Kutheni ireyithi yokusabela ye-Si kunye ne-NaOH ikhawuleza kune-SiO2?

Kutheni ireyithi yokusabela yeisiliconkunye nesodium hydroxide inokuyogqitha leyo yesilicon dioxide inokucazululwa kule miba ilandelayo:

Umahluko kumandla bond imichiza

▪ Isenzo sesilicon kunye nesodium hydroxide: Xa isilicon isabelana nesodium hydroxide, amandla e-Si-Si bond phakathi kweeathom zesilicon yi-176kJ/mol kuphela. Ibhondi ye-Si-Si iyaphuka ngexesha lokusabela, ekulula ukuyiqhawula. Ukusuka kwimbono yekinetic, ukusabela kulula ukuqhubeka.

▪ Isenzo sesilicon dioxide nesodium hydroxide: Amandla eSi-O phakathi kweathom yesilicon kunye neoksijini kwisilicon dioxide yi-460kJ/mol, engaphezulu. Kuthatha amandla aphezulu ukuphula ibhondi ye-Si-O ngexesha lokuphendula, ngoko ke ukuphendula kunzima ukwenzeka kwaye izinga lokuphendula licotha.

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusabela

▪ I<em>silicon idibana nesodium hydroxide: I<em>silicon idibana nesodium hydroxide kuqala ngokudibana namanzi ukuze ivelise ihydrogen neasilicic acid, emva koko i<em>silicic acid idibana nesodium hydroxide ukuze ivelise isodiyam silicate namanzi. Ngexesha lokusabela, ukusabela phakathi kwe-silicon kunye namanzi kukhupha ubushushu, obunokukhuthaza intshukumo ye-molecular, ngaloo ndlela idala indawo engcono ye-kinetic yokusabela kunye nokukhawulezisa izinga lokuphendula.

▪ I<em>silicon dioxide idibana ne<em>sodium hydroxide: I<em>silicon dioxide idibana ne<em>sodium hydroxide kuqala ngokudibana namanzi ukuze ivelise iasidi yesilicic, emva koko i<em>silicic acid idibana nesodium hydroxide ukuze ivelise i<em>sodium silicate. Ukusabela phakathi kwesilicon dioxide kunye namanzi kucotha kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo yokusabela ayibukhuphi ubushushu. Ukusuka kwimbono ye-kinetic, ayihambisani nokusabela ngokukhawuleza.

Izakhiwo zezinto ezahlukeneyo

▪ Ubume besilicon:Isiliconinesakhiwo esithile sekristale, kwaye kukho izikhewu ezithile kunye nokusebenzisana okubuthathaka ngokwentelekiso phakathi kweathom, okwenza kube lula kwisisombululo sesodium hydroxide ukunxibelelana nokusabela ngeeathom zesilicon.

▪ Ubume beisiliconidayoksayidi:isiliconI-dioksidi inesakhiwo sothungelwano sesithuba esizinzileyo.Isiliconiiathom kunye neeathom ze-oksijini zibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo ngamabhondi adibeneyo ukuze zenze isakhiwo sekristale esiqinileyo nesizinzileyo. Kunzima kwisisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuba singene ngaphakathi kwayo kwaye sidibanise ngokupheleleyo ii-athomu ze-silicon, okubangela ubunzima bokusabela ngokukhawuleza. Kuphela iiathom ze-silicon kumphezulu we-silicon dioxide amasuntswana zinokusabela nge-sodium hydroxide, ukunciphisa isantya sokuphendula.

Isiphumo seemeko

▪ Ukusabela kwe-silicon nge-sodium hydroxide: Phantsi kweemeko zokufudumeza, izinga lokuphendula kwe-silicon enesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide iya kukhawuleziswa kakhulu, kwaye ukusabela ngokuqhelekileyo kunokuqhubeka kakuhle kumaqondo aphezulu.

▪ Indlela isilicon dioxide esabela ngayo kwisodium hydroxide: I-silicon dioxide enesodium hydroxide isabela kancinane kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga lokuphendula liya kuphuculwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide.