Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezwe lanamuhla, amandla angavuseleleki aya ngokuya ephela, futhi umphakathi wesintu uya ngokuya uphuthuma ukusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo amelelwa “umoya, ukukhanya, amanzi kanye nenuzi”. Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, abantu banobuchwepheshe obuvuthwe kakhulu, obuphephile nobuthembekile bokusebenzisa amandla elanga. Phakathi kwazo, imboni ye-photovoltaic cell ene-silicon ephezulu yokuhlanzeka njengoba i-substrate ithuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, umthamo wezwe lami ofakiwe we-solar photovoltaic usudlule amagigawathi angama-250, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-photovoltaic sekufinyelele ku-266.3 billion kWh, okuwukunyuka okungaba ngama-30% unyaka nonyaka, namandla asanda kufakwa okukhiqiza amandla ayizigidi ezingama-78.42. ama-kilowatts, okunyuke ngo-154% unyaka nonyaka. Ekupheleni kukaNhlangulana, amandla afakiwe ahlanganisiwe wokuphehla ugesi we-photovoltaic ayengaba ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-470, esedlule amandla kagesi ukuze abe umthombo wamandla wesibili ngobukhulu ezweni lami.
Ngenkathi imboni ye-photovoltaic ikhula ngokushesha, imboni yezinto ezintsha ezisekelayo nayo ithuthuka ngokushesha. Izingxenye ze-quartz ezifanaizinsimbi ze-quartz, izikebhe ze-quartz, namabhodlela e-quartz ziphakathi kwazo, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-photovoltaic. Isibonelo, ama-quartz crucibles asetshenziselwa ukubamba i-silicon encibilikisiwe ekukhiqizeni izinduku ze-silicon kanye ne-silicon ingots; izikebhe ze-quartz, amashubhu, amabhodlela, amathangi okuhlanza, njll. zidlala umsebenzi wokuzala ekusakazeni, ukuhlanza kanye nezinye izixhumanisi zenqubo ekukhiqizeni amaseli elanga, njll, ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ze-silicon.
Izicelo eziyinhloko zezingxenye ze-quartz zokukhiqiza i-photovoltaic
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza amaseli e-solar photovoltaic, ama-silicon wafers afakwa esikebheni esilucwecwana, futhi isikebhe sibekwe phezu kokusekelwa kwesikebhe esilucwecwana ukuze sisakazeke, i-LPCVD nezinye izinqubo ezishisayo, kuyilapho i-silicon carbide cantilever paddle iyingxenye ebalulekile yokulayisha ukunyakaza. isisekelo sesikebhe esithwala ama-wafers e-silicon singena futhi siphuma esithandweni sokushisa. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe emfanekisweni ongezansi, i-silicon carbide cantilever paddle ingaqinisekisa ukugxila kwe-silicon wafer kanye neshubhu yesithando somlilo, ngaleyo ndlela yenze ukusakazeka nokudlula kufane kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ayingcolisi futhi ayiguquki emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, inokumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kokushisa kanye nomthamo omkhulu womthwalo, futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wamaseli we-photovoltaic.
Umdwebo wohlelo lwezingxenye ezibalulekile zokulayisha ibhethri
Enkambweni ethambile yokusabalalisa kokufika, isikebhe se-quartz sendabuko kanyeisikebhe esilucwecwanaukusekela isidingo sokubeka isicwecwana se-silicon kanye nokwesekwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kushubhu ye-quartz esithandweni sokusakaza. Enqubweni ngayinye yokusabalalisa, ukusekelwa kwesikebhe se-quartz esigcwele ama-silicon wafers kubekwe ku-silicon carbide paddle. Ngemuva kokuthi isigwedlo se-silicon carbide singene kushubhu ye-quartz, i-paddle izika ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze ibeke phansi isisekelo sesikebhe se-quartz kanye ne-silicon wafer, bese igijima kancane ibuyela emsuka. Ngemuva kwenqubo ngayinye, ukusekelwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kudinga ukususwa ku-isikhwama se-silicon carbide. Ukusebenza njalo okunjalo kuzodala ukuthi ukusekelwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kuguge isikhathi eside. Uma isikebhe se-quartz sisekela siqhekeka futhi siphuka, konke ukusekelwa kwesikebhe se-quartz kuzowa ku-silicon carbide paddle, bese kulimaze izingxenye ze-quartz, ama-silicon wafers nama-silicon carbide paddles ngezansi. I-silicon carbide paddle iyabiza futhi ayikwazi ukulungiswa. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, izodala ukulahlekelwa kwempahla enkulu.
Enqubweni ye-LPCVD, ngeke nje kuphela lezi zinkinga ezishiwo ngenhla zengcindezi yokushisa zibe khona, kodwa njengoba inqubo ye-LPCVD idinga igesi ye-silane ukuthi idlule esicwecweni se-silicon, inqubo yesikhathi eside izophinde yakhe i-silicon enamathela esisekelweni sesikebhe esilucwecwe kanye isikebhe esilucwecwana. Ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kwama-coefficients okunweba okushisayo kwe-silicon eboshiwe ne-quartz, ukusekelwa kwesikebhe kanye nesikebhe kuzoqhekeka, futhi ubude bempilo buzoncishiswa kakhulu. Ubude besikhathi sokuphila kwezikebhe ezijwayelekile zequartz nezisekelo zesikebhe kunqubo ye-LPCVD ngokuvamile ziba yizinyanga ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izinto zokusekela isikebhe ukwandisa amandla kanye nempilo yesevisi yokusekelwa kwesikebhe ukugwema izingozi ezinjalo.
