Isizathu se-graphite intonga ye-electrolysis

Isizathu se-graphite intonga ye-electrolysis

Iimeko zokwenza iseli electrolytic: DC unikezelo lwamandla. (1) Ubonelelo lwamandla eDC. (2) Ii-electrodes ezimbini. Ii-electrode ezimbini eziqhagamshelwe kwipali elungileyo yonikezelo lwamandla. Phakathi kwabo, i-electrode efanelekileyo edityaniswe ne-pole positive ye-power supply ibizwa ngokuba yi-anode, kwaye i-electrode edityaniswe nesibonda esibi sombane sibizwa ngokuba yi-cathode. (3) Isisombululo se-electrolyte okanye i-electrolyte etyhidiweyo.Electrolyteisisombululo okanye isisombululo 4, i-electrode ezimbini kunye ne-electrode reaction, i-anode (iqhagamshelwe kwipali echanekileyo yonikezelo lwamandla): i-anode ye-oxidation reaction (idityaniswe kwipali echanekileyo yonikezelo lwamandla): i-oxidation reaction cathode (idityaniswe kwipali engafanelekanga unikezelo lwamandla): ukucutha i-cathode yokusabela (iqhagamshelwe kwipali engalunganga yonikezelo lwamandla): ukusabela kokunciphisa (i-electrode engalunganga iqhagamshelwe): iqela lokunciphisa 1: iqela le-electrolysis 1: i-electrolysis CuCl2 anode cathode chlorine.
     Igraphiteyikristale yekhabhoni. Yimathiriyeli engeyiyo eyentsimbi enombala ongwevu wesilivere, ithambile kwaye icwebezelayo. Ubunzima be-Mohs yi-1-2, ubunzima obuthile yi-2.2-2.3, kwaye ubuninzi bayo bubuninzi buyi-1.5-1.8.
Indawo yokunyibilika yegraphite iqala ukuthamba xa ifikelela ku 3000 ℃ kwivacuum kwaye ithande ukunyibilika. Xa ifika kwi-3600 ℃, igraphite iqala ukujika ibe ngumphunga kwaye i-sublimate. Amandla ezinto eziqhelekileyo ayancipha ngokuthe ngcembe kubushushu obuphezulu, ngelixa amandla egraphite aphindwe kabini kubushushu begumbi xa bufudunyezwa ukuya kuma-2000 ℃. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa kwe-oxidation yegraphite kubi, kwaye izinga le-oxidation liyenyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu.
Iconductivity thermalkunye ne-conductivity yegraphite iphezulu kakhulu. I-conductivity yayo ngamaxesha angama-4 aphezulu kuneyensimbi engenasici, i-2 iphakamileyo ngaphezu kwekhabhoni yensimbi kunye namaxesha angama-100 aphezulu kunawo onke angeyona isinyithi. I-conductivity yayo ye-thermal ayigqithisi kuphela kwizinto zetsimbi ezifana nentsimbi, isinyithi kunye nelothe, kodwa iyancipha ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, elihluke kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zetsimbi. Igraphite ithande ukuba ne-adiabatic kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza kwe-thermal insulation ye-graphite inokwethenjelwa kakhulu kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu.
Igraphite ine-lubricity elungileyo kunye neplastiki. I-coefficient ye-friction ye-graphite ingaphantsi kwe-0.1. I-graphite inokuphuhliswa ibe ngamashiti aphefumlayo nacacileyo. Ubunzima begraphite ephezulu kakhulu kangangokuba kunzima ukucubungula ngezixhobo zedayimane.
Igraphite inozinzo lwekhemikhali, i-asidi kunyeukuxhathisa kwealkalikunye ne-organic solvent corrosion resistance. Ngenxa yokuba igraphite inezi mpawu zibalaseleyo zingasentla, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yanamhlanje.