Usuku lwabatshalizimali lukaTesla lwango-2023 lwalubanjelwe eGigafactory eTexas. I-CEO yakwaTesla u-Elon Musk wembula isahluko sesithathu se-"Master Plan" kaTesla -- ushintsho olunzulu emandleni asimeme, okuhloswe ngawo ukuzuza amandla asimeme angu-100% ngo-2050.
Uhlelo 3 luhlukaniswe lwaba yizici ezinhlanu ezibalulekile:
Ukushintshwa okugcwele ezimotweni zikagesi;
Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphampu okushisa ezindaweni zasekhaya, ezentengiselwano nezimboni;
Ukusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla okushisa okuphezulu namandla e-hydrogen aluhlaza embonini;
Amandla aqhubekayo ezindizeni nemikhumbi;
Nika amandla igridi ekhona ngamandla avuselelekayo.
Kulo mcimbi, bobabili uTesla noMusk banikeze i-hydrogen ngekhanda. I-Plan 3 iphakamisa amandla e-hydrogen njengento ebalulekile yokudla embonini. U-Musk uhlongoze ukusebenzisa i-hydrogen ukuze athathe indawo yamalahle ngokuphelele, futhi wathi inani elithile le-hydrogen lizodingeka ezinkambisweni eziphathelene nezimboni, ezidinga i-hydrogen futhi ingakhiqizwa yi-electrolysis yamanzi, kodwa nokho wathi i-hydrogen akufanele isetshenziswe ezimotweni.
Ngokusho kukaMusk, kunezindawo ezinhlanu zomsebenzi ohilelekile ekuzuzeni amandla ahlanzekile esimeme. Okokuqala ukuqeda amandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, ukufeza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ukuguqula igridi yamandla ekhona, ukufaka ugesi izimoto, bese ushintshela kumaphampu okushisa, nokucabanga ngendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa, indlela yokusebenzisa amandla e-hydrogen, futhi ekugcineni ucabange ngendlela yokufaka ugesi izindiza nemikhumbi, hhayi nje izimoto, ukuze kuzuzwe ugesi ogcwele.
U-Musk uphinde waveza ukuthi kunezinto eziningi esingayenza njengamanje, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukwenza i-hydrogen ngqo esikhundleni samalahle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi, insimbi encishisiwe eqondile ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zezimboni, futhi ekugcineni, ezinye izikhungo ku. izincibilikisi zingathuthukiswa ukuze kuzuzwe ukuncishiswa kwe-hydrogen ngokuphumelelayo.
"Uhlelo Olukhulu" luyisu elibalulekile likaTesla. Ngaphambilini, u-Tesla ukhiphe "I-Grand Plan 1" kanye "Ne-Grand Plan 2" ngo-Agasti 2006 noJulayi 2016, okwakuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi izimoto zikagesi, ukushayela okuzimele, amandla elanga, njll. Iningi lalezi zinhlelo zamasu ezingenhla ziye zafezeka.
Uhlelo lwesithathu luzibophezele emnothweni wamandla kagesi osimeme okuhloswe ngezinombolo ukuwufinyelela: amahora angama-terawatt angama-240 okugcina, amaterawathi angama-30 kagesi ovuselelekayo, utshalomali lwezigidigidi ezili-10 zamadola ekukhiqizeni, ingxenye yomnotho kaphethiloli ngamandla, ngaphansi kuka-0.2% womhlaba, U-10% we-GDP yomhlaba wonke ngo-2022, enqoba zonke izinselelo zezinsiza.
I-Tesla ingumkhiqizi wezimoto zikagesi omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni, futhi ukuthengiswa kwayo kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi okumsulwa bekusebenza kahle. Ngaphambi kwalokho, i-CEO ye-Tesla u-Elon Musk ubenokungabaza kakhulu mayelana namaseli e-hydrogen ne-hydrogen fuel, futhi waveza umbono wakhe esidlangalaleni "ngokuncipha" kokuthuthukiswa kwe-hydrogen ezinkundleni zokuxhumana eziningi.
Phambilini, uMusk wagcona igama elithi "Fuel Cell" ngele"Fool Cell" emcimbini ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kwe-Mirai hydrogen fuel cell yakwaToyota. I-hydrogen fuel ifanele amarokhethi, kodwa hhayi izimoto.
Ngo-2021, uMusk weseka i-CEO yakwaVolkswagen uHerbert Diess ngesikhathi eqhumisa i-hydrogen kuTwitter.
Ngo-Ephreli 1, 2022, uMusk wabhala ku-Twitter ukuthi uTesla uzosuka kugesi aye ku-hydrogen ngo-2024 futhi ethule i-hydrogen fuel cell Model H - empeleni, ihlaya lika-April Fool's Day likaMusk, futhi ehlekisa ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-hydrogen.
