Iintlobo zeGrafite ekhethekileyo

Igraphite ekhethekileyo kukucoceka okuphezulu, ukuxinana okuphezulu kunye namandla aphezuluigraphiteimpahla kwaye inokumelana ne-corrosion egqwesileyo, uzinzo lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuhanjiswa kombane okukhulu. Yenziwe ngegraphite yendalo okanye eyenziweyo emva konyango lobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo zoshishino kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neendawo ezinobungozi.
Inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo kubandakanywa isostaticiibhloko zegraphite, iibhloko zegraphite ezikhutshiweyo, ezibunjiweyoiibhloko zegraphitekwaye ingcangcazeleiibhloko zegraphite.

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Igraphitesisiqalelo esingeyiyo isinyithi esikhethekileyo esiqulunqwe ziiathom zekhabhoni ezicwangciswe kwisakhiwo seletile esinehexagonal. Yimpahla ethambileyo kunye ne-brittle esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa. Igraphite ingagcina ukomelela kunye nokuzinza nokuba kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-3600 °C. Ngoku makhe ndazise inkqubo yokuvelisa igraphite ekhethekileyo.

Igraphite eIsostatic, Yenziwe ngegraphite ecocekileyo ngokucinezela, yinto engenakuphinda isetyenziswe ekuveliseni iziko lekristale enye, i-metal continuous casting crystallizers crystallizers, kunye ne-graphite electrode yombane we-spark discharge machining. Ukongeza kwezi zicelo ziphambili, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimimandla ye-alloys enzima (i-vacuum furnace heaters, i-sintering plates, njl.), imigodi (ukwenziwa kwe-drill bit molds), ishishini lemichiza (abatshintshi bobushushu, iindawo ezinganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion), isinyithi (i-crucibles), kunye noomatshini (izitywini zoomatshini).

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Umgaqo weteknoloji yokucinezela isostatic usekwe kumthetho kaPascal. Itshintsha ukunyanzeliswa kwe-unidirectional (okanye i-bidirectional) yezinto eziphathekayo kwi-multi-directional (omnidirectional) yoxinzelelo. Ngethuba lenkqubo, iinqununu zekhabhoni zihlala zikwimeko ephazamisayo, kwaye ubuninzi bevolumu bufana neempawu ze-isotropic. Ngaphandle koko, ayixhomekeke kubude bemveliso, ngaloo ndlela yenza igraphite ye-isostatic ingabi nantlukwano encinci yokusebenza.
Ngokweqondo lobushushu apho ukubunjwa kunye nokuqina okwenzekayo, itekhnoloji yokucinezela ye-isostatic inokohlulwa ibe yicinezelo ebandayo ye-isostatic, uxinzelelo olushushu lwe-isostatic, kunye noxinzelelo olushushu lwe-isostatic. Iimveliso ezicinezelayo ze-Isostatic zinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo i-5% ukuya kwi-15% ephezulu kunezo zeemveliso ezicinezela i-unidirectional okanye i-bidirectional mold. Ubuninzi obunxulumene neemveliso ezicinezelayo ze-isostatic zinokufikelela kwi-99.8% ukuya kwi-99.09%.

Igraphite ebunjiweyo ineentsebenzo ezibalaseleyo kumandla omatshini, ukuxhathisa kwe-abrasion, ukuxinana, ukuqina kunye nokuhamba kombane kwaye le ntsebenzo inokuphuculwa ngakumbi ngokufaka i-resin okanye isinyithi.
Iimpawu zegraphite ezibunjiweyo zibonisa ukuhanjiswa kombane okuhle, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukucoceka okuphezulu, ukuzithambisa, ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye nomatshini ochanekileyo ochanekileyo, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimimandla yokuphosa okuqhubekayo, i-alloy eqinile kunye ne-electronic die sintering, i-spark yombane, itywina lomatshini, njl.

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Indlela yokubumba isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuvelisa igraphite ecinezelekileyo encinci okanye iimveliso ezenziwe kakuhle. Umgaqo kukugcwalisa inani elithile lokunamathisela kwi-mold yesimo esifunekayo kunye nobukhulu, kwaye usebenzise uxinzelelo oluvela phezulu okanye ngaphantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha, faka uxinzelelo oluvela kumacala omabini ukuze ucinezele intlama ibe yimilo ekubumbeni. Imveliso ecinezelweyo egqityiweyo emva koko ithotywe, ipholiswe, ihlolwe, kwaye ipakishwe.
Kukho oomatshini bokubumba abathe nkqo nabathe tye. Indlela yokubumba ngokubanzi inokucinezela kuphela imveliso enye ngexesha, ngoko inomgangatho ophantsi wemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, inokuvelisa iimveliso ezichanekileyo ezingenakukwenziwa ngezinye iiteknoloji. Ngaphezu koko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunokuphuculwa ngokucinezela ngaxeshanye ukubumba ezininzi kunye nemigca yokuvelisa ezenzekelayo.

