1.Yintoni amandla e-hydrogen
I-Hydrogen, eyona nto iphambili kwi-periodic table, inelona nani lisezantsi leeprotons, inye kuphela. Iathom yehidrojeni ikwayeyona incinci kwaye ikhaphukhaphu kuzo zonke iiathom. IHydrojeni ibonakala eMhlabeni ubukhulu becala ikwimo yayo edibeneyo, eyona ibalaseleyo kuwo ngamanzi, eyona nto isasazwe ngokubanzi kwindalo iphela.
IHydrojeni inexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu lokutsha. Thelekisa ubungakanani bobushushu obunikezelweyo ngokutshisa ubunzima obufanayo berhasi yendalo, ipetroli nehydrogen:
Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo,
Ukutshisa i-1 gram yegesi yendalo, ngokomlinganiselo, malunga ne-55.81 kilojoules yokushisa;
Ukutshisa i-1 gram yepetroli inika malunga ne-48.4 kilojoules yobushushu;
Ukutshisa i-1 gram ye-hydrogen inika malunga ne-142.9 kilojoules yobushushu.
Ukutshisa i-hydrogen kunika ubushushu obuphindwe ka-2.56 njengobuninzi begesi yendalo kunye nobushushu obuphindwe kayi-2.95 kunepetroli. Akunzima ukubona kwezi datha ukuba i-hydrogen inazo iimpawu ezisisiseko zamafutha afanelekileyo - ixabiso eliphezulu lokutsha!
Amandla e-Hydrogen ubukhulu becala akwi-secondary energy, eyona nto iphambili ikukuba ingqiqo, itekhnoloji kunye noqoqosho lunentsingiselo kunye nexabiso lokulinganisela kwendalo, ulawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Amandla esibini akwikhonkco eliphakathi phakathi kwabasebenzisi bamandla aphambili kunye nabasebenzisi bamandla, kwaye anokwahlulwa abe ziindidi ezimbini: enye “yinkqubo yomthombo wokusebenza”, enye “ngamandla aqulathe amandla omzimba”. Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba amandla ombane yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu "umthombo ukusebenza inkqubo", lo gama i-petroli, idizili kunye nekerosene zisetyenziswa kakhulu "eneji amandla umthombo".
Ukusuka kwimbono enengqiqo, ekubeni "imithombo yokusebenza kwenkqubo" inzima ukugcinwa ngokuthe ngqo kubuninzi obukhulu, izithuthi zokuthutha zanamhlanje ezinokuhamba okunamandla, njengeemoto, iinqanawa kunye neenqwelo-moya, azikwazi ukusebenzisa umthamo omkhulu wamandla ombane avela kumandla ombane. Endaweni yoko, banokusebenzisa kuphela isixa esikhulu "samandla aqulethe amandla" anjengepetroli, idizili, iparafini yenqwelomoya kunye negesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo.
Noko ke, isithethe sisenokungahlali sihleli, yaye isithethe sisenokungasoloko sisengqiqweni. Ngokunyuka kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezithuthi zombane kunye neenqwelo zombane ezixutywe, "umthombo wokusebenza kwenkqubo" unokuthatha indawo "yamandla aqukethe amandla". Ngokutsho kokuqiqa okunengqiqo, ngokusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo kwamandla e-fossil, izixhobo ekugqibeleni ziya kuphelelwa, kwaye "amandla aqukethe amandla" aya kubonakala ngokuqinisekileyo, phakathi kwawo amandla e-hydrogen ngummeli oyintloko.
Ihydrogen ininzi kwindalo, ibumba malunga nama-75 ekhulwini obunzima bendalo iphela. Ifumaneka kakhulu emoyeni, emanzini, kumafutha efosili kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zecarbohydrates.
I-Hydrogen inokusebenza kakuhle kokutsha, indawo ephezulu yokutshisa, uluhlu olubanzi olunokutsha, kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo sokutsha. Ngokombono wexabiso le-calorific kunye nokutsha, i-hydrogen ngokuqinisekileyo ikumgangatho ophezulu kunye namandla asebenzayo. Ukongeza, i-hydrogen ngokwayo ayinayo ityhefu. Ukongeza ekuveliseni amanzi kunye nenani elincinci le-hydrogen nitride emva kokutsha, ayiyi kuvelisa ukungcola okuyingozi kwi-ecology kunye nokusingqongileyo, kwaye akukho kukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide. Ke ngoko, amandla ehydrogen ngawamandla acocekileyo, abaluleke kakhulu kulawulo lwendalo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside.
2. Indima yamandla e-hydrogen
Amandla e-Hydrogen anekhonkco elikhulu lemizi-mveliso eligubungela ukulungiswa kwe-hydrogen, ukugcinwa, ukuthutha kunye nokufaka i-refueling, iiseli zamafutha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetheminali.
Kuveliso lwamandla, amandla e-hydrogen angasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane ococekileyo ukulungelelanisa imfuno yamandla kunye nokusombulula ukunqongophala kobonelelo lwamandla ngexesha leeyure eziphakamileyo.
Ekufudumeni, amandla e-hydrogen angaxutywa negesi yendalo, engomnye wemithombo embalwa yamandla ekhabhoni ephantsi enokukhuphisana nerhasi yendalo kwixesha elizayo.
Kwicandelo lezomoya, elikhupha iitoni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-900 zecarbon dioxide minyaka le, amandla ehydrogen yeyona ndlela yokuphuhlisa inqwelomoya enekhabhoni ephantsi.
Kwintsimi yomkhosi, i-hydrogen fuel cell ingasetyenziselwa kwintsimi yomkhosi ineenzuzo zokuzola, inokuvelisa ngoku okuqhubekayo, ukuguqulwa kwamandla aphezulu, yimeko ebalulekileyo ye-submarine stealth.
Izithuthi zamandla e-Hydrogen, iimoto zamandla e-hydrogen zisebenza kakuhle, zivutha ngokukhawuleza, ixabiso eliphezulu lekhalori, oovimba abaninzi kunye nezinye izibonelelo. Amandla e-Hydrogen anoluhlu olubanzi lwemithombo kunye nokusetyenziswa, okunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umlinganiselo wamandla efosili.
Ukuphucula inqanaba lophuhliso olucocekileyo kunye nokuphuhlisa amandla e-hydrogen ngumthwalo obalulekileyo wokwakha "i-multi-energy complementary" inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla, kunye neyona nto iphambili yokuqhuba ukuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokuphucula.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-19-2023