I-Fuel cell luhlobo lwesixhobo sokuvelisa amandla, esiguqula amandla ekhemikhali kumafutha abe ngamandla ombane ngokusabela kwe-oxygen redox okanye ezinye ii-oxidants. Awona mafutha axhaphakileyo yihydrogen, enokuthi iqondwe njenge reverse reaction of water electrolysis to hydrogen and oxygen.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-rocket, i-hydrogen fuel cell ayivelisi amandla e-kinetic ngokusabela ngobundlobongela kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini yokutsha, kodwa ikhupha amandla asimahla e-Gibbs kwi-hydrogen ngesixhobo esinamandla. Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza kukuba i-hydrogen ichithwa kwii-electron kunye ne-hydrogen ions (iiprotoni) ngokusebenzisa i-catalyst (ngokuqhelekileyo iplatinum) kwi-electrode efanelekileyo yeseli yamafutha. Iiprotons zifikelela kwi-electrode engalunganga nge-membrane yotshintshiselwano yeproton kwaye isabelane neoksijini ukwenza amanzi kunye nobushushu. Ii-electron ezihambelanayo zihamba ukusuka kwi-electrode efanelekileyo ukuya kwi-electrode engafanelekanga ngokusebenzisa isiphaluka sangaphandle ukuvelisa amandla ombane. Ayinayo ibhotile ye-thermal esebenzayo malunga ne-40% ye-injini yamafutha, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-hydrogen fuel cell kunokufikelela ngokulula ngaphezu kwe-60%.
Kwangoko kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amandla e-hydrogen aziwa ngokuba "yeyona ndlela yokugqibela" yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo zokungcoliseka kwe-zero, amandla avuselelekayo, i-hydrogenation ekhawulezayo, uluhlu olupheleleyo njalo njalo. Nangona kunjalo, ithiyori yobuchwephesha ye-hydrogen fuel cell igqibelele, kodwa inkqubela-phambili yoshishino ibuyele umva. Omnye wemingeni emikhulu yokukhuthaza kwayo kukulawula iindleko. Oku akubandakanyi kuphela iindleko zesithuthi ngokwawo, kodwa kunye neendleko zemveliso ye-hydrogen kunye nokugcinwa.
Ukuphuhliswa kweenqwelo ze-hydrogen fuel cell kuxhomekeke ekwakhiweni kwezibonelelo ze-hydrogen fuel ezifana nokuveliswa kwe-hydrogen, ukugcinwa kwe-hydrogen, ukuthuthwa kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-hydrogenation. Ngokungafaniyo neetram ezicocekileyo, ezinokuhlawuliswa kancinci ekhaya okanye kwinkampani, iimoto ze-hydrogen zinokuhlawuliswa kuphela kwisikhululo se-hydrogenation, ngoko ke imfuno yesikhululo sokutshaja ingxamiseke ngakumbi. Ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi epheleleyo ye-hydrogenation, ukuphuhliswa kweshishini le-hydrogen imoto akunakwenzeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-02-2021