Akuchanekanga kakhulu ukuthi igraphite yi-semiconductor. kweminye imimandla yophando esemdeni, imathiriyeli yekhabhoni enje ngecarbon nanotubes, iifilim zekhabhoni zemolekyuli zesefu kunye neefilim zekhabhoni ezifana nedayimane (uninzi lwazo zineempawu ezibalulekileyo zesemiconductor phantsi kweemeko ezithile) zezoizixhobo zegraphite, kodwa i-microstructure yabo yahluke kakhulu kwisakhiwo segraphite esiqhelekileyo.
Kwigraphite, kukho ii-electron ezine kumaleko angaphandle e-athom yekhabhoni, ezintathu zazo zenza ii-covalent bonds kunye nee-electron zezinye ii-athom zekhabhoni, ukuze iathom yecarbon nganye ibe neeelectron ezintathu zokwenza i-covalent bonds, kwaye enye eseleyo ibizwa ngokuba zii-electron π. . Ezi electron zihamba phantse ngokukhululekileyo kwisithuba esiphakathi kweeleya, kunye nokuqhutywa kwegraphite ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwezi electron. Ngeendlela zemichiza, emva kokuba i-carbon kwigraphite iguqulwe ibe yinto ezinzileyo, njenge-carbon dioxide, i-conductivity iyancipha. Ukuba igraphite i-oxidized, ezi electron ziza kwenza ii-covalent bonds kunye nee-electron ze-athom ze-oksijini, ukuze zingakwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Lo ngumgaqo wokuqhuba weumqhubi wegraphite.
Ishishini le-semiconductor ikakhulu liqulunqwe ziisekethe ezidibeneyo, i-optoelectronics, i-separators kunye ne-sensor. Izinto ezintsha ze-semiconductor kufuneka zilandele imithetho emininzi yokutshintsha izinto ze-silicon zemveli kwaye ziphumelele ukuqatshelwa kwemarike. Isiphumo se-Photoelectric kunye nesiphumo seHolo yimithetho emibini ebalulekileyo namhlanje. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zaqwalasela i-quantum Hall effect ye-graphene kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi kwaye yafumanisa ukuba igraphene ayiyi kuvelisa emva kokusasazeka emva kokudibana nokungcola, ebonisa ukuba ineempawu eziphezulu zokuqhuba. Igraphene ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-optical kwaye iya kutshintsha ngokutyeba kwayo. Ifanelekile kwisicelo kwintsimi ye-optoelectronics. Igraphene ineempawu ezininzi ezigqwesileyo kwaye iya kusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi, ezinje ngesikrini sokubonisa, i-capacitor, inzwa njalo njalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-07-2022