Ngokwezimboni, i-graphite yemvelo ihlukaniswa ibe yi-crystalline graphite kanye ne-cryptocrystalline graphite ngokuvumelana nefomu lekristalu. I-crystalline graphite icwebezeliswe kangcono, futhi ububanzi be-crystal plate yi->1 μm, ekhiqizwa kakhulu yikristalu eyodwa noma i-crystal engenalutho. I-Crystalline graphite ingenye yezimbiwa zamasu angama-24 kuleli. Ukuhlolwa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-graphite kufakwe ohlwini ku-National Mineral Resources Planning (2016-2020) okokuqala ngqa. Ukubaluleka kwe-crystalline graphite kuholwa imiqondo efana nezimoto zamandla amasha kanye ne-graphene. Ukwanda okuphawulekayo.
Ngokusho kwe-US Geological Survey (USGS), ekupheleni kuka-2017, izindawo zokugcina ze-graphite emhlabeni zingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-270, ezisatshalaliswa kakhulu eTurkey, eChina naseBrazil, lapho iChina ibuswa yi-crystalline graphite kanti iTurkey i-cryptocrystalline graphite. I-cryptocrystalline graphite inenani eliphansi kanye namathemba okuthuthukiswa okulinganiselwe kanye nokusetshenziswa, ngakho i-crystalline graphite inquma iphethini ye-graphite yomhlaba wonke.
Ngokusho kwe-Chinese Academy of Sciences, i-crystalline graphite yase-China yenza ngaphezu kwama-70% engqikithi yomhlaba. Phakathi kwazo, izinsiza ze-crystalline graphite zeSifundazwe sase-Heilongjiang zingabalelwa ku-60% waseShayina kanye nangaphezulu kuka-40% womhlaba, okudlala indima ebalulekile. Abakhiqizi abakhulu emhlabeni be-crystalline graphite yiShayina, kulandele iNdiya neBrazil.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwensiza
Isizinda sokwakheka komhlaba se-crystalline graphite deposits ezindaweni ezihlukene zaseChina
Izici zesikali zamadiphozithi amakhulu e-crystalline graphite e-China kanye nesivuno sezikali ezinkulu (>0.15mm)
Isifunda sase-Heilongjiang
ISifundazwe sase-Heilongjiang sinokusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwe-graphite, futhi isahamba phambili eHegang naseJixi. Isifunda saso esisempumalanga siyichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke le-crystalline graphite ezweni, elinezinsimbi ezidumile ezinkulu nezinkulu kakhulu ezifana noJixi Liumao, uLuobei Yunshan noMuling Guangyi. Izimayini ze-graphite zitholakale emadolobheni angu-7 kwangu-13 esifundazweni. Izilinganiso zemithombo yezinsiza okungenani zingamathani ayizigidi ezingama-400, kanti izinsiza ezingaba khona zingamathani ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. U-Mudanjiang no-Shuangyashan banokutholwa okukhulu, kodwa ikhwalithi yezinsiza ibhekwa ngokugcwele. I-graphite yezinga eliphezulu isaphethwe uHegang noJixi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izinqolobane ezitholakalayo zegraphite esifundazweni zingafinyelela kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-1-150 (inani lemaminerali).
I-Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Izinqolobane ze-crystalline graphite e-Inner Mongolia zilandela i-Heilongjiang, zisakazwa kakhulu e-Inner Mongolia, e-Xinghe, e-Alashan nase-Baotou.
Ibanga lekhabhoni elingaguquki le-graphite ore endaweni ye-Xinghe ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-3% no-5%. Isikali sesikali singu->0.3mm, sibalwa cishe ngama-30%, kanti isikali singu->0.15mm, esingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-55%. Endaweni yase-Alashan, ukuthatha idiphozithi ye-graphite ye-Chahanmuhulu njengesibonelo, isilinganiso sebanga le-ore fixed carbon singama-5.45%, futhi izikali eziningi ze-graphite > 0.15 mm. Imayini ye-graphite endaweni yase-Chaganwendu e-Damao Banner endaweni yase-Baotou inesilinganiso se-carbon grade engashintshi esingu-5.61% kanye nobubanzi besikali obungu-<0.15mm amaningi.
