Yintoni imveliso ye-hydrogen yenyukliya?

Imveliso ye-hydrogen yenyukliya ithathwa ngokubanzi njengeyona ndlela ikhethwayo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen enkulu, kodwa ibonakala iqhuba kancinane. Ke, yintoni imveliso ye-hydrogen yenyukliya?

Imveliso ye-hydrogen yenyukliya, oko kukuthi, i-reactor yenyukliya idityaniswa nenkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ehambele phambili, ukwenzela ukuveliswa ngobuninzi be-hydrogen. Imveliso yeHydrojeni evela kumandla enyukliya ineengenelo zokungabikho kweegesi ze-greenhouse, amanzi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye nezinga elikhulu, ngoko ke sisisombululo esibalulekileyo kunikezelo lwe-hydrogen enkulu kwixesha elizayo. Ngokoqikelelo lwe-IAEA, i-250MW encinci yereactor inokuvelisa iitoni ezingama-50 ze-hydrogen ngosuku kusetyenziswa ubushushu obuphezulu bokusabela kwinyukliya.

Umthetho-siseko wokuveliswa kwehydrogen kumandla enyukliya kukusebenzisa ubushushu obuveliswa sisixhobo sokwenza amandla enyukliya njengomthombo wamandla wemveliso yehidrojeni, kunye nokuqonda imveliso yehydrogen esebenzayo nenkulu ngokukhetha ubuchwepheshe obufanelekileyo. Kwaye kuncitshiswe okanye kupheliswe nokukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse. Umzobo weskim semveliso yehidrojeni evela kumandla enyukliya ubonisiwe kumzobo.

Zininzi iindlela zokuguqula amandla enyukliya kumandla e-hydrogen, kuquka amanzi njengezinto ekrwada ngokusebenzisa i-electrolysis, umjikelo we-thermochemical, ubushushu obuphezulu be-steam electrolysis ye-hydrogen ukuveliswa kwe-hydrogen, i-hydrogen sulfide njengento ekrwada ekrwada imveliso ye-hydrogen, igesi yendalo, amalahle, i-biomass njenge-pyrolysis hydrogen. imveliso, njl. Xa usebenzisa amanzi njengento ekrwada, yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ayivelisi i-CO₂, enokuphelisa ngokusisiseko ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse; Ukuvelisa i-hydrogen ukusuka kweminye imithombo kunciphisa kuphela ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi e-nuclear electrolysis yindibaniselwano elula yokuvelisa amandla enyukliya kunye ne-electrolysis eqhelekileyo, eseyenye indawo yokuvelisa amandla enyukliya kwaye ayijongwa njengeteknoloji yokwenyani yokuvelisa i-hydrogen yenyukliya. Ke ngoko, umjikelo we-thermochemical onamanzi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye kobushushu benyukliya kunye nobushushu obuphezulu be-electrolysis yomphunga kuthathwa njengokumela ikamva leteknoloji yokuvelisa i-hydrogen yenyukliya.

Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuvelisa i-hydrogen kumandla enyukliya: imveliso ye-hydrogen ye-electrolytic yamanzi kunye ne-thermochemical hydrogen production. Izixhobo zenyukliya zibonelela ngamandla ombane namandla obushushu ngokulandelelana kwezi ndlela zimbini zingasentla zokuvelisa i-hydrogen.

I-Electrolysis yamanzi ukuvelisa i-hydrogen kukusebenzisa amandla enyukliya ukuvelisa umbane, kwaye emva koko ngesixhobo se-electrolytic samanzi ukubola amanzi kwi-hydrogen. Ukuveliswa kweHydrojeni ngamanzi e-electrolytic yindlela yokuvelisa i-hydrogen ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-hydrogen yale ndlela (55% ~ 60%) iphantsi, nokuba iteknoloji ye-electrolysis yamanzi ye-SPE ephambili yamkelwe eUnited States, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-electrolytic. inyuswe ukuya kuma-90%. Kodwa njengoko uninzi lwezixhobo zamandla enyukliya ngoku luguqula ubushushu bube ngumbane ngokumalunga ne-35% ngokufanelekileyo, ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kokugqibela kwemveliso ye-hydrogen esuka kumbane wombane wamanzi kumandla enyukliya ngama-30% kuphela.

Imveliso ye-Thermal-chemical hydrogen isekwe kumjikelo we-thermal-chemicals, ukudibanisa i-reactor yenyukliya kunye nesixhobo sokuvelisa i-thermal-chemical hydrogen, kusetyenziswa ubushushu obuphezulu obunikezwa yi-reactor yenyukliya njengomthombo wobushushu, ukuze amanzi abangele ukubola kwe-thermal kwi-800 ℃ ukuya kwi-1000 ℃, ukuze kuveliswe ihydrogen kunye neoksijini. Xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso ye-hydrogen ye-electrolytic yamanzi, ukusebenza kwe-thermo chemical hydrogen kuphezulu, ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele ngaphezu kwe-50%, ixabiso liphantsi.