Semiconductor-jiilka saddexaad ee GaN iyo tignoolajiyada epitaxial ee la xidhiidha horudhac kooban

1. Semiconductors-jiilka saddexaad

Tiknoolajiyada jiilka kowaad waxaa la sameeyay iyadoo lagu salaynayo agabka semiconductor sida Si iyo Ge. Waa aasaaska maadiga ah ee horumarinta transistor-ka iyo tignoolajiyada wareegga isku dhafan. Qalabka semiconductor-ka-koowaad ayaa aasaaska u ah warshadaha elektiroonigga ah qarnigii 20aad waana agabka aasaasiga ah ee farsamada wareegga isku dhafan.

Qalabka jiilka labaad ee semiconductor inta badan waxaa ka mid ah gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, gallium phosphide, indium arsenide, aluminium arsenide iyo xeryahooda ternary. Qalabka jiilka labaad ee jiilka labaad ayaa ah aasaaska warshadaha macluumaadka optoelectronic. Sidan oo kale, warshado la xidhiidha sida nalka, bandhiga, laysarka, iyo sawir-qaadista ayaa la sameeyay. Waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa tignoolajiyada macluumaadka casriga ah iyo warshadaha soo bandhiga indhaha ee optoelectronic.

Qalabka matale ee jiilka saddexaad ee qalabka semiconductor waxaa ka mid ah gallium nitride iyo silikoon carbide. Sababo la xiriira farqiga band ee ballaaran, xawaaraha korantada elektaroonigga ah ee sarreeya, kuleylka kuleylka sarreeya, iyo xoogga sare ee burburka goobta, waxay yihiin agabyo ku habboon diyaarinta cufnaanta awoodda sare, soo noqnoqoshada sare, iyo aaladaha elektiroonigga ah ee hooseeya. Waxaa ka mid ah, aaladaha korantada silikoon carbide waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyinka cufnaanta tamarta sare, isticmaalka tamarta yar, iyo cabbirka yar, waxayna leeyihiin rajooyin codsi oo ballaaran oo ku saabsan gawaarida tamarta cusub, sawir-qaadista, gaadiidka tareenka, xogta weyn, iyo meelo kale. Aaladaha Gallium nitride RF waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyinka soo noqnoqda sare, awood sare, baaxad ballaadhan, isticmaalka tamarta yar iyo cabbirka yar, waxayna leeyihiin rajooyin ballaadhan oo ku saabsan isgaarsiinta 5G, Internet of Things, radar military iyo meelo kale. Intaa waxaa dheer, aaladaha gallium nitride-ku-saleysan ee tamarta ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalay goobta korantada yar. Intaa waxaa dheer, sanadihii ugu dambeeyay, qalabka gallium oxide ee soo baxaya ayaa la filayaa inay sameeyaan kaabayaal farsamo oo la socda tignoolajiyada SiC iyo GaN ee jira, oo ay leeyihiin rajooyin codsi oo suurtagal ah oo ku saabsan beeraha-soo noqnoqda iyo tamarta sare.

Marka la barbardhigo qalabka jiilka labaad ee jiilka labaad, qalabka jiilka saddexaad waxay leeyihiin ballac ballaaran oo bandgap ah (ballaadhka bandgap ee Si, oo ah walxaha caadiga ah ee jiilka kowaad, wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 1.1eV, ballaca bandgap ee GaAs, oo caadi ah. wax ka mid ah qalabka semiconductor-ka labaad, wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 1.42eV, iyo ballaca bandgap ee GaN, oo ah walxaha caadiga ah ee jiilka saddexaad, ayaa ka sarreeya 2.3eV), caabbinta shucaaca xooggan, caabbinta xooggan ee burburka beerta, iyo iska caabinta heerkulka sare. Qalabka semiconductor-jiilka saddexaad oo leh ballac ballaaran oo ballaadhan ayaa si gaar ah ugu habboon soo saarista shucaaca u adkaysta, soo noqnoqoshada, awoodda sare iyo cufnaanta sare ee qalabka elektarooniga ah. Codsigooda aaladaha soo noqnoqda raadiyaha microwave-ka, LED-yada, laysarka, aaladaha korantada iyo meelaha kale ayaa soo jiitay dareen badan, waxayna muujiyeen rajooyin horumarineed oo ballaadhan xagga isgaarsiinta mobilada, xadhkaha smart, gaadiidka tareenka, baabuurta tamarta cusub, elektiroonigga macaamiisha, iyo ultraviolet iyo buluug. -qalabka iftiinka cagaaran [1].

