Izinto zensimu ezishisayo ezijwayelekile: Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C

Izinhlanganisela ze-carbon-carbonziwuhlobo lwezinhlanganisela ze-carbon fibre, ezine-carbon fibre njengento yokuqinisa kanye nekhabhoni efakwe njenge-matrix material. I-matrix yeIzinhlanganisela ze-C/C yikhabhoni. Njengoba cishe yakhiwe ngokuphelele nge-elemental carbon, inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu futhi izuza ifa lezakhiwo eziqinile zemishini ye-carbon fiber. Kuye kwenziwa izimboni emkhakheni wezokuvikela ngaphambilini.

Izindawo zokufaka isicelo:

Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/Czitholakala maphakathi nochungechunge lwezimboni, futhi umfula okhuphukayo uhlanganisa i-carbon fibre kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-preform, futhi izinkambu zesicelo ezingezansi zibanzi ngokuqhathaniswa.Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/Casetshenziswa kakhulu njengezinto ezimelana nokushisa, izinto zokungqubuzana, nezinto zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Asetshenziswa ku-aerospace (ama-rocket nozzle emphinjeni, izinto zokuvikela ukushisa kanye nezingxenye ezishisayo zenjini), izinto zokubopha (isitimela esinesivinini esikhulu, ama-brake discs endiza), izindawo ezishisayo ze-photovoltaic (imiphongolo yokufakwa kwe-insulation, crucibles, amashubhu omhlahlandlela nezinye izingxenye), imizimba yebhayoloji (amathambo okwenziwa) nezinye izinkambu. Okwamanje, yasekhayaIzinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/Cizinkampani ikakhulukazi zigxila kusixhumanisi esisodwa sezinto ezihlanganisiwe futhi zidlulele ekuqondeni kwe-preform ekhuphukayo.

Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C zinokusebenza okuhle kakhulu okubanzi, nokuminyana okuphansi, amandla athile aphezulu, i-modulus ethize ephezulu, i-thermal conductivity ephezulu, i-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo, ukuqina okuhle kokuphuka, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokukhishwa kwe-ablation, njll. Ikakhulukazi, ngokungafani nezinye izinto; amandla ezinto eziyinhlanganisela ye-C/C ngeke ehle kodwa angakhula ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa. Iyinto enhle kakhulu ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa, ngakho-ke iqale ukwenziwa ngezimboni kuma-rocket throat liners.

I-C/C eyinhlanganisela yezinto izuza ifa lezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini kanye nezakhiwo zokucubungula ze-carbon fiber, futhi inokumelana nokushisa nokumelana nokugqwala kwegraphite, futhi isibe imbangi eqinile yemikhiqizo yegraphite. Ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wesicelo onezidingo zamandla aphezulu - inkambu eshisayo ye-photovoltaic, ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko nokuphepha kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C kuya ngokuya kugqama kakhulu ngaphansi kwama-wafers amakhulu e-silicon, futhi sekuyisidingo esiqinile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-graphite isiphenduke isengezo sezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-C/C ngenxa yomthamo olinganiselwe wokukhiqiza ohlangothini lokunikezela.

Isicelo senkambu eshisayo ye-Photovoltaic:

Inkambu eshisayo iyisistimu yonke yokugcina ukukhula kwe-silicon ye-monocrystalline noma ukukhiqizwa kwe-polycrystalline silicon ingots ezingeni lokushisa elithile. Idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanzekeni, ekufananeni nakwezinye izimfanelo ze-silicon ye-monocrystalline ne-polycrystalline silicon, futhi iyingxenye yangaphambili yomkhakha wokukhiqiza i-silicon. Inkambu eshisayo ingahlukaniswa ohlelweni lwensimu eshisayo ye-monocrystalline silicon single crystal edonsa isithando somlilo kanye nesistimu yensimu eshisayo yesithando somlilo se-polycrystalline ingot ngokusho kohlobo lomkhiqizo. Njengoba amaseli e-silicon e-monocrystalline esebenza kahle kakhulu ekuguquleni kunamaseli e-polycrystalline silicon, isabelo semakethe sama-wafers e-monocrystalline silicon siyaqhubeka nokukhula, kuyilapho isabelo semakethe sama-polycrystalline silicon wafers ezweni lami sehla unyaka nonyaka, sisuka ku-32.5% ngo-2019 saya ku-9.3% ngo-2020. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi bezinkundla ezishisayo basebenzisa kakhulu umzila wobuchwepheshe bensimu eshisayo yokudonsa kwekristalu eyodwa. amaziko.

Umfanekiso 2: Inkambu eshisayo ochungechungeni lwemboni yokukhiqiza i-silicon

Inkambu eshisayo yakhiwe ngezinto ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili, kanti izingxenye ezine eziwumgogodla yi-crucible, ishubhu lomhlahlandlela, isilinda sokushisa, kanye ne-heater. Izingxenye ezihlukene zinezidingo ezahlukene zezakhiwo ezibonakalayo. Umfanekiso ongezansi uwumdwebo wohlelo lwensimu eshisayo ye-silicon eyodwa yekristalu. I-crucible, ishubhu eliqondisayo, kanye nesilinda sokufakelwa yizingxenye zesakhiwo sesistimu yensimu eshisayo. Umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko uwukusekela yonke inkambu yokushisa eshisa kakhulu, futhi anezidingo eziphakeme zokuminyana, amandla, kanye ne-thermal conductivity. I-heater iyisici sokushisa esiqondile endaweni yokushisa. Umsebenzi wawo ukunikeza amandla ashisayo. Ivamise ukumelana, ngakho inezidingo eziphakeme zokumelana nezinto ezibonakalayo.