Kugwirizana pakati pa graphite ndi semiconducto

Ndizolakwika kunena kuti graphite ndi semiconductor. m'madera ena ofufuza zam'malire, zida za carbon monga carbon nanotubes, mafilimu a carbon molecular sieve ndi mafilimu a carbon ngati diamondi (ambiri mwa iwo omwe ali ndi zofunikira zopangira semiconductor pansi pazifukwa zina) ndigraphite zipangizo, koma ma microstructure awo ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a graphite.

Mu graphite, pali ma elekitironi anayi mu chakunja wosanjikiza wa maatomu mpweya, atatu amene kupanga covalent zomangira ndi ma elekitironi a maatomu ena mpweya, kuti aliyense carbon atomu ali ndi ma elekitironi atatu kupanga covalent nsinga, ndi yotsalayo amatchedwa π ma elekitironi. . Ma elekitironi a π awa amayenda pafupifupi momasuka mu danga lapakati pa zigawo, ndipo kayendedwe ka graphite makamaka kumadalira ma electron awa. Kupyolera mu njira mankhwala, pambuyo mpweya mu graphite anasandulika chinthu khola, monga mpweya woipa, madutsidwe ndi wofooka. Ngati graphite ndi oxidized, ma elekitironi awa π adzakhala covalent zomangira ndi ma elekitironi maatomu mpweya, kotero iwo sangathenso kuyenda momasuka, ndipo madutsidwe adzakhala kwambiri yafupika. Izi ndi Conductive mfundo yagraphite conductor.

Makampani opanga ma semiconductor amapangidwa makamaka ndi mabwalo ophatikizika, ma optoelectronics, olekanitsa ndi masensa. Zida zatsopano za semiconductor ziyenera kutsatira malamulo ambiri kuti zilowe m'malo mwa zida zachikhalidwe za silicon ndikupambana kuzindikira msika. Photoelectric effect ndi Hall effect ndi malamulo awiri ofunika kwambiri masiku ano. Asayansi anaona quantum Hall zotsatira za graphene kutentha firiji ndipo anapeza kuti graphene si kubala mmbuyo kubalalitsa pambuyo kukumana zonyansa, kusonyeza kuti ali wapamwamba conductive properties. Komanso, graphene pafupifupi mandala ndi maso amaliseche ndipo ali kwambiri transparency. Graphene ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri owoneka bwino ndipo imasintha ndi makulidwe ake. Ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wa optoelectronics. Graphene ili ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino kwambiri ndipo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo ambiri, monga chophimba, capacitor, sensa ndi zina zotero.