What are fuel cell electric vehicles ?
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) is a vehicle with fuel cell as the power source or main power source. The electric energy generated by the chemical interaction of hydrogen and oxygen drives the vehicle. Compared with traditional cars, fuel cell electric vehicles add fuel cells and hydrogen tanks, and their electricity comes from hydrogen combustion. Only hydrogen can be added when working, without the need for external supplementary electric energy.
Composition and advantages of fuel cells
Fuel cell electric vehicle is mainly composed of fuel cell, high pressure hydrogen storage tank, auxiliary power source, DC/DC converter, driving motor and vehicle controller. The advantages of fuel cell vehicles are: zero emissions, no pollution, comparable driving range to conventional cars, and short time to add fuel (compressed hydrogen)
Fuel cell is the main power source of fuel cell electric vehicle. It is an efficient power generation device which converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy directly by electrochemical reaction without burning fuel. A high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is a storage device for gaseous hydrogen used to supply hydrogen to fuel cells. To ensure that a fuel cell electric vehicle has enough driving range in one charge, multiple high-pressure gas cylinders are needed to store gaseous hydrogen. Auxiliary power source Due to the different design schemes of fuel cell electric vehicles, the auxiliary power source used is also different, can be used battery, flywheel energy storage device or super capacity capacitor together to form a dual or multiple power supply system. The main function of the DC/DC converter is to adjust the output voltage of the fuel cell, adjust the energy distribution of the vehicle, and stabilize the voltage of the vehicle DC bus. The specific selection of driving motor for fuel cell electric vehicles must be combined with the development objectives of the vehicle and the characteristics of the motor should be considered comprehensively. Vehicle controller The vehicle controller is the "brain" of fuel cell electric vehicles. On the one hand, it receives the demand information from the driver (such as ignition switch, accelerator pedal, brake pedal, gear information, etc.) to realize the vehicle operating condition control; On the other hand, based on the actual working conditions of the feedback (such as speed, braking, motor speed, etc.) and the status of the power system (voltage and current of the fuel cell and power battery, etc.), the energy distribution is adjusted and controlled according to the pre-matched multi-energy control strategy.
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