Akulungile kakhulu ukusho ukuthi i-graphite iyi-semiconductor. kweminye imikhakha yocwaningo olusemngceleni, izinto zekhabhoni ezifana ne-carbon nanotubes, amafilimu e-carbon molecular sieve namafilimu ekhabhoni afana nedayimane (iningi lawo anezindawo ezibalulekile ze-semiconductor ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile)izinto ze-graphite, kodwa i-microstructure yabo ihluke kakhulu kunesakhiwo esivamile se-graphite enezingqimba.
Ku-graphite, kunama-electron amane ongqimbeni olungaphandle kakhulu lwe-athomu ye-carbon, amathathu awo akha izibopho ezihlangene nama-electron amanye ama-athomu ekhabhoni, ukuze i-athomu yekhabhoni ngayinye ibe nama-electron amathathu ukuze akhe izibopho ezihlangene, kanti lena esele ibizwa ngokuthi ama-electron angu-π. . Lawa ma-electron angu-π ahamba cishe ngokukhululeka esikhaleni esiphakathi kwezingqimba, futhi ukuqhutshwa kwegraphite kuncike kakhulu kulawa ma-electron. Ngezindlela zamakhemikhali, ngemva kokuba ikhabhoni eku-graphite iguqulwe ibe into ezinzile, njenge-carbon dioxide, ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity kuba buthaka. Uma i-graphite yenziwe i-oxidized, lawa ma-electron angu-π azokwakha izibopho ezihlangene nama-electron ama-athomu omoya-mpilo, ngakho-ke ngeke esakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululeka, futhi ukuqhutshwa kwe-conductivity kuzoncipha kakhulu. Lona umgomo we-Conductive weumqhubi we-graphite.
Imboni ye-semiconductor ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ngamasekethe ahlanganisiwe, ama-optoelectronics, ama-separators nezinzwa. Izinto ezintsha ze-semiconductor zidinga ukulandela imithetho eminingi ukuze zithathe indawo yezinto ze-silicon zendabuko futhi zizuze ukuqashelwa kwemakethe. Umphumela we-Photoelectric kanye ne-Hall effect yimithetho emibili ebaluleke kakhulu namuhla. Ososayensi baqaphele umphumela we-quantum Hall we-graphene ezingeni lokushisa legumbi futhi bathola ukuthi i-graphene ngeke ikhiqize ukuhlakazeka emuva ngemva kokuhlangabezana nokungcola, okubonisa ukuthi inezinto ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-graphene icishe ibonakale ngeso lenyama futhi inokucaca okuphezulu kakhulu. I-graphene inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokubona futhi izoshintsha ngokujiya kwayo. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni we-optoelectronics. I-graphene inezakhiwo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu futhi izosetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi, njengesikrini sokubonisa, i-capacitor, inzwa nokunye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-07-2022