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Isha sawirka: CASA, Zheshang Securities Research Institute

Jaantuska 1 Qiyaasta wakhtiga qalabka korantada ee GaN iyo saadaasha

II GaN qaab-dhismeedka maaddada iyo sifooyinka

GaN waa semiconductor bandgap toos ah. Ballaca bandgap ee qaab dhismeedka wurtzite heerkulka qolka waa qiyaastii 3.26eV. Qalabka GaN waxa ay leeyihiin saddex qaab dhismeed oo crystal ah, kuwaas oo kala ah qaab-dhismeedka wurtzite, qaab-dhismeedka sphalerite iyo qaab-dhismeedka milixda dhagaxa. Waxaa ka mid ah, qaab-dhismeedka wurtzite waa qaabka ugu xasilloon. Jaantuska 2 waa jaantuska qaab dhismeedka wurtzite ee laba geesoodka ah ee GaN. Qaab dhismeedka wurtzite ee maaddada GaN waxa iska leh qaab-dhismeed lix geesood ah oo xidhxidhan. Unug kastaa waxa uu leeyahay 12 atamka, oo ay ku jiraan 6 N atamka iyo 6 ga atamka. Mid kasta oo Ga ​​(N) atamka ah wuxuu samaysaa curaarta 4ta atamka N (Ga) ee kuugu dhow waxaana loo dulsaaraa habka ABABAB…

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Jaantuska 2 Qaab dhismeedka Wurtzite GaN jaantuska unugyada crystal

III Substrate-ka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo ee GaN epitaxy

Waxay u muuqataa in epitaxy-ga isku midka ah ee GaN substrates ay tahay doorashada ugu fiican ee GaN epitaxy. Si kastaba ha noqotee, tamarta dammaanadda weyn ee GaN awgeed, marka heerkulku gaadho barta dhalaalka ee 2500 ℃, cadaadiska burburka u dhigma wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 4.5GPa. Marka cadaadiska burburku uu ka hooseeyo cadaadiskan, GaN ma dhalaalin ee si toos ah ayey u qudhuntaa. Tani waxay ka dhigaysa tignoolajiyada diyaarinta substrate bislaaday sida habka Czochralski mid aan ku haboonayn diyaarinta GaN substrates crystals, taasoo ka dhigaysa substrates GaN inay adagtahay in la soo saaro tiro badan oo qaali ah. Sidaa darteed, substrate-yada sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo kobaca Epitaxial GaN waxay u badan yihiin Si, SiC, sapphire, iwm. [3].

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Jaantuska 3 GaN iyo cabirrada agabka substrate-ka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo

GaN epitaxy on sapphire

Sapphire waxay leedahay sifooyin kiimikaad oo deggan, waa raqiis, waxayna leedahay qaan-gaadhnimo sare oo warshado wax soo saar oo baaxad leh. Sidaa darteed, waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah agabka substrate-ka ugu horreeya uguna badan ee loo adeegsado injineernimada aaladda semiconductor. Sida mid ka mid ah substrate-yada caadiga ah ee loo isticmaalo GaN epitaxy, dhibaatooyinka ugu waaweyn ee u baahan in lagu xalliyo substrate-ka sapphire waa:

✔ Sababtoo ah ismaandhaafka shafka weyn ee u dhexeeya sapphire (Al2O3) iyo GaN (qiyaastii 15%), cufnaanta cilladda ee isku xirka lakabka epitaxial iyo substrate waa mid aad u sarreeya. Si loo yareeyo saameynteeda xun, substrate-ka waa in lagu sameeyaa daawayn adag ka hor intaysan bilaabin habka epitaxy. Kahor intaadan korin GaN epitaxy on sapphire substrates, dusha sare ee substrate waa in marka hore si adag loo nadiifiyaa si meesha looga saaro wasakhda, waxyeelada dhalaalaysa, iwm, iyo si loo soo saaro tillaabooyin iyo dhismooyin dusha sare ah. Kadibna, dusha sare ee substrate waa nitrided si loo beddelo sifooyinka qoynta ee lakabka epitaxial. Ugu dambeyntii, lakabka khafiifka ah ee AlN (sida caadiga ah 10-100nm dhumucdiisuna) waxay u baahan tahay in lagu shubo dusha sare ee substrate oo lagu dhejiyo heerkul hooseeya si loogu diyaariyo korriinka epitaxial ee ugu dambeeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cufnaanta kala-baxa ee filimada Epitaxial GaN ee ku koray substrates sapphire ayaa weli ka sarreeya kuwa filimada homoepitaxial (qiyaastii 1010cm-2, marka la barbar dhigo asal ahaan eber kala-baxa filimada silicon homoepitaxial ama gallium arsenide homoepitaxial movies, ama inta u dhaxaysa 10cm filimada. 2). Cufnaanta cilladda sare waxay yaraynaysaa dhaqdhaqaaqa sideyaasha, sidaas darteed soo gaabinaysa sideyaasha tirada yar inta ay nool yihiin waxayna yaraynaysaa dhaqdhaqaaqa kulaylka, kuwaas oo dhamaantood hoos u dhigaya waxqabadka qalabka [4];

