Isimiso sokusebenza kanye nezinzuzo ze-hydrogen fuel cell stack

I-Fuel cell wuhlobo lwedivayisi yokuguqula amandla, engaguqula amandla e-electrochemical kaphethiloli abe amandla kagesi. Ibizwa nge-fuel cell ngoba iyisisetshenziswa esiphehla amandla e-electrochemical kanye nebhethri. I-fuel cell esebenzisa i-hydrogen njengophethiloli iyi-hydrogen fuel cell. I-hydrogen fuel cell ingaqondwa njengokusabela kwe-electrolysis yamanzi ibe yi-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. Inqubo yokusabela ye-hydrogen fuel cell ihlanzekile futhi iyasebenza. I-hydrogen fuel cell ayikhawulelwe ukusebenza kahle kuka-42% komjikelezo weCarnot osetshenziswa enjinini yemoto yendabuko, futhi ukusebenza kahle kungafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-60%.

Ngokungafani namarokhethi, amaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen akhiqiza amandla e-kinetic ngokusabela okunobudlova kwe-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo, futhi akhulule amandla amahhala e-Gibbs ku-hydrogen ngokusebenzisa amadivaysi e-catalytic. Amandla wamahhala we-Gibbs amandla e-electrochemical afaka i-entropy neminye imibono. Isimiso sokusebenza se-hydrogen fuel cell ukuthi i-hydrogen ibola ibe ama-ion e-hydrogen (okungukuthi ama-proton) nama-electron nge-catalyst (Platinum) ku-electrode ephozithivu yeseli. Ama-ion e-hydrogen adlula kulwelwesi olushintshayo lwe-proton aye ku-electrode engalungile futhi umoya-mpilo uyasabela ukuze abe amanzi nokushisa, futhi ama-electron ahambisanayo ageleza esuka ku-electrode ephozithivu aye ku-electrode eyinegative ngokusebenzisa isekethe yangaphandle ukuze akhiqize amandla kagesi.

Kweisitaki se-fuel cell, ukusabela kwe-hydrogen ne-oksijini kuyenziwa, futhi kukhona ukudluliswa kwecala kule nqubo, okuholela ekwamanje. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-hydrogen ihlangana nomoya-mpilo ukuze ikhiqize amanzi.
Njengechibi lokusabela kwamakhemikhali, umnyombo wobuchwepheshe oyinhloko wesitaki samaseli kaphethiloli “ulwelwesi lokushintshana kwe-proton”. Izinhlangothi ezimbili zefilimu ziseduze nesendlalelo se-catalyst ukubola i-hydrogen ibe ama-ion ashajiwe. Ngenxa yokuthi i- molecule ye- hydrogen incane, ama- electron e- hydrogen angakwazi ukukhukhuleka aye kwelinye ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezincane zefilimu. Nokho, phakathi nenqubo ye- hydrogen ethwala ama- electron edlula emigodini yefilimu, ama- electron ayakhishwa kula ma- molecule, okushiya kuphela ama- hydrogen proton ane- positive ukuthi afinyelele komunye umkhawulo ngefilimu.
Amaprotheni e-hydrogenzikhangwa i-electrode ngakolunye uhlangothi lwefilimu futhi zihlanganiswe nama-molecule e-oxygen. Amapuleti e-electrode ezinhlangothini zombili zefilimu ahlukanisa i-hydrogen abe ama-ion e-hydrogen nama-electron amahle, bese ehlukanisa umoya-mpilo ube ama-athomu omoya-mpilo ukuze abambe ama-electron futhi awaguqule abe ama-ion oksijini (ugesi ongemuhle). Ama-electron akha umsinga phakathi kwamapuleti e-electrode, futhi ama-ion amabili e-hydrogen kanye ne-ion eyodwa yomoya-mpilo ahlangana akhe amanzi, okuba ukuphela “kodoti” enqubweni yokusabela. Empeleni, yonke inqubo yokusebenza iyinqubo yokukhiqiza amandla. Ngokuqhubeka kokusabela kwe-oxidation, ama-electron adluliswa ngokuqhubekayo ukuze enze okwamanje okudingekayo ukushayela imoto.