Kasar Sin kasa ce mai faffadan kasa, mafi girman yanayin yanayin yanayin ma'adinai, cikakkun albarkatun ma'adinai da albarkatu masu yawa. Babban albarkatun ma'adinai ne da albarkatunsa.
Ta fuskar ma'adinai, manyan yankuna uku na duniya na metallogenic sun shiga kasar Sin, don haka albarkatun ma'adinai suna da yawa, kuma albarkatun ma'adinan sun cika. Kasar Sin ta gano ma'adanai iri 171, daga cikinsu 156 sun tabbatar da tanade-tanade, kuma darajarta ta kai matsayi na uku a duniya.
Bisa kididdigar da aka tabbatar, akwai nau'o'in ma'adanai 45 da suka mamaye kasar Sin. Wasu daga cikin ma'adinan ma'adinai suna da yawa, kamar ƙananan ƙarfe na duniya, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, sulfur, magnesite, boron, kwal, da dai sauransu, duk suna cikin sahun gaba a duniya. Daga cikin su, nau'ikan ma'adinan ma'adinai guda biyar sune na farko a duniya. Bari mu duba wane irin ma'adanai.
1. Tungsten karfe
Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi arzikin tungsten a duniya. Akwai tabbatattun ma'adinan ma'adinai guda 252 da aka rarraba a larduna 23 ( gundumomi). Dangane da larduna (yankuna), Hunan (yafi scheelite) da Jiangxi (baƙar fata-tungsten tama) sune mafi girma, tare da ajiyar kuɗi na 33.8% da 20.7% na jimlar ajiyar ƙasa bi da bi; Henan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, da dai sauransu. Lardi (gundumar) ita ce ta biyu.
Babban wuraren hakar ma'adinan tungsten sun hada da Hunan Shizhuyuan Tungsten Mine, Dutsen Jiangxi Xihua, Dutsen Daji, Dutsen Pangu, Dutsen Guimei, Guangdong Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Fujian Luoluokeng Tungsten Mine, Gansu Ta'ergou Tungsten Mine, da Henan Sandaozhuang Aluminum da Tung so on Tung .
Lardin Dayu na lardin Jiangxi na kasar Sin shi ne sanannen babban birnin Tungsten a duniya. Akwai sama da ma'adinan tungsten 400 da ke kewaye. Bayan yakin Opium, Jamusawa sun fara gano tungsten a can. A lokacin, a asirce sun sayi haƙƙin haƙar ma'adinai akan yuan 500. Bayan gano masu kishin kasa, sun tashi ne don kare ma'adinai da ma'adinai. Bayan shawarwari da yawa, daga ƙarshe na kwato haƙƙin haƙar ma'adinai akan yuan 1,000 a shekara ta 1908 kuma na tara kuɗi don hakar ma'adinai. Wannan shine farkon masana'antar haɓaka ma'adinan tungsten a Weinan.
Core da samfurin ajiya na Dangping tungsten, gundumar Dayu, Lardin Jiangxi
Na biyu, maganin antimony
锑 ƙarfe ne mai launin azurfa mai launin toka tare da juriya na lalata. Babban aikin niobium a cikin allura shine haɓaka tauri, sau da yawa ana kiransa masu taurin ƙarfe ko gami.
Kasar Sin na daya daga cikin kasashen duniya da suka gano tare da yin amfani da sinadarin antimony tun da farko. A cikin litattafai na daɗaɗɗen irin su "Abinci da Abinci na Hanshu" da "Littafin Tarihi", akwai bayanan adawa. A lokacin, ba a kira su 锑 ba, amma ana kiran su "Lianxi." Bayan kafuwar sabuwar kasar Sin, an gudanar da wani babban bincike da bunkasar yanayin mahakar ma'adinan Yankuang, kuma an samar da wutar lantarki mai saurin narkar da tanderun sulfur. Ma'adinan antimony na kasar Sin ya zama na farko a duniya, da kuma yawan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje, da samar da bismuth na karfe mai tsafta (ciki har da kashi 99.999%) da kuma fararen fata mai inganci, wanda ke wakiltar matakin samar da ci gaba a duniya.
Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma da ke da arzikin plutonium a duniya, wanda ya kai kashi 52% na jimilar duniya. Akwai sanannun ma'adinan Yankuang guda 171, wadanda aka fi rarraba a Hunan, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou da Gansu. Jimillar ajiyar larduna shida ya kai kashi 87.2% na adadin albarkatun da aka gano. Lardin da ke da mafi girman ajiyar albarkatun 锑 shine Hunan. Birnin ruwan sanyi na lardin shi ne mafi girma a duniya wajen hakar ma'adinan antimony, wanda ya kai kashi daya bisa uku na abin da kasar ke fitarwa a shekara.
Wannan albarkatun na Amurka sun dogara sosai kan kayayyakin da kasar Sin ke shigo da su daga kasashen waje, kuma sun fi kimar kasa. An ba da rahoton cewa kashi 60% na Yankuang da ake shigo da su daga Amurka suna zuwa daga China. Yayin da matsayin kasar Sin a kasashen duniya ke kara karuwa, sannu a hankali mun sami 'yancin yin magana. A shekarar 2002, kasar Sin ta ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsarin kayyade yawan jama'a don fitar da Yankuang zuwa kasashen waje, da kuma damke albarkatu a hannunta. A, don haɓaka bincike da ci gaban ƙasarsu.
Na uku, bentonite
Bentonite albarkatun ma'adinai ne mai kima da ba ƙarfe ba, wanda akasari ya ƙunshi montmorillonite tare da tsari mai faɗi. Saboda bentonite yana da jerin kyawawan kaddarorin irin su kumburi, adsorption, dakatarwa, dispersibility, musayar ion, kwanciyar hankali, thixotropy, da dai sauransu, yana da amfani fiye da 1000, don haka yana da sunan "laka na duniya"; ana iya sarrafa shi a cikin Adhesives, masu dakatarwa, wakilai na thixotropic, catalysts, clarifiers, adsorbents, masu ɗaukar sinadarai, da dai sauransu ana amfani da su a fannoni daban-daban kuma an san su da "kayan duniya".
Albarkatun Bentonite na kasar Sin na da wadata sosai, inda aka yi hasashen samun albarkatun sama da tan biliyan 7. Ana samuwa a cikin nau'i-nau'i na bentonites na tushen calcium da sodium-based bentonites, da hydrogen-based, aluminum-based, soda-calcium-based and unclassified bentonites. Rijiyar sodium bentonite tana da tan miliyan 586.334, wanda ya kai kashi 24% na jimlar ajiyar; Abubuwan da ake tsammanin na sodium bentonite shine tan miliyan 351.586; nau'ikan aluminum da hydrogen ban da calcium da sodium bentonite sun kai kusan kashi 42%.
Na hudu, titanium
Dangane da tanadi, bisa kiyasi, jimillar albarkatun ilmenite da rutila a duniya sun zarce tan biliyan 2, kuma ajiyar tattalin arziki da ake amfani da su ya kai tan miliyan 770. Daga cikin bayyanannen tanadin albarkatun titanium na duniya, ilmenite yana da kashi 94%, sauran kuma rutile ne. Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma a cikin rijiyar ilmenite, tana da tanadin tan miliyan 220, wanda ya kai kashi 28.6% na jimillar asusun ajiyar duniya. Australiya, Indiya da Afirka ta Kudu sun kasance a matsayi na biyu zuwa na hudu. Dangane da samar da ma'adinan tama na duniya guda hudu a cikin 2016, sune Afirka ta Kudu, China, Australia da Mozambique.
Global titanium tama tana ajiyar rarraba a cikin 2016
Ana rarraba ma'adinin titanium na kasar Sin a yankuna fiye da 10 da yankuna masu cin gashin kansu. Tama na titanium yafi titanium tama, rutile ore da ilmenite tama a cikin vanadium-titanium magnetite. Titanium a cikin vanadium-titanium magnetite an samar da shi ne a yankin Panzhihua na Sichuan. Ana samar da ma'adinan Rutile a Hubei, Henan, Shanxi da sauran larduna. Ana samar da ma'adinin Ilmenite ne a Hainan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi da sauran larduna (yankuna). Rijiyar TiO2 na ilmenite tana da tan miliyan 357, wanda ke matsayi na farko a duniya.