✔ Isku-dhafka fidinta kulaylka ee sapphire wuu ka weyn yahay kan GaN, markaa cadaadiska cadaadiska biaxial ayaa ka dhalan doona lakabka epitaxial inta lagu jiro habka qaboojinta heerkulka qolka ilaa heerkulka qolka. Filimada epitaxial ee dhumuc weyn, walbahaarkani wuxuu sababi karaa dillaaca filimka ama xitaa substrate-ka;

✔ Marka la barbar dhigo substrate-yada kale, kuleylku kuleyliyaha substrates sapphire wuu hooseeyaa (qiyaastii 0.25W * cm-1 * K-1 at 100 ℃), iyo waxqabadka daadinta kulaylku waa liitaa;

✔ Habacsanaantiisa oo liidata awgeed, sapphire substrates ma aha kuwo ku haboon is dhexgalka iyo adeegsiga aaladaha kale ee semiconductor.

In kasta oo cufnaanta cilladaha lakabyada Epitaxial ee GaN ee ku koray substrates sapphire ay aad u sarreeyaan, uma eka inay si weyn u yarayso waxqabadka optoelectronic LED-yada buluug-cagaaran ku salaysan ee GaN, sidaa darteed substrate-yada sapphire ayaa wali sida caadiga ah loo adeegsadaa substrates-ka gan-ku-salaysan LED-yada.

Iyada oo la horumarinayo codsiyo cusub oo cusub oo ah aaladaha GaN sida lasers ama aaladaha kale ee cufnaanta sare leh, cilladaha dabiiciga ah ee substrates sapphire ayaa si isa soo taraysa u noqday xaddidaad codsigooda. Intaa waxaa dheer, iyada oo horumarinta tignoolajiyada koritaanka substrate-ka SiC, dhimista kharashka iyo qaan-gaarnimada tignoolajiyada Epitaxial GaN ee Si substrates, cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan kororka lakabyada epitaxial GaN ee sapphire substrates ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u muujiyay isbeddel qaboojin.

GaN epitaxy ee SiC

Marka la barbar dhigo sapphire, substrates SiC (4H- iyo 6H-crystals) waxay leeyihiin isbarbardhig yar oo lattice ah oo leh lakabyada Epitaxial GaN (3.1%, oo u dhiganta [0001] filimaanta epitaxial-ka), korantada kuleylka sare (qiyaastii 3.8W * cm-1 * K) -1), iwm. Intaa waxaa dheer, conductivity ee substrates SiC ayaa sidoo kale u ogolaanaya xiriir koronto in lagu sameeyo dhabarka ee substrate, taas oo ka caawisaa in la fududeeyo qaab-dhismeedka qalabka. Jiritaanka faa'iidooyinkan ayaa soo jiidatay cilmi-baarayaal aad iyo aad u badan si ay uga shaqeeyaan GaN epitaxy ee substrates carbide silicon.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, si toos ah uga shaqeynta substrate-ka SiC si looga fogaado sii kordheysa suuxdinta GaN waxay sidoo kale wajaheysaa faa'iidooyin taxane ah, oo ay ku jiraan kuwan soo socda:

✔ Qalafsanaanta dusha sare ee substrates SiC ayaa aad uga sareysa tan sapphire substrates ( sapphire roughness 0.1nm RMS, SiC roughness 1nm RMS), SiC substrates waxay leeyihiin qallafsanaan sare iyo waxqabadka habayn liidata Ilaha cilladaha ee suuxdinta GaN.

