Kedu ihe bụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia?

A na-ewere mmepụta hydrogen nuklia dị ka ụzọ kacha mma maka mmepụta hydrogen buru ibu, mana ọ dị ka ọ na-aga n'ihu nwayọọ nwayọọ. Ya mere, gịnị bụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia?

Mmepụta hydrogen nuklia, ya bụ, ihe nrụpụta nuklia yana usoro mmepụta hydrogen dị elu, maka mmepụta hydrogen nke ukwuu. Mmepụta hydrogen sitere na ike nuklia nwere uru nke enweghị ikuku griin haus, mmiri dị ka akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, arụmọrụ dị elu na nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ, yabụ ọ bụ ihe ngwọta dị mkpa maka inye hydrogen buru ibu n'ọdịnihu. Dị ka atụmatụ IAEA si kwuo, obere ihe nrụpụta 250MW nwere ike ịmepụta tọn 50 nke hydrogen kwa ụbọchị site na iji mmeghachi omume nuklia dị elu.

Ụkpụrụ nke mmepụta hydrogen na ike nuklia bụ iji ọkụ ọkụ na-emepụta ngwá ọrụ nuklia dị ka isi iyi ike maka mmepụta hydrogen, na ịchọta mmepụta hydrogen nke ọma na nke buru ibu site na ịhọrọ nkà na ụzụ kwesịrị ekwesị. Na ibelata ma ọ bụ ọbụna wepụ ikuku ikuku ikuku. E gosipụtara eserese atụmatụ nke mmepụta hydrogen sitere na ike nuklia na ọnụ ọgụgụ a.

E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ iji tọghata ike nuklia ka ọ bụrụ ike hydrogen, gụnyere mmiri dị ka akụrụngwa site na electrolysis, thermochemical okirikiri, elu okpomọkụ uzuoku electrolysis hydrogen mmepụta, hydrogen sulfide dị ka raw material cracking hydrogen mmepụta, eke gas, coal, biomass dị ka akụrụngwa pyrolysis hydrogen. mmepụta, wdg Mgbe eji mmiri dị ka akụrụngwa, dum hydrogen mmepụta usoro adịghị emepụta CO₂, nke nwere ike isi kpochapụ griin haus emissions; Ịmepụta hydrogen site na isi mmalite ndị ọzọ na-ebelata ikuku carbon. Na mgbakwunye, iji mmiri electrolysis nke nuklia bụ naanị ngwakọta dị mfe nke ọgbọ ike nuklia na electrolysis ọdịnala, nke ka bụ nke ọgbọ nke ike nuklia na a naghị ewerekarị ya dị ka teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen nuklia. Ya mere, thermochemical okirikiri na mmiri dị ka akụrụngwa, zuru ma ọ bụ ele mmadụ anya n'ihu ojiji nke nuklia okpomọkụ na elu okpomọkụ uzuoku electrolysis na-ewere na-anọchi anya ọdịnihu ntụziaka nke nuklia hydrogen mmepụta technology.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere ụzọ abụọ bụ isi nke mmepụta hydrogen na ike nuklia: mmepụta hydrogen mmiri electrolytic na mmepụta hydrogen nke thermochemical. Igwe ọkụ nuklia na-enye ike eletrik na ike ọkụ n'otu n'otu maka ụzọ abụọ dị n'elu nke mmepụta hydrogen.

Electrolysis nke mmiri iji mepụta hydrogen bụ iji ike nuklia na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik, na mgbe ahụ site na mmiri electrolytic ngwaọrụ iji debie mmiri n'ime hydrogen. Mmepụta hydrogen site na mmiri electrolytic bụ usoro mmepụta hydrogen kpọmkwem, mana nrụpụta hydrogen nke usoro a (55% ~ 60%) dị ala, ọbụlagodi ma ọ bụrụ na anabatara teknụzụ elektrọniki SPE kachasị elu na United States, arụmọrụ electrolytic. na-abawanye ruo 90%. Ma ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ike nuklia ugbu a na-agbanwe okpomọkụ na ọkụ eletrik na gburugburu 35% arụmọrụ, njedebe ikpeazụ nke mmepụta hydrogen sitere na mmiri electrolysis na ike nuklia bụ nanị 30%.

Mmepụta hydrogen nke thermal-chemical na-adabere na okirikiri thermal-chemical, na-ejikọta reactor nuklia na ngwaọrụ mmepụta hydrogen na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, na-eji okpomọkụ dị elu nke ihe nrụpụta nuklia na-enye dị ka isi iyi okpomọkụ, nke mere na mmiri na-eme ka reactor thermal na 800 ℃. ruo 1000 ℃, nke mere na-emepụta hydrogen na oxygen. E jiri ya tụnyere mmepụta hydrogen mmiri electrolytic, nrụpụta hydrogen kemikal thermo dị elu, a na-atụ anya ịrụ ọrụ zuru oke karịa 50%, ọnụ ahịa ya dị ala.