Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-electrode yegraphite

Izinto ezibonakalayo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa i-graphite electrode

I-electrode ye-graphite yinto ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu be-graphite conductive imathiriyeli eveliswa yipetroleum knead, inaliti ye-coke njenge-aggregate kunye nebhitumene yamalahle njenge-binder, eveliswa ngoluhlu lweenkqubo ezinje ngokuxova, ukubumba, ukuqhotsa, ukumiliselwa, igraphitization kunye nokulungiswa koomatshini. impahla.

I-electrode yegraphite yinto ebalulekileyo ye-high-temperature conductive material kwi-steelmaking yombane. I-electrode yegraphite isetyenziselwa ukufaka amandla ombane kwisithando sombane, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu obuveliswa yi-arc phakathi kokuphela kwe-electrode kunye nentlawulo isetyenziswe njengomthombo wokushisa ukunyibilikisa intlawulo yokwenza isinyithi. Ezinye ii-ore ore ezinyibilikisa imathiriyeli enjenge-phosphorus etyheli, isilicon yeshishini, kunye ne-abrasives nazo zisebenzisa ii-electrode zegraphite njengezinto zokuqhuba. Iipropathi ezibalaseleyo nezikhethekileyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zegraphite electrode nazo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwamanye amacandelo oshishino.

Iimathiriyeli ekrwada yokuveliswa kwee-electrode zegraphite yi-petroleum coke, inaliti ye-coke kunye ne-coal tar pitch.

I-petroleum coke yimveliso eyomeleleyo enokutsha efunyenwe ngokufaka intsalela yamalahle kunye ne-petroleum pitch. Umbala umnyama kunye ne-porous, into ephambili yikhabhoni, kwaye umxholo womlotha uphantsi kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ungaphantsi kwe-0.5%. Ipetroleum coke yeyodidi lwekhabhoni eyenziwe lula. I-petroleum coke inoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kwiikhemikhali kunye namashishini e-metallurgical. Yeyona nto iphambili ekrwada yokuvelisa iimveliso zegraphite eyenziweyo kunye neemveliso zekhabhoni zealuminium ye-electrolytic.

I-petroleum coke inokohlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: icoke eluhlaza kunye necoke ene-calcined ngokweqondo lobushushu bonyango. I-coke yangaphambili ye-petroleum efunyenwe ngokulibaziseka i-coking iqulethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziguquguqukayo, kwaye amandla omatshini aphantsi. I-coke e-calcined ifunyanwa ngokubala kwe-coke eluhlaza. Uninzi lweendawo zokucoca e-China zivelisa kuphela i-coke, kwaye imisebenzi ye-calcination iqhutyelwa kakhulu kwizityalo zekhabhoni.

I-petroleum coke inokohlulwa ibe yicoke yesulphur ephezulu (equlethe ngaphezu kwe-1.5% isulfure), icoke yesulphur ephakathi (equlethe i-0.5% -1.5% yesulfure), kunye necoke yesulfure ephantsi (equlethe ngaphantsi kwe-0.5% yesulfure). Ukuveliswa kwee-electrode zegraphite kunye nezinye iimveliso zegraphite ezenziweyo ziveliswa ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa icoke yesulphur ephantsi.

Inaliti ye-coke luhlobo lwe-coke ekumgangatho ophezulu ene-fibrous texture ecacileyo, i-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal ephantsi kakhulu kunye ne-graphitization elula. Xa i-coke iphukile, inokwahlulwa ibe yimichilo emincinci ngokwendlela yokuthungwa (i-aspect ratio ngokubanzi ingaphezulu kwe-1.75). Isakhiwo se-anisotropic fibrous sinokujongwa phantsi kwe-microscope ye-polarizing, kwaye ngoko kuthiwa yi-coke yenaliti.

I-anisotropy ye-physico-mechanical properties ye-coke yenaliti ibonakala kakhulu. Inombane kunye ne-thermal conductivity ehambelana nolwalathiso olude lwe-axis ye-particle, kwaye i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal iphantsi. Xa i-extrusion ibumba, i-axis ende yeengqungquthela ezininzi zicwangciswe kwi-extrusion direction direction. Ke ngoko, inaliti ye-coke yeyona nto iphambili yemathiriyeli ekrwada yokwenza amandla aphezulu okanye i-electrode yegraphite ephezulu kakhulu. I-electrode yegraphite eveliswayo ine-resistivity ephantsi, i-coefficient encinci yokwandisa i-thermal kunye nokuchasana kakuhle kwe-thermal shock.

Inaliti ye-coke yohlulwe kwi-oyile-based coke yenaliti eveliswe kwintsalela yepetroleum kunye ne-coke yenaliti esekwe ngamalahle eveliswe kwizinto ezicokisiweyo zokugalela amalahle.

Itela yamalahle yenye yeemveliso eziphambili zokusetyenzwa nzulu kwetela yamalahle. Ingumxube wee-hydrocarbons ezahlukeneyo, ezimnyama kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, i-semi-solid okanye iqinile kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, akukho ndawo yokunyibilika esisigxina, ithambile emva kokufudumeza, kwaye iyancibilika, kunye nobuninzi be-1.25-1.35 g / cm3. Ngokwendawo yayo yokuthambisa, yahlulwe kubushushu obuphantsi, ubushushu obuphakathi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu be-asphalt. Ubushushu obuphakathi isivuno se asphalt yi 54-56% yetela yamalahle. Ukubunjwa kwe-tar yamalahle kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ehambelana neepropati ze-tar yamalahle kunye nomxholo we-heteroatoms, kwaye iphinda ichaphazeleke kwinkqubo ye-coking kunye neemeko zokucutshungulwa kwe-tar yamalahle. Zininzi izalathi ezibonisa ukuthambeka kwetha yamalahle, njengendawo yokuthambisa ibhitumene, i-toluene enganyibilikiyo (TI), i-quinoline insolubles (QI), amaxabiso e-coking, kunye ne-rheology ye-coal pitch rheology.

I-tar yamalahle isetyenziswe njenge-binder kunye ne-impregnant kwishishini lekhabhoni, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kunempembelelo enkulu kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nomgangatho wemveliso yeemveliso zekhabhoni. I-asphalt ye-binder ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa i-asphalt elungisiweyo ye-medium-temperature okanye i-medium-temperature modified point ene-moderate softening point, i-coking value ephezulu, kunye ne-β resin ephezulu. I-ejenti yokumitha i-asphalt yobushushu ephakathi enendawo yokuthambisa ephantsi, i-QI ephantsi, kunye neempawu ezintle ze-rheological.