Cufnaanta tamarta ee baytariyada lithium mustaqbalka waxay gaari kartaa 1.5 jeer ilaa 2 jeer inta hadda la joogo, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in baytariyadu yaraanayaan. ]
Qiimaha dhimista batteriga lithium-ion waa ugu badnaan inta u dhaxaysa 10% iyo 30%. Way adag tahay in qiimaha kala badh la dhimo. ]
Laga soo bilaabo taleefannada casriga ah ilaa baabuurta korontada ku shaqeysa, tignoolajiyada batteriga ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u soo galaysa dhinac kasta oo nolosha ah. Haddaba, jihadee baytariga mustaqbalka horumarisa iyo isbeddelkee ayuu bulshada ku soo kordhin doonaa? Isaga oo su'aalahan maskaxda ku haya, weriyaha First Financial ayaa waraystay bishii hore Akira Yoshino, saynis yahan reer Japan ah oo ku guulaystay abaalmarinta Nobel Prize ee Kimistariga ee baytariyada lithium-ion sanadkan.
Fikradda Yoshino, baytariyada lithium-ion waxay wali xukumi doonaan warshadaha baytariga 10ka sano ee soo socda. Horumarinta tignoolajiyada cusub sida sirdoonka macmalka ah iyo internetka ee Waxyaabaha ayaa keeni doona isbedel "aan la malayn karin" in rajada codsiga ee baytariyada lithium-ion.
Isbeddel aan la qiyaasi karin
Markii Yoshino uu ogaaday ereyga "la qaadi karo", wuxuu ogaaday in bulshadu u baahan tahay baytari cusub. Sannadkii 1983-kii, baytarigii ugu horreeyay ee Lithium-ka adduunka waxa uu ku dhashay Japan. Yoshino Akira waxa uu soo saaray noocii ugu horeeyay ee batari lithium-ion ah oo dib la dalacsan karo, waxa uuna mustaqbalka wax weyn ka tari doonaa soo saarista baytariyada lithium-ion oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo talefannada casriga ah iyo baabuurta korontada mustaqbalka.
Bishii la soo dhaafay, Akira Yoshino ayaa wareysi gaar ah oo uu la yeeshay No. 1 Suxufiga Maaliyadda ku sheegay in ka dib markii uu ogaaday in uu ku guuleystay abaalmarinta Nobel Prize, uusan "ma laha dareen dhab ah." "Waraysiyadii oo dhamaystiran ayaa markii dambe iga dhigay mashquul, aadna uma farxi karin." Akira Yoshino ayaa yiri. "Laakin iyadoo maalinta abaalmarinta ee December ay soo dhowaaneyso, xaqiiqda abaal-marinaha ayaa sii xoogeysanaya."
30-kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, 27 aqoonyahan oo Jabbaan ah ama Jabbaan ah ayaa ku guulaystay abaalmarinta Nobel Prize ee Chemistry-ga, laakiin laba ka mid ah oo uu ku jiro Akira Yoshino, ayaa helay abaal-marinno cilmi-baarayaal shirkadeed ah. "Japan, cilmi-baarayaasha ka socda machadyada cilmi-baarista iyo jaamacadaha guud ahaan waxay helayaan abaal-marin, cilmi-baarayaal yar oo ka socda warshadaha ayaa ku guuleystay abaal-marin." Akira Yoshino ayaa u sheegay Saxafigii ugu horeeyay ee dhaqaalaha. Waxa kale oo uu carabka ku adkeeyay rajada laga filayo warshadaha. Waxa uu aaminsan yahay in ay jiraan cilmi-baaris heer-Nobel ah oo badan oo shirkadda ah, laakiin warshadaha Japan waa in ay hagaajiyaan hoggaankooda iyo waxtarkooda.
Yoshino Akira waxa uu aaminsan yahay in horumarinta tignoolajiyada cusub sida sirdoonka macmal ah iyo Internet of Things keeni doonaa isbedel "aan la malayn karin" in rajada codsiga ee baytariyada lithium-ion. Tusaale ahaan, horumarinta software-ku waxay dedejin doontaa habka naqshadaynta batteriga iyo horumarinta alaabta cusub, waxayna saameyn kartaa isticmaalka batteriga, u oggolaanaya in batteriga loo isticmaalo jawiga ugu fiican.
Yoshino Akira waxa kale oo uu aad uga walaacsan yahay ka qayb qaadashada cilmi-baadhistiisa xalinta arrimaha isbeddelka cimilada adduunka. Waxa uu u sheegay Saxafigii ugu horeeyay ee dhinaca Maaliyadda in lagu abaalmariyay laba arrimood. Midda koowaad waa in laga qayb qaato horumarinta bulsho guurguura oo caqli badan; Midda labaad waa in la bixiyo hab muhiim ah oo lagu ilaalinayo deegaanka caalamiga ah. "Ka qayb qaadashada ilaalinta deegaanka waxay noqon doontaa mid aad iyo aad u cad mustaqbalka. Isla mar ahaantaana, tani sidoo kale waa fursad ganacsi oo weyn." Akira Yoshino ayaa u sheegay wariye maaliyadeed.