✔ Cufnaanta furka furka ee substrate-ka SiC waa mid sarreeya (cufnaanta kala-baxa 103-104cm-2), kala-baxyada fur-furka ayaa laga yaabaa inay ku faafto lakabka GaN waxayna yaraynaysaa waxqabadka aaladda;

✔ Nidaamka atomiga ee dusha sare ee substrate-ka ayaa keenaya samaynta cilladaha is-dul-saarista (BSFs) ee suuxdinta GaN. Epitaxial GaN ee substrates SiC, waxaa jira amarro habayn atomiga ah oo badan oo suurtagal ah oo ku saabsan substrate-ka, taasoo keentay in aan iswaafaqayn nidaamka isugaynta hore ee lakabka epitaxial GaN dusheeda, kaas oo u nugul inuu isku dhejiyo. Cilladaha is-dul-saarista (SF-yada) waxay soo bandhigaan beero koronto oo ku dhex-yaalla dhidibka c-dhidibka, taasoo horseedda dhibaatooyin ay ka mid yihiin daadinta aaladaha kala-saaridda sidaha diyaaradda;

✔ Isku-xidhka balaadhinta kulaylka ee substrate-ka SiC wuu ka yar yahay kan AlN iyo GaN, kaas oo keena isku-ururinta kulaylka ee lakabka epitaxial iyo substrate inta lagu jiro habka qaboojinta. Waltereit iyo Brand waxay saadaaliyeen iyagoo ku salaynaya natiijooyinkooda cilmi-baadhiseed in dhibaatadan lagu yarayn karo ama lagu xallin karo koritaannada GaN epitaxial layers ee khafiifka ah, oo si isku xidhan u cidhiidhsan lakabyada nucleation-ka ee AlN;

✔ Dhibaatada qoynta liidata ee atamka Ga. Marka si toos ah u koraya lakabyada GaN epitaxial ee dusha SiC, sababtoo ah qoynta liidata ee u dhaxaysa labada atomi, GaN waxay u nugul tahay koritaanka jasiiradda 3D ee dusha sare. Soo bandhigida lakabka kaydinta ayaa ah xalka ugu badan ee la isticmaalo si loo hagaajiyo tayada agabka epitaxial ee GaN epitaxy. Soo bandhigida lakabka AlN ama AlxGa1-xN waxay si wax ku ool ah u wanaajin kartaa qoynta dusha sare ee SiC waxayna ka dhigi kartaa lakabka Epitaxial ee GaN inuu u kordho laba cabbir. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay sidoo kale nidaamin kartaa walbahaarka waxayna ka hortagi kartaa cilladaha substrate-ka inay u fidiyaan GaN epitaxy;

✔ Tiknoolajiyada diyaarinta ee substrate-ka SiC waa mid aan qaan-gaarin, qiimaha substrate-ka ayaa sarreeya, waxaana jira alaab-qeybiyeyaal yar iyo sahay yar.

Baaritaanka Torres et al. ayaa muujinaya in ku dhajinta substrate-ka SiC ee leh H2 heerkul sare (1600 ° C) ka hor inta aan epitaxy soo saari karin qaab-dhismeed tallaabo oo dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dusha sare ee substrate, sidaas darteed helitaanka filim tayo sare leh oo AlN epitaxial marka loo eego marka ay si toos ah u tahay koray dusha substrate asalka ah. Xie iyo cilmi-baaristii kooxdiisu waxay sidoo kale muujinaysaa in hagaajinta pretreatment ee substrate silikoon carbide ay si weyn u wanaajin karto qaab-dhismeedka dusha sare iyo tayada crystal ee lakabka epitaxial GaN. Smith iyo al. Waxaa la ogaaday in kala-baxyada dunta ee ka soo jeeda lakabka substrate/buffer iyo lakabka buffer/epitaxial interfaces ay la xiriiraan fidsanaanta substrate-ka [5].

