[Tekanyo ea matla ea libeteri tsa lithium nakong e tlang e ka fihla makhetlo a 1.5 ho isa ho makhetlo a 2 ho feta hona joale, ho bolelang hore libeteri li tla fokola. ]
[Lebelo la ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa betri ea lithium-ion hangata le pakeng tsa 10% le 30%. Ho thata ho fokotsa theko ka halofo. ]
Ho tloha ho li-smartphones ho ea likoloing tsa motlakase, theknoloji ea betri butle-butle e kenella likarolong tsohle tsa bophelo. Joale, ke tataiso efe eo betri e tlang ho e hlahisa mme e tla tlisa liphetoho life sechabeng? Re nahanne ka lipotso tsena, motlalehi oa Pele oa Lichelete o ile a buisana le eena khoeling e fetileng Akira Yoshino, rasaense oa Lejapane ea ileng a hapa Moputso oa Nobel oa Chemistry bakeng sa libeteri tsa lithium-ion selemong sena.
Ho ea ka maikutlo a Yoshino, libeteri tsa lithium-ion li ntse li tla laola indasteri ea betri lilemong tse 10 tse tlang. Nts'etsopele ea mahlale a macha a kang bohlale ba maiketsetso le Marang-rang a Lintho a tla tlisa liphetoho "tse sa utloahaleng" ho tebello ea ts'ebeliso ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion.
Phetoho e sa lebelloang
Ha Yoshino a hlokomela lentsoe "portable", o ile a hlokomela hore sechaba se hloka betri e ncha. Ka 1983, betri ea pele ea lefats'e ea lithium e hlahile Japane. Yoshino Akira e hlahisitse prototype ea pele ea lefats'e ea betri ea lithium-ion e nchafalitsoeng, 'me e tla kenya letsoho ho nts'etsopele ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion tse sebelisoang haholo ho li-smartphone le likoloi tsa motlakase nakong e tlang.
Khoeling e fetileng, Akira Yoshino o ile a bua ka puisano e khethehileng le No. 1 Financial Journalist hore ka mor'a ho ithuta hore o hapile Moputso oa Nobel, "ha a na maikutlo a sebele." “Lipuisano tse felletseng hamorao li ile tsa etsa hore ke phathahane haholo, ’me ke ne ke sitoa ho thaba haholo.