Yoshino Akira ayaa u sheegay ardayda inta lagu guda jiro muxaadaro ka socota Jaamacadda Meijo oo ah borofisar kaas oo siinaya rajada sare ee dadweynaha ee isticmaalka tamarta dib loo cusboonaysiin karo iyo baytariyada si looga hortago kulaylka caalamiga ah, uu bixin doono Xogtiisa gaarka ah, oo ay ku jiraan fikradaha ku saabsan arrimaha deegaanka. ”
Yaa xukumi doona warshadaha batteriga
Horumarinta tignoolajiyada batteriga waxay dejisay kacaan tamareed. Laga soo bilaabo taleefannada casriga ah ilaa baabuurta korontada ku shaqeysa, tignoolajiyada baytarigu waa mid meel walba taagan, taasoo beddesha dhinac kasta oo nolosha dadka ah. Haddii batteriga mustaqbalka uu noqon doono mid aad u xoog badan iyo qiimaha hoose ayaa saameyn doona mid kasta oo naga mid ah.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, warshadaha waxaa ka go'an in ay hagaajiyaan badbaadada batteriga iyada oo la kordhinayo cufnaanta tamarta batteriga. Hagaajinta waxqabadka batteriga sidoo kale waxay caawisaa in wax laga qabto isbeddelka cimilada iyada oo la adeegsanayo tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo.
Fikradda Yoshino, baytariyada lithium-ion ayaa wali xukumi doona warshadaha batteriga 10ka sano ee soo socda, laakiin horumarinta iyo kor u kaca tignoolajiyada cusub waxay sidoo kale sii wadi doonaan xoojinta qiimeynta warshadaha iyo rajada. Yoshino Akira ayaa u sheegay First Business News in cufnaanta tamarta baytariyada lithium mustaqbalka laga yaabo inay gaaraan 1.5 jeer ilaa 2 jeer inta hadda la joogo, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in baytarigu yaraan doono. "Tani waxay yaraynaysaa walxaha sidaas awgeedna waxay yaraynaysaa kharashka, laakiin ma jiri doonto hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimaada qiimaha alaabta." Waxa uu yidhi, "Hoos u dhaca qiimaha baytariyada lithium-ion waa inta u dhaxaysa 10% iyo 30%. In la rabo in la dhimo qiimaha ayaa aad u dhib badan. ”
Qalabka elegtarooniga ah ma dalaci doona dhakhso mustaqbalka? Isagoo ka jawaabaya, Akira Yoshino wuxuu sheegay in taleefanka gacanta uu ka buuxsamay 5-10 daqiiqo, taas oo lagu gaaray shaybaarka. Laakiin dallacaadda degdegga ah waxay u baahan tahay koronto xooggan, taas oo saameyn doonta nolosha batteriga. Xaalado badan oo dhab ah, dadku uma baahna inay si gaar ah lacag u dallacaan.
Laga soo bilaabo baytariyadii hore ee acid-ashitada, ilaa baytariyada nikkel-metal hydride batari kuwaas oo ah tiir-dhexaadka shirkadaha Japan sida Toyota, ilaa baytariyada lithium-ion ee Tesla Roaster isticmaalay 2008, baytariyada dareeraha dhaqameed ee lithium-ion baytariyada awooda suuqa toban sano. Mustaqbalka, iska hor imaadka u dhexeeya cufnaanta tamarta iyo shuruudaha badbaadada iyo tignoolajiyada baytariga dhaqameed ee lithium-ion waxay noqon doontaa mid caan ah.
Isaga oo ka jawaabaya tijaabooyinka iyo badeecadaha batteriga dawlad-goboleed adag ee shirkadaha dibadda, Akira Yoshino wuxuu yiri: "Waxaan u maleynayaa in baytariyada adag ee gobolka ay u taagan yihiin jihada mustaqbalka, welina waxaa jira boos badan oo horumar ah. Waxaan rajeynayaa inaan dhawaan arko horumar cusub."
Waxa uu sidoo kale sheegay in baytariyada adag ee gobolka ay la mid yihiin tignoolajiyada iyo baytariyada lithium-ion. "Iyada oo loo marayo horumarinta tignoolajiyada, xawaaraha dabaasha lithium ion wuxuu ugu dambeyntii gaari karaa ilaa 4 jeer xawaaraha hadda." Akira Yoshino ayaa u sheegay wariye ka tirsan wargeyska First Business News.
Beteriyada adag ee gobolka waa baytariyada lithium-ion ee isticmaala elektrolyt-ka adag. Sababtoo ah electrolytes-ada adag waxay bedelaan elektrolytka organic ee suurtogalka ah ee qarxa ee baytariyada lithium-ion ee dhaqanka, tani waxay xallisaa labada dhibaato ee waaweyn ee cufnaanta tamarta sare iyo waxqabadka badbaadada sare. Electrolytes-ka adag waxaa loo isticmaalaa isla tamar Batari beddela electrolyte-ka ayaa leh cufnaanta tamarta sare, isla markaana leh awood weyn iyo waqti dheer oo la isticmaalo, taas oo ah isbeddelka horumarinta jiilka xiga ee baytariyada lithium.
Laakiin baytariyada adag ee gobolka sidoo kale waxay la kulmaan caqabado ay ka mid yihiin dhimista kharashyada, hagaajinta badbaadada korantada adag, iyo ilaalinta xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya korantada iyo korantada inta lagu jiro dallacaadda iyo bixinta. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, shirkado badan oo baabuurta waaweyn oo caalami ah ayaa si weyn u maalgashanaya R&D baytariyada gobolka adag. Tusaale ahaan, Toyota waxay horumarinaysaa baytari adag, laakiin kharashka lama shaacin. Hay'adaha cilmi-baaristu waxay saadaaliyeen in 2030, baahida batteriga dawlad- adag ee caalamiga ah la filayo inuu ku dhawaado 500 GWh.
Professor Whitingham, oo la wadaagay abaalmarinta Nobel Prize Akira Yoshino, ayaa sheegay in baytariyada adag ee gobolka ay noqon karaan kuwa ugu horreeya ee loo isticmaalo qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee yaryar sida telefoonnada casriga ah. "Sababtoo ah waxaa weli jira dhibaatooyin waaweyn oo ku saabsan adeegsiga nidaamyada waaweyn." Professor Wittingham ayaa yiri.
Waqtiga post: Dec-16-2019