Kuphatikizana kwa awiriwa kudzatsegula njira ya chitukuko chokhazikika ndi chuma cha hydrogen, ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chobiriwira ndi moyo. Pakalipano, ili ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kupanga haidrojeni kuchokera ku mphamvu ya nyukiliya kungakhale gawo lofunikira la tsogolo la mphamvu zoyera..