Ama-electrode ekhabhoni, ama-electrode egraphite kanye nama-electrode okuzibhakela kufanele asetshenziswe kanjani ngendlela efanele embonini yesithando somlilo esingaphansi kwamanzi?

Uhlobo, ukusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-electrode

Uhlobo lwe-Electrode

Ama-electrode e-Carbonaceous angahlukaniswa abe ama-electrode ekhabhoni, ama-electrode angamagraphite kanye nama-electrode aziphekela ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwawo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza.

I-carbon electrode yenziwe nge-low-ash anthracite, i-coke ye-metallurgical, i-pitch coke ne-petroleum coke. Yakhiwe ngesilinganiso esithile kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana. Lapho wengeza, i-asphalt ye-binder netiyela kuyaxutshwa, futhi ingxube inyakaziswa ngokulinganayo ekushiseni okufanele. Ukwakha, futhi ekugcineni kancane calcining ku-roaster. Ingahlukaniswa ngama-electrode emvelo e-graphite, ama-electrode e-graphite okwenziwa, ama-carbon electrode kanye nama-electrode ekhabhoni akhethekile.

I-graphite electrode (graphiteelectrode) yenziwe nge-petroleum coke kanye ne-pitch coke njengento eluhlaza, bese ifakwa esithandweni somlilo esine-graphitized kagesi esinokushisa kwe-2273 ~ 2773K, futhi senziwe i-graphite electrode nge-graphitization. I-electrode yegraphite iphinde ihlukaniswe yaba Uhlobo olulandelayo.

I-electrode yamandla e-graphite evamile ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode e-graphite anobuningi bamanje obungaphansi kuka-17 A/cm2, futhi isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izithando zamandla ezijwayelekile ezifana nokwenza insimbi, ukucwengwa kwe-silicon, ne-phosphorus ephuzi.

Ingaphezulu le-anti-oxidation coated graphite electrode limbozwe ungqimba oluyisivikelo (i-graphite electrode antioxidant) eqhubayo futhi imelana ne-oxidation yokushisa ephezulu, enciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kwensimbi (19%~50%) futhi yandise impilo yesevisi. ye-electrode (22% ~ 60%), ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-electrode.

I-electrode ye-graphite enamandla amakhulu ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode e-graphite anomthamo wamanje we-18 kuya ku-25 A/cm2, osetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-arc anamandla kagesi aphezulu ukwenza insimbi.

Ama-electrode egraphite anamandla aphezulu avumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-electrode egraphite anokuminyana kwamanje okukhulu kuno-25 A/cm2. Isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-ultra-high power steelmaking arc furnaces kagesi.

I-electrode yokuzibhakela (selfbakingelectrode) isebenzisa i-anthracite, i-coke, nebitumen netiyela njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, yenza ukunamathisela kwe-electrode ezingeni lokushisa elithile, bese ilayisha ukunamathisela kwe-electrode kukesi le-electrode elifakwe esithandweni sikagesi (njengoba kubonisiwe. ku-FIG. esithandweni ziyazenzela futhi ziphekwe. I-electrode enjalo ingasetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ingakhiwa ngokujoyina unqenqema olude oluseceleni futhi ingaxoshwa ibe ububanzi obukhulu. I-electrode yokubhaka isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni i-ferroalloy ngenxa yenqubo yayo elula nezindleko eziphansi.

Umfanekiso 1 Umdwebo ohleliwe wegobolondo le-electrode

Igobolondo le-electrode elingu-1; 2-izimbambo ucezu; Ulimi olunxantathu

Ukusebenza okuyinhloko kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-electrode

Izinto ze-electrode kufanele zibe nezinto ezilandelayo ze-physicochemical:

I-conductivity ingcono, i-resistivity incane, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kagesi, ukunciphisa ukwehla kwe-voltage enetha elifushane, nokwandisa i-voltage ephumelelayo ukwandisa amandla echibi elincibilikisiwe;

Iphuzu lokuncibilika liphezulu;

I-coefficient yokwanda okushisayo incane, lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha ngokushesha, akulula ukukhubazeka, futhi ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa akukwazi ukukhiqiza imifantu emihle ukuze kwandiswe ukumelana;

Yiba namandla anele emishini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu;

Ukungcola kuncane futhi ukungcola akungcolisi i-smelt.

Izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe ze-carbon electrode, i-electrode yegraphite kanye ne-electrode yokuziphekela ikhonjisiwe kuThebula 1 kanye neMifanekiso 2 no-3.

Ithebula 1 Ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe kwe-Electrode

Umdwebo 2 Ushintsho lwe-resistivity ye-carbon electrode ne-graphite electrode ngezinga lokushisa

Umfanekiso 3 I-Thermal conductivity ye-carbon ne-graphite electrode njengomsebenzi wezinga lokushisa

Ukukhethwa kwama-electrode embonini ye-ferroalloy

Ama-electrodes azibhaka asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuncibilikiseni i-iron alloy, ekucwengisiseni i-ferrosilicon, i-silicon chromium alloy, i-manganese silicon alloy, i-high carbon ferromanganese, i-high carbon ferrochrome, i-carbon ferromanganese ephakathi nephansi, i-carbon ferrochrome ephakathi nephansi, i-silicon calcium alloy, i-tungsten iron Linda . Ama-electrode okuzibhakela avame ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-alloys, amabhande ensimbi abe yikhabhoni, futhi akhiqize ama-alloys ensimbi nezinsimbi ezihlanzekile ezinokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi kakhulu. Uma i-carbon ferrochrome, i-silicon yezimboni nensimbi ye-manganese, i-carbon noma i-graphite electrode kufanele isetshenziswe.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分為碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙电极三种.

碳素电极(carbonelectrode)是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦為原料，按一定的比例和粒度组成.混合时加入黏结剂沥.青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀后压制成形，最后在焙烧炉缓慢焙烧制得。可分為天然石墨电极、人造石墨电极、碳电极以及特种碳素电极四类。

石墨电极(graphiteelectrode)以石油焦和沥青焦為原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度為2273〜2773K的石墨化电阻炉中，经石墨化而制成石墨电极„石墨电极又分為以下几。

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于17A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢、炼硅、炼黄磷等的普通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层(石墨电极抗氧化剂),降低炼钢时的电极消耗(19%〜50%),延长电极的使用寿命(22%〜60%),降低电极的电能消耗。

高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度為18〜25A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢的高功率甉。

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于25A/cm2的石墨电极。主要用于超高功率炼钢电。

自焙电极(selfbakingelectrode)用无烟煤、焦炭以及沥青和焦油为原料，在一定温度下制成电极糊，然后把电极糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中(如图1所示)，在电炉上的电极壳中(如图1所示)中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦化。边给结成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低,因