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Jaantuska 4 Qaab-dhismeedka TEM ee shaybaarrada lakabka epitaxial ee GaN oo ku koray 6H-SiC substrate (0001) ee hoos yimaada xaaladaha daaweynta dusha kala duwan (a) nadiifinta kiimikada; (b) Nadiifinta kiimikada + daawaynta balasmaha hydrogen; (c) Nadiifinta kiimikaad + daawaynta balasmaha hydrogen + 1300 ℃ daawaynta kulaylka hydrogen ee 30min

GaN epitaxy on Si

Marka la barbar dhigo silikoon carbide, sapphire iyo substrates kale, habka diyaarinta substrate silikoon waa qaan, oo waxa ay si adag u bixin kartaa substrates size weyn oo bislaaday oo leh waxqabad qiimo sare leh. Isla mar ahaantaana, kuleyliyaha kuleylka iyo korantada korantada ayaa wanaagsan, iyo habka qalabka elektarooniga ah ee Si waa qaan. Suurtagalnimada in si fiican loo mideeyo aaladaha GaN ee optoelectronic iyo aaladaha elektiroonigga ah ee Si mustaqbalka waxay sidoo kale ka dhigaysaa koritaanka GaN epitaxy ee silikoon mid soo jiidasho leh.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, sababtoo ah farqiga weyn ee joogtada ah ee udhaxeeya Si substrate iyo GaN, epitaxy kala duwan ee GaN on Si substrate waa epitaxy-ka weyn ee caadiga ah, waxayna sidoo kale u baahan tahay inay la kulanto dhibaatooyin taxane ah:

✔ Dhibaatada tamarta is dhexgalka dusha sare. Marka GaN uu ku kordho substrate Si, dusha sare ee Si substrate ayaa marka hore nitrid lagu samayn doonaa si loo sameeyo lakab silikoon nitride amorphous ah oo aan ku haboonayn nucleation-ka iyo kobaca cufnaanta sare ee GaN. Intaa waxaa dheer, dusha Si ayaa marka hore la xiriiri doona Ga, kaas oo daxaleynaya dusha sare ee Si substrate. Heerkulka sare, burburka dusha Si wuxuu ku faafi doonaa lakabka Epitaxial GaN si loo sameeyo dhibco silikoon madow.

✔ Isku-dheellitir la'aanta joogtada ah ee udhaxeysa GaN iyo Si waa weyn (~ 17%), taas oo u horseedi doonta samaynta qulqulo cufan oo cufan ah oo si weyn u yareynaya tayada lakabka epitaxial;

✔ Marka la barbar dhigo Si, GaN waxay leedahay isku xidhka balaadhinta kulaylka ka weyn (isku xidhka balaadhinta kulaylka GaN wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 5.6 × 10-6K-1, Si's balaadhinta kulaylku waa qiyaastii 2.6 × 10-6K-1), dildilaacana waxaa laga yaabaa in laga dhaliyo GaN lakabka epitaxial inta lagu jiro qaboojinta heerkulka epitaxial ilaa heerkulka qolka;

✔ Si wuxuu ula falgalaa NH3 heerkul sare si uu u sameeyo polycrystalline SiNx. AlN ma samayn karto xudun u janjeedha doorbida leh polycrystalline SiNx, taas oo u horseeda jihayn khalkhalsan oo ah lakabka GaN ee koray iyo tiro badan oo cillado ah, taasoo keentay tayada crystal liidata ee lakabka Epitaxial GaN, iyo xitaa dhibaato samaynta hal-crystalline lakabka epitaxial GaN [6].

Si loo xalliyo dhibaatada is-waafajin la'aanta shafka weyn, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay isku dayeen inay soo bandhigaan agabka ay ka midka yihiin AlAs, GaAs, AlN, GaN, ZnO, iyo SiC oo ah lakabyo daboolaya Si substrates. Si looga fogaado sameynta polycrystalline SiNx oo loo yareeyo saameynta xun ee tayada kristal ee agabyada GaN/AlN/Si (111), TMAl waxaa badanaa loo baahan yahay in la soo bandhigo wakhti go'an ka hor koritaanka epitaxial ee lakabka buffer AlN si looga hortago in NH3 ay la falgasho dusha sare ee Si ay u samayso SiNx. Intaa waxaa dheer, tignoolajiyada epitaxial sida tignoolajiyada substrate-ka qaabaysan ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si loo hagaajiyo tayada lakabka epitaxial. Horumarinta tignoolajiyadan waxay gacan ka geysaneysaa in la joojiyo sameynta SiNx ee isdhexgalka epitaxial, kor u qaadista kobaca laba-geesoodka ah ee lakabka epitaxial GaN, iyo hagaajinta tayada koritaanka lakabka epitaxial. Intaa waxaa dheer, lakabka AlN buffer ayaa la soo bandhigay si loo magdhabo walbahaarka xajinta ee ay sababtay kala duwanaanshaha fidinta kuleylka kuleylka si looga fogaado dildilaaca lakabka GaN epitaxial ee substrate silikoon. Cilmi-baarista Krost waxay muujineysaa inuu jiro xiriir togan oo u dhexeeya dhumucda lakabka AlN iyo hoos u dhigista cadaadiska. Marka dhumucda lakabka daboolku gaadho 12nm, lakabka epitaxial ee ka dhumucsan 6μm ayaa lagu kori karaa substrate silikoon iyada oo loo marayo nidaam korriin habboon iyada oo aan lakabka epitaxial dillaacin.