Isifunda saseSichuan
Izinsiza ze-crystalline graphite esifundazweni saseSichuan zisatshalaliswa kakhulu e-Panzhihua, Bazhong nase-Aba Prefectures. Isilinganiso sebanga lekhabhoni engashintshi ku-graphite ore ezindaweni zasePanzhihua naseZhongba ngu-6.21%. I-ore ikakhulukazi izikali ezincane, futhi isikali sesikali asikho ngaphezu kuka-0.15mm. I-carbon grade engaguquki ye-crystalline graphite ore endaweni yaseNanjiang e-Bazhong City ingama-5% kuya ku-7%, eliphakeme kunawo wonke lingu-13%, kanti iningi lezikali ze-graphite > 0.15 mm. I-carbon grade engashintshi ye-graphite ore e-Aba Prefecture ingu-5% ~ 10%, futhi izikali eziningi ze-graphite zingu-<0.15mm.
Isifunda saseShanxi
Isifundazwe saseShanxi sithole imithombo engu-8 yezinqolobane zekristalu ezikhonjiwe zamaminerali e-crystalline graphite, asakazwa kakhulu endaweni yaseDatong. Isilinganiso sebanga lekhabhoni engaguquki ediphozini ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-3% no-4%, futhi iningi lezikali ze-graphite > 0.15 mm. Ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kwensimbi kukhombisa ukuthi isivuno esikhulu esihambisanayo singama-38%, njengemayini ye-graphite e-Qili Village, esifundeni sase-Xinrong, e-Datong.
Isifunda saseShandong
Izinsiza ze-crystalline graphite esifundazweni saseShandong zisatshalaliswa kakhulu eLaixi, ePingdu naseLaiyang. Ibanga elimaphakathi lekhabhoni engaguquki e-villa eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Lai licishe libe ngu-5.18%, kanti ububanzi bamakhasi amaningi e-graphite buphakathi kuka-0.1 no-0.4 mm. Ibanga elimaphakathi lekhabhoni engaguquki emayini yegraphite yaseLiugezhuang eDolobheni lasePingdu licishe libe ngu-3.34%, kanti ububanzi besikali ngokuvamile bungu-<0.5mm. Imayini ye-Pingdu Yanxin Graphite Mine inezinga eliphakathi lekhabhoni engaguquki elingu-3.5%, kanti isikali singu->0.30mm, sibalwa ku-8% kuya ku-12%. Kafushane, isilinganiso sebanga lekhabhoni engaguquki ezimayini zegraphite eShandong ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-3% no-5%, kanti ingxenye yezikali >0.15 mm ingu-40% kuya ku-60%.
isimo senqubo
Amadiphozithi e-graphite aseShayina anamabanga amahle ezimbonini, alungele ukumba izimayini, kanti izinga le-crystalline graphite alikho ngaphansi kuka-3%. Eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, ukukhiqizwa konyaka kwe-graphite eShayina kuphakathi kwamathani angu-60,000 no-800,000, lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-crystalline graphite kwenza cishe ama-80%.
Kunamabhizinisi angaphezu kwenkulungwane akhiqiza ama-graphite e-China, futhi imikhiqizo iyimikhiqizo yamaminerali e-graphite efana ne-carbon graphite ephakathi nendawo, ephezulu, i-graphite ehlanzekile kanye ne-fine powder graphite, kanye ne-graphite enwetshiwe ne-carbon materials. Imvelo yebhizinisi ngokuyinhloko iqhutshwa nguhulumeni, esakazwa kakhulu eShandong, Inner Mongolia, Hubei, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang nakwezinye izindawo. Ibhizinisi likahulumeni lezimayini ze-graphite linesisekelo esiqinile kanye nezinzuzo ezibalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe nezinsiza.
I-graphite isetshenziswa kabanzi ensimbi, i-metallurgy, i-Foundry, imishini yemishini, imboni yamakhemikhali neminye imikhakha ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe, amandla okusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha ze-graphite ezimbonini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengamandla amasha, imboni yenuzi, ulwazi lwe-elekthronikhi, i-aerospace nokuvikela ayacutshungulwa kancane kancane, futhi kuthathwa njengensiza yamasu edingekayo ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisafufusa. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-graphite yaseShayina isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni eziphikisayo, ukubunjwa, izigxivizo, i-graphite ekhethekile nezinye izinkambu, phakathi kwazo okusetshenziselwa izinto eziphikisayo kanye ne-castings.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni entsha yamandla, isidingo segraphite esikhathini esizayo sizoqhubeka nokwanda.
Isibikezelo sesidingo se-graphite saseChina ngo-2020
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-25-2019