Semiconductor na'urar ita ce ainihin kayan aikin masana'antu na zamani, ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kwamfutoci, na'urori masu amfani da lantarki, sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa, na'urorin lantarki, da sauran wuraren mahimmanci, masana'antar semiconductor galibi ta ƙunshi sassa huɗu na asali: haɗaɗɗun da'irori, na'urorin optoelectronic, na'ura mai hankali, firikwensin, wanda ke lissafin sama da 80% na haɗe-haɗe da da'irori, sau da yawa da semiconductor da hadedde kewaye daidai.
Haɗin da'irar, bisa ga nau'in samfurin an raba shi zuwa rukuni huɗu: microprocessor, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, na'urorin dabaru, sassan na'urar kwaikwayo. Duk da haka, tare da ci gaba da fadada filin aikace-aikace na na'urorin semiconductor, yawancin lokuta na musamman suna buƙatar semiconductor don samun damar yin amfani da babban zafin jiki, radiation mai karfi, babban iko da sauran wurare, kada ku lalata, ƙarni na farko da na biyu na kayan semiconductor ba su da ƙarfi, don haka ƙarni na uku na kayan semiconductor ya kasance.
A halin yanzu, da fadi da band rata semiconductor kayan wakiltasiliki carbide(SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), zinc oxide (ZnO), lu'u-lu'u, aluminium nitride (AlN) sun mamaye kasuwa mafi girma tare da fa'idodi mafi girma, tare da ake magana da su azaman kayan aikin semiconductor na ƙarni na uku. Na uku ƙarni na semiconductor kayan tare da fadi band rata nisa, da mafi girma da rushewar lantarki filin, thermal watsin, lantarki cikakken kudi da kuma mafi girma ikon yin tsayayya da radiation, mafi dace da yin high zafin jiki, high mita, juriya ga radiation da kuma high ikon na'urorin. , yawanci aka sani da faɗin bandgap semiconductor kayan (haramtaccen nisa band ya fi 2.2 eV), wanda kuma ake kira high zafin jiki da semiconductor kayan. Daga binciken da aka yi a yanzu akan kayan aikin semiconductor na ƙarni na uku da na'urori, silicon carbide da gallium nitride semiconductor kayan sun fi girma, kumafasahar siliki carbideshine mafi girma, yayin da bincike akan zinc oxide, lu'u-lu'u, aluminum nitride da sauran kayan yana cikin matakin farko.
Kayayyaki da Kayayyakinsu:
Silicon carbideAna amfani da kayan ko'ina a cikin yumbu ball bearings, bawuloli, semiconductor kayan, gyros, auna kida, Aerospace da sauran filayen, ya zama irreplaceable abu a da yawa masana'antu filayen.
SiC wani nau'i ne na superlattice na halitta kuma nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in halitta ne. Akwai fiye da 200 (a halin yanzu da aka sani) dangin polytypic na homotypic saboda bambanci a cikin jerin tattarawa tsakanin Si da C diatomic yadudduka, wanda ke kaiwa ga sifofin crystal daban-daban. Sabili da haka, SiC ya dace sosai don sabon ƙarni na diode mai fitar da haske (LED) kayan substrate, manyan kayan lantarki.
| hali | |
| dukiya ta jiki | Babban taurin (3000kg/mm), na iya yanke ruby |
| Babban juriya na lalacewa, na biyu kawai zuwa lu'u-lu'u | |
| Matsakaicin zafin jiki shine sau 3 sama da na Si kuma sau 8 ~ 10 sama da na GaAs. | |
| Zaman lafiyar thermal na SiC yana da girma kuma ba shi yiwuwa a narke a matsa lamba na yanayi | |
| Kyakkyawan aikin zubar da zafi yana da mahimmanci ga na'urori masu ƙarfi | |
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sinadaran dukiya | Juriya mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, mai juriya ga kusan kowane sanannen wakili mai lalata a zafin jiki |
| SiC surface sauƙi oxidizes don samar da SiO, bakin ciki Layer, iya hana ta kara hadawan abu da iskar shaka, a Sama da 1700 ℃, fim ɗin oxide yana narkewa da sauri | |
| Matsakaicin adadin 4H-SIC da 6H-SIC kusan sau 3 na Si da sau 2 na GaAs: Rushewar ƙarfin filin lantarki tsari ne na girma sama da Si, kuma saurin motsin lantarki ya cika Sau biyu da rabi na Si. Matsakaicin bandeji na 4H-SIC ya fi na 6H-SIC fadi |
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-01-2022