Dadaal dheer oo ay sameeyeen cilmi-baarayaashu ka dib, tayada lakabyada GaN epitaxial ee ku koray substrates silikoon ayaa si weyn loo wanaajiyay, iyo aaladaha ay ka midka yihiin transistor-ka saamaynta goobta, Schottky barrier ultraviolet detectors, LEDs buluug-cagaaran iyo laysarka ultraviolet ayaa sameeyay horumar la taaban karo.

Isku soo wada duuboo, maadaama qalabka caadiga ah ee GaN epitaxial substrates ay yihiin dhammaan epitaxy-ka kala duwan, dhammaantood waxay la kulmaan dhibaatooyin caadi ah sida isku-dheellitir la'aanta suufka iyo kala duwanaanshiyaha ballaaran ee isku-dhafka fidinta kulaylka ilaa heerar kala duwan. Qaybaha Epitaxial GaN ee isku midka ah ayaa xaddidan qaan-gaarnimada tignoolajiyada, iyo substrate-yada aan wali si ballaaran loo soo saarin. Qiimaha wax-soo-saarka ayaa sarreeya, cabbirka substrate-ka waa yar yahay, tayada substrate-ka maaha mid ku habboon. Horumarinta GaN-ga cusub ee epitaxial substrates iyo hagaajinta tayada epitaxial ayaa weli ah mid ka mid ah qodobbada muhiimka ah ee xaddidaya horumarka dheeraadka ah ee warshadaha GaN epitaxial.

IV. Hababka caadiga ah ee GaN epitaxy

MOCVD (Qaybta uumiga kiimikada)

Waxay u muuqataa in epitaxy-ga isku midka ah ee GaN substrates ay tahay doorashada ugu fiican ee GaN epitaxy. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, maadaama horudhacyada kaydinta uumiga kiimikadu ay yihiin trimethylgallium iyo ammonia, gaaska sidahana uu yahay hydrogen, heerkulka kobaca MOCVD ee caadiga ah waa 1000-1100℃, heerka kobaca MOCVD waa qiyaastii dhowr microns saacaddii. Waxay soo saari kartaa isdhexgalyo qotodheer oo heer atomi ah, kaas oo aad ugu habboon koritaanka heterojunctions, ceelasha quantum, superlatices iyo dhismayaal kale. Heerkeeda kobaca degdega ah, labbiska wanaagsan, iyo ku habboonaanta korriinka aagga weyn iyo kobaca qaybaha badan ayaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa wax soo saarka warshadaha.
MBE (molecular beam epitaxy)
Xagga molecular beam epitaxy, Ga waxay isticmaashaa il asal ah, iyo nitrogen firfircoon ayaa laga helaa nitrogen iyada oo loo marayo balasmaha RF. Marka la barbar dhigo habka MOCVD, heerkulka kobaca MBE wuxuu ku saabsan yahay 350-400 ℃ hoose. Heerkulka korriinka hoose wuxuu ka fogaan karaa wasakhowga qaarkood oo laga yaabo inay sababaan jawiga heerkulka sare. Nidaamka MBE wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa faakuum ultra-sare ah, kaas oo u oggolaanaya inuu dhexgalo habab badan oo lagu ogaanayo goobta. Isla mar ahaantaana, heerka korriimadeeda iyo awoodeeda wax soo saar lama barbar dhigi karo MOCVD, waxaana aad loogu isticmaalaa cilmi-baarista sayniska [7].