Igraphite eyongeziweyo yenziwa ngokuxuba amasuntswana egraphite acocekileyo kunye ne-binder kwaye emva koko uwakhuphele kwi-extruder. Xa kuthelekiswa negraphite ye-isostatic, igraphite ekhutshiweyo inobungakanani bengqolowa oburhabaxa kunye namandla asezantsi, kodwa inomgangatho ophezulu we-thermal kunye nombane.
Okwangoku, uninzi lweemveliso zekhabhoni kunye negraphite ziveliswa ngendlela ye-extrusion. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokufudumeza kunye namacandelo okuqhuba i-thermal kwiinkqubo zonyango lobushushu obuphezulu. Ukongezelela, iibhloko zegraphite nazo zingasetyenziswa njenge-electrodes ukuqhubela phambili ukudluliselwa kwangoku kwiinkqubo ze-electrolysis. Ke ngoko, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengezitywina zoomatshini, izixhobo zokuqhuba i-thermal kunye nezixhobo ze-electrode kwiindawo ezigqithisileyo ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nesantya esiphezulu.

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Indlela ye-extrusion kukulayisha i-paste kwi-cylinder yokunamathisela yokushicilela kwaye uyikhuphe. Umshicileli uxhotyiswe ngendandatho ye-extrusion enokutshintshwa (inokutshintshwa ukutshintsha i-cross-sectional shape kunye nobukhulu bemveliso) phambi kwayo, kwaye i-baffle ehambayo inikezelwa phambi kwendandatho ye-extrusion. I-plunger ephambili yokushicilela ibekwe emva kwe-cylinder yokunamathisela.
Ngaphambi kokufaka uxinzelelo, faka i-baffle phambi kweringi ye-extrusion, kwaye usebenzise uxinzelelo olusuka kwelinye icala ukuze ucinezele intlama. Xa i-baffle isusiwe kwaye uxinzelelo luqhubeka lusetyenziswa, i-paste ikhutshwe kwindandatho ye-extrusion. Sika umgca okhutshiweyo kubude obufunwayo, upholile kwaye uhlolisise ngaphambi kokupakisha. Indlela ye-extrusion yinkqubo yokuvelisa i-semi-continuous, oku kuthetha ukuba emva kokuba inani elithile lokunamathisela lidityanisiwe, ezininzi (iibhloko zegraphite, izinto zegraphite) ziyakwazi ukukhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Okwangoku, uninzi lweemveliso zekhabhoni kunye negraphite ziveliswa ngendlela ye-extrusion.

Igraphite eshukumayo inesakhiwo esifanayo kunye nobukhulu obuziinkozo obuphakathi. Ngaphandle koko, idume kakhulu ngenxa yothuthu oluphantsi, amandla omatshini aphuculweyo, kunye nokuzinza okuhle kombane kunye ne-thermal, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukusetyenzwa kwemisebenzi emikhulu. Inokomelezwa ngakumbi emva kokufakwa kwe-resin okanye unyango lwe-anti-oxidation.
Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengento yokufudumeza kunye ne-insulation kwimveliso ye-polysilicon kunye ne-monocrystalline silicon furnaces kwishishini le-photovoltaic. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuveliseni ii-hoods zokufudumeza, amacandelo okutshintshisa ubushushu, ukunyibilika kunye nokuphosa ama-crucibles, ukwakhiwa kwee-n nodes ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-electrolytic, kunye nokuveliswa kwee-crucibles zokunyibilika kunye nokuxutywa.

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Umgaqo wokwenza i-graphite eshukumayo kukugcwalisa isikhunta ngomxube onjenge-paste, uze ubeke ipleyiti yentsimbi enzima phezu kwayo. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, izinto eziphathekayo zixutywe ngokugungqa isikhunta. Xa kuthelekiswa negraphite ekhutshiweyo, igraphite eyenziwe kukungcangcazela ine-isotropy ephezulu. iimveliso zegraphite ziveliswa ngendlela ye-extrusion.