Biyar, ma'adinan ƙasa da ba kasafai ba
Kasar Sin babbar kasa ce da ke da albarkatun kasa da ba kasafai ba. Ba wai kawai mai arziki ne a cikin tanadi ba, har ma yana da fa'ida daga cikakkun ma'adanai da abubuwan da ba kasafai ba a duniya, da darajar kasa da ba kasafai ba, da kuma rarraba ma'adinan ma'adinai masu ma'ana, wanda ya kafa ginshikin ci gaban masana'antar kasa da kasa ta kasar Sin.
Babban ma'adinan ƙasa da ba kasafai ba a kasar Sin sun hada da: Baiyun Ebo ma'adinan kasa na kasa da kasa, Shandong Weishan ma'adinan kasa da kasa, Suining rare earth mine, Jiangxi weathering shell leaching type rare earth mine, Hunan launin ruwan kasa mine da yashi na bakin teku a kan dogon bakin teku.
Baiyun Obo rare earth ore ne symbiotic da baƙin ƙarfe. Babban ma'adinan ƙasa da ba kasafai ba sune fluorocarbon antimony ore da monazite. Matsakaicin shine 3:1, wanda ya kai matakin dawo da ƙasa da ba kasafai ba. Saboda haka, ana kiran shi gauraye tama. Jimlar REO da ba kasafai ba ta kai tan miliyan 35, wanda ya kai kusan tan miliyan 35. Kashi 38 cikin 100 na ma'adinan duniya sune mafi girma a duniya da ba kasafai ake samun ma'adinai ba.
Weishan rare earth ore da Suining rare earth ore yawanci hada da bastnasite tama, tare da barite, da dai sauransu., kuma suna da in mun gwada da sauki zabar kasa da kasa iri iri.
Jiangxi weathering ɓawon burodi leaching da wuya ƙasa tama wani sabon nau'i ne na kasa da kasa ma'adinai. Narkawarsa da narkawarsa abu ne mai sauƙi, kuma yana ɗauke da ƙasa mai matsakaici da nauyi. Wani nau'i ne na takin ƙasa da ba kasafai ba tare da gasa ta kasuwa.
Yashi na bakin tekun kasar Sin ma yana da wadata sosai. Ana iya kiran bakin tekun tekun Kudancin China da bakin tekun tsibirin Hainan da tsibirin Taiwan, tekun zinare na yashi na bakin teku. Akwai ma'adinan yashi na zamani na zamani da tsoffin yashi, waɗanda ake kula da su monazite da xenotime. Ana dawo da yashin gefen teku azaman samfuri lokacin da ya dawo da ilmenite da zircon.
Duk da cewa albarkatun ma'adinai na kasar Sin suna da wadata sosai, amma mutane sun kasance kashi 58 cikin 100 na abin da kowa ke mallaka a duniya, inda suke matsayi na 53 a duniya. Kuma halayen baiwar albarkatun kasa na kasar Sin ba su da kyau kuma suna da wahala a gare ni, suna da wahalar zabar su, suna da wuyar samun nawa. Yawancin ma'adinan da aka tabbatar da bauxite da sauran manyan ma'adanai marasa kyau ne. Bugu da kari, manyan ma'adanai irin su tungsten sun yi amfani da su fiye da kima, kuma yawancin su ana amfani da su ne don fitar da su zuwa kasashen waje, wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin farashin kayayyakin ma'adinai da ɓarnawar albarkatu. Wajibi ne a kara haɓaka ƙoƙarin gyarawa, kare albarkatu, tabbatar da ci gaba, da kafa muryar duniya cikin manyan albarkatun ma'adinai. Source: Ma'adinan Ma'adinai
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba 11-2019