Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nuclear hydrogen kubhekwa kabanzi njengendlela ekhethwayo yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen enkulu, kodwa kubonakala kuthuthuka kancane. Ngakho, yini ukukhiqizwa kwe-nuclear hydrogen?
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-nuclear hydrogen, okungukuthi, i-nuclear reactor ehambisana nenqubo yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ethuthukisiwe, ukuze kukhiqizwe i-hydrogen ngobuningi. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kumandla enuzi kunezinzuzo zokungabi namagesi abamba ukushisa, amanzi njengempahla eluhlaza, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nezinga elikhulu, ngakho-ke kuyisixazululo esibalulekile sokuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen ngezinga elikhulu esikhathini esizayo. Ngokwezilinganiso ze-IAEA, i-reactor encane engu-250MW ingakhiqiza amathani angama-50 e-hydrogen ngosuku isebenzisa ukusabela kwe-nuclear lokushisa eliphezulu.
Umgomo wokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen emandleni enuzi ukusebenzisa ukushisa okukhiqizwa i-nuclear reactor njengomthombo wamandla okukhiqiza i-hydrogen, kanye nokukhiqiza ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen okuphumelelayo nokukhulu ngokukhetha ubuchwepheshe obufanele. Futhi unciphise noma uqede ngisho nokukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa. Umdwebo wohlelo lokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka kumandla enuzi uboniswa esithombeni.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuguqula amandla enuzi abe amandla e-hydrogen, okuhlanganisa amanzi njengempahla eluhlaza ngokusebenzisa i-electrolysis, umjikelezo we-thermochemical, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-steam electrolysis ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, i-hydrogen sulfide njengempahla eluhlaza eqhekeka ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen, igesi yemvelo, amalahle, i-biomass njengezinto zokusetshenziswa pyrolysis hydrogen. ukukhiqizwa, njll. Uma usebenzisa amanzi njengempahla eluhlaza, yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen ayikhiqizi i-CO₂, engaqeda ngokuyisisekelo ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa; Ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen kweminye imithombo kunciphisa kuphela ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi e-nuclear electrolysis kumane kuyinhlanganisela elula yokuphehla amandla enuzi kanye ne-electrolysis evamile, okuseyingxenye yomkhakha wokukhiqiza amandla enuzi futhi ngokuvamile akuthathwa njengobuchwepheshe bangempela bokukhiqiza i-hydrogen yenuzi. Ngakho-ke, umjikelezo we-thermochemical onamanzi njengempahla eluhlaza, ukusetshenziswa okugcwele noma okuyingxenye kokushisa kwenuzi kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-steam electrolysis kubhekwa njengokumelela isiqondiso sesikhathi esizayo sobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-nuclear hydrogen.
Njengamanje, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen emandleni enuzi: ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yamanzi e-electrolytic kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-thermochemical hydrogen. Ama-reactors enuzi ahlinzeka ngamandla kagesi namandla okushisa ngokulandelana kulezi zindlela ezimbili ezingenhla zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen.
I-Electrolysis yamanzi ukuze kukhiqizwe i-hydrogen iwukusebenzisa amandla enuzi ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi, bese ngokusebenzisa umshini wokusebenzisa amanzi ukuze kubole amanzi abe yi-hydrogen. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen ngamanzi e-electrolytic kuyindlela yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen eqondile, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yale ndlela (55% ~ 60%) kuphansi, ngisho noma ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kakhulu be-SPE water electrolysis bamukelwa e-United States, ukusebenza kahle kwe-electrolytic. inyuke yaba ngu-90%. Kodwa njengoba izimboni eziningi zamandla enuzi okwamanje ziguqula ukushisa kube ugesi kuphela ngokusebenza kahle okungama-35%, ukusebenza kahle kokugcina okuphelele kokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kusuka ku-electrolysis yamanzi kumandla enuzi kungu-30 kuphela%.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yamakhemikhali ashisayo kusekelwe kumjikelezo wamakhemikhali ashisayo, okuhlanganisa i-reactor yenuzi nedivaysi yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen yomjikelezo wamakhemikhali ashisayo, kusetshenziswa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elinikezwa i-reactor yenuzi njengomthombo wokushisa, ukuze amanzi abangele ukubola okushisayo ku-800 ℃. kuya ku-1000 ℃, ukuze kukhiqizwe i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen yamanzi e-electrolytic, ukusebenza kahle kwamakhemikhali e-thermo hydrogen kuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ngaphezu kwama-50%, izindleko ziphansi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-28-2023