Ngamafuphi, njengoba isikhathi senqubo kanye nenani lezikhathi zanda ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwamaseli elanga, izikebhe ze-quartz nezinye izingxenye zijwayele ukuqhekeka okufihliwe noma ngisho nokuphuka. Ukuphila kwezikebhe ze-quartz namashubhu e-quartz emigqeni yokukhiqiza evamile e-China cishe izinyanga ezi-3-6, futhi adinga ukuvalwa njalo ukuze kuhlanzwe, kulungiswe, futhi kushintshwe abathwali be-quartz. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlabathi se-quartz esihlanzekile kakhulu esisetshenziswa njengempahla eluhlaza yezingxenye ze-quartz okwamanje sisesimweni sokuhlinzekwa okuqinile kanye nesidingo, futhi intengo ibilokhu isebenza ezingeni eliphezulu isikhathi eside, okusobala ukuthi ayihambisani nokwenza ngcono ukukhiqizwa. ukusebenza kahle kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho.
I-silicone carbide ceramics"bonisa"
Manje, abantu baqhamuke nento esebenza kangcono yokushintsha izingxenye ze-quartz-silicon carbide ceramics.
I-silicon carbide ceramics inamandla amahle emishini, ukuzinza kokushisa, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana ne-oxidation, ukumelana nokushisa okushisayo kanye nokumelana nokubola kwamakhemikhali, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezishisayo ezifana ne-metallurgy, imishini, amandla amasha, nezinto zokwakha namakhemikhali. Ukusebenza kwayo kwanele futhi ukusabalalisa amaseli e-TOPcon ekukhiqizeni i-photovoltaic, i-LPCVD (i-low pressure chemical vapor deposition), i-PECVD (i-plasma chemical vapor deposition) nezinye izixhumanisi zenqubo yokushisa.
I-LPCVD i-silicon carbide boat support kanye nokwesekwa kwesikebhe se-silicon carbide okwandisiwe
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zendabuko ze-quartz, izisekelo zezikebhe, izikebhe, kanye nemikhiqizo yamashubhu eyenziwe ngezinto zobumba ze-silicon carbide inamandla aphakeme, ukuzinza okungcono kwe-thermal, akukho ukuguquguquka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, nempilo edlula izikhathi ezi-5 kunezinto ze-quartz, ezingase zibe ngcono kakhulu. ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenzisa kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla okubangelwa ukulungiswa kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula. Inzuzo yezindleko isobala, futhi umthombo wezinto zokusetshenziswa ubanzi.
Phakathi kwazo, i-reaction sintered silicon carbide (RBSiC) inezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-sintering, izindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, ukuminyana okuphezulu kwezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi cishe akukho kuncipha kwevolumu ngesikhathi sokusabela. Ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukulungiswa kwezingxenye zesakhiwo ezinobukhulu obukhulu neziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, ifaneleka kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo emikhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi njengezisekelo zesikebhe, izikebhe, ama-cantilever paddles, amashubhu omlilo, njll.
Izikebhe ze-silicon carbide waferfuthi babe nethemba elikhulu lentuthuko esikhathini esizayo. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi inqubo ye-LPCVD noma inqubo yokunwetshwa kwe-boron, impilo yesikebhe se-quartz iphansi ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi i-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa kwezinto ze-quartz ayihambisani naleyo ye-silicon carbide material. Ngakho-ke, kulula ukuphambuka ohlelweni lokufanisa nesibambi sesikebhe se-silicon carbide ekushiseni okuphezulu, okuholela esimweni sokuzamazama isikebhe noma ukuphula isikebhe. Isikebhe se-silicon carbide sithatha umzila wenqubo wokubumba ucezu olulodwa kanye nokucubungula okuphelele. Ukuma kwayo kanye nezidingo zokubekezelela isikhundla kuphezulu, futhi isebenzisana kangcono nesibambi sesikebhe se-silicon carbide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-silicon carbide inamandla amakhulu, futhi isikebhe mancane kakhulu amathuba okuba siphuke ngenxa yokushayisana komuntu kunesikebhe se-quartz.
Isikebhe se-silicon carbide wafer
I-tube yesithando somlilo iyingxenye eyinhloko yokudlulisa ukushisa kwesithando somlilo, edlala indima ekuvaleni nasekudlulisweni kokushisa okufanayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa namashubhu esithandweni somlilo se-quartz, amashubhu e-silicon carbide esithandweni ane-conductivity enhle yokushisa, ukufudumeza okufanayo, nokuzinza okuhle kokushisa, futhi ukuphila kwawo kungaphezu kokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-5 kwamashubhu e-quartz.
Isifinyezo
Ngokuvamile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokusebenza komkhiqizo noma izindleko zokusetshenziswa, izinto ze-silicon carbide ceramic zinezinzuzo eziningi kunezinto ze-quartz ezicini ezithile zensimu yeseli yelanga. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-silicon carbide ceramic materials embonini ye-photovoltaic kuye kwasiza kakhulu izinkampani ze-photovoltaic ukunciphisa izindleko zokutshala izimali zezinto ezisizayo futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuncintisana. Ngokuzayo, ngokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwamashubhu esithandweni somlilo we-silicon carbide, izikebhe ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-silicon carbide nezisekelo zesikebhe kanye nokwehliswa okuqhubekayo kwezindleko, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zobumba ze-silicon carbide zobumba emkhakheni wamaseli e-photovoltaic kuzoba. isici esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla okukhanya nokunciphisa izindleko zemboni emkhakheni wokukhiqiza amandla we-photovoltaic, futhi kuzoba nomthelela obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-photovoltaic amandla amasha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-05-2024