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Jaantuska 5 (a) Qorshaha Eiko-MBE (b) MBE qaabaynta qolka falcelinta muhiimka ah

Habka HVPE (Hyroodhide uumiga epitaxy)
Horudhaca habka hydride uumiga wajiga epitaxy waa GaCl3 iyo NH3. Detchprohm iyo al. loo isticmaalo habkan si uu u koro lakabka Epitaxial GaN ee boqollaal microns oo qaro weyn oo ku yaal dusha sare ee sapphire. Tijaabadooda, lakabka ZnO ayaa la koray inta u dhaxaysa sapphire substrate iyo lakabka epitaxial sida lakabka daboolka, iyo lakabka epitaxial ayaa laga soocay dusha sare ee substrate. Marka la barbardhigo MOCVD iyo MBE, qaabka ugu muhiimsan ee habka HVPE waa heerka kobaca sare, kaas oo ku habboon soo saarista lakabyo qaro weyn iyo alaabooyin badan. Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka dhumucda lakabka epitaxial uu dhaafo 20μm, lakabka epitaxial ee habkani soo saaro wuxuu u nugul yahay dildilaaca.
Akira USUI waxay soo bandhigtay tignoolajiyad substrate qaabaysan oo ku salaysan habkan. Waxay markii hore koreen dhuuban 1-1.5μm qaro weyn GaN lakabka epitaxial oo ku yaal substrate sapphire iyagoo isticmaalaya habka MOCVD. Lakabka epitaxial wuxuu ka kooban yahay 20nm dhumucdiisuna tahay 20nm lakabka kaydinta GaN oo ku koray xaaladaha heerkulka hooseeya iyo lakabka GaN oo lagu koray xaaladaha heerkulka sare. Dabadeed, 430 ℃, lakabka SiO2 ayaa lagu dhejiyay dusha sare ee lakabka epitaxial, iyo xariijimaha daaqadaha ayaa lagu sameeyay filimka SiO2 iyadoo sawirqaade ah. Fogaanshaha xariijimaha ayaa ahaa 7μm ballaciisuna wuxuu u dhexeeyay 1μm ilaa 4μm. Horumarkan ka dib, waxay heleen lakabka GaN epitaxial substrate sapphire dhexroor 2-inji ah kaas oo bilaa dillaac ah una siman sida muraayadda xitaa marka dhumucdu kordho tobanaan ama xitaa boqolaal microns. Cufnaanta cilladda ayaa laga dhimay 109-1010cm-2 ee habka HVPE ee dhaqameed ilaa 6 × 107cm-2. Waxay sidoo kale ku tilmaameen tijaabada in marka heerka korriinka uu dhaafo 75μm/h, dusha muunada ay noqon doonto mid qallafsan[8].

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Jaantuska 6 Jaantuska Substrate-ka Sawirka

V. Kooban iyo Muuqaal

Qalabka GaN wuxuu bilaabay inuu soo baxo 2014 markii iftiinka buluuga ah ee LED uu ku guuleystey abaalmarinta Nobel Prize ee Fiisigiska sanadkaas, oo uu galay goobta dadweynaha ee codsiyada dallacaadda degdegga ah ee macaamiisha elektiroonigga ah. Dhab ahaantii, codsiyada cod-weyneyaasha korantada iyo aaladaha RF ee lagu isticmaalo saldhigyada 5G ee dadka badankiisu aanay arki karin ayaa iyaguna si aamusnaan ah u soo baxay. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, horumarka aaladaha korantada heerka baabuurta ee ku saleysan GaN ayaa la filayaa inay u furto dhibcaha kobaca cusub ee suuqa codsiga agabka GaN.
Baahida suuqa weyn ayaa hubaal ah inay kor u qaadi doonto horumarinta warshadaha iyo tignoolajiyada la xidhiidha GaN. Iyada oo qaan-gaarnimada iyo hagaajinta silsiladda warshadaha ee la xidhiidha GaN, dhibaatooyinka ay la kulmaan tignoolajiyada Epitaxial GaN ee hadda jira ayaa ugu dambeyntii la wanaajin doonaa ama laga gudbi doonaa. Mustaqbalka, dadku waxay si hubaal ah u horumarin doonaan tignoolajiyada cusub ee epitaxial iyo xulashooyin substrate aad u wanaagsan. Waqtigaas, dadku waxay awoodi doonaan inay doortaan tiknoolajiyada cilmi-baarista dibadda ee ugu habboon iyo substrate ee xaaladaha codsiyada kala duwan iyadoo la raacayo sifooyinka xaaladaha codsiga, oo ay soo saaraan alaabooyinka la isku habeeyay ee ugu tartamaya.


Waqtiga boostada: Jun-28-2024
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