Engxoxweni ne-Financial Times ngoMeyi 10, 2022, uMusk wathi, "I-Hydrogen ingumqondo oyisiphukuphuku ongawusebenzisa njengokugcina amandla," wengeza, "I-Hydrogen akuyona indlela enhle yokugcina amandla."
Sekuyisikhathi eside uTesla engenazo izinhlelo zokutshala imali ezimotweni ze-hydrogen fuel cell. NgoMashi 2023, uTesla wafaka okuqukethwe okuhlobene ne-hydrogen ku-"Grand Plan 3" yayo egxile ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lomnotho wamandla esimeme, oluveze ukuthi uMusk noTesla baqaphela indima ebalulekile ye-hydrogen ekuguquleni amandla futhi basekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza.
Njengamanje, izimoto zomhlaba wonke ze-hydrogen fuel cell, ingqalasizinda esekelayo kanye nalo lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni zithuthuka ngokushesha. Ngokwezibalo zokuqala ze-China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, ekupheleni kuka-2022, isibalo sezimoto ezithwala uphethiloli emazweni amakhulu emhlabeni sesifinyelele ku-67,315, nokukhula konyaka ngama-36.3%. Isibalo sezimoto ezithwala uphethiloli sikhule sisuka ku-826 ngowezi-2015 saya ku-67,488 ngowezi-2022. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, izinga lokukhula kwenhlanganisela yonyaka lifinyelele ku-52.97%, elisesimeni sokukhula esizinzile. Ngo-2022, inani lokuthengiswa kwezimoto ezithwala uphethiloli emazweni amakhulu lafinyelela ku-17,921, lenyuka ngamaphesenti angama-9.9 unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokuphambene nokucabanga kukaMusk, i-IEA ichaza i-hydrogen ngokuthi "i-multifunctional energy carrier" enezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kuhlanganise nezimboni kanye nezokuthutha. Ngo-2019, i-IEA yathi i-hydrogen ingenye yezinketho ezihamba phambili zokugcina amandla avuselelekayo, ethembisa ukuba yinketho ebiza kakhulu yokugcina ugesi izinsuku, amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga. I-IEA yengeze ngokuthi kokubili amafutha e-hydrogen kanye ne-hydrogen-based angahambisa amandla avuselelekayo emabangeni amade.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi lomphakathi lubonisa ukuthi kuze kube manje, zonke izinkampani zezimoto eziyishumi eziphezulu ezinesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke sezingene emakethe yezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell, zivula isakhiwo sebhizinisi le-hydrogen fuel cell. Njengamanje, nakuba uTesla esasho ukuthi i-hydrogen akufanele isetshenziswe ezimotweni, izinkampani zezimoto eziyi-10 ezihamba phambili emhlabeni ngokuthengisa zonke zisabalalisa ibhizinisi le-hydrogen fuel cell, okusho ukuthi amandla e-hydrogen aqashelwe njengesikhala sokuthuthukiswa emkhakheni wezokuthutha. .
Okuhlobene: Iyini imiphumela yazo zonke izimoto ezithengisa kakhulu eziyi-10 ezibeka imijaho ye-hydrogen?
Sekukonke, i-hydrogen ingenye yezinkampani zezimoto ezihamba phambili emhlabeni ukukhetha umkhondo wekusasa. Njengamanje, ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo samandla kuqhuba uchungechunge lwemboni yamandla e-hydrogen emhlabeni wonke ukuthi lungene esigabeni esibanzi. Ngokuzayo, ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kobuchwepheshe bamaseli kaphethiloli, ukukhula ngokushesha kwesidingo esiphansi somfula, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kwebhizinisi kanye nesilinganiso sokumaketha, ukuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngomfula kanye nokuncintisana okuqhubekayo kwababambe iqhaza ezimakethe, izindleko kanye intengo yama-fuel cell izokwehla ngokushesha. Namuhla, lapho kukhuthazwa ukuthuthukiswa okusimeme, amandla e-hydrogen, amandla ahlanzekile, azoba nemakethe ebanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwamandla amasha kuzomele kube ngamaleveli amaningi, futhi izimoto zamandla e-hydrogen zizoqhubeka nokusheshisa ijubane lokuthuthuka.
Usuku lwabatshalizimali lukaTesla lwango-2023 lwalubanjelwe eGigafactory eTexas. I-CEO yakwaTesla u-Elon Musk wembula isahluko sesithathu se-"Master Plan" kaTesla -- ushintsho olunzulu emandleni asimeme, okuhloswe ngawo ukuzuza amandla asimeme angu-100% ngo-2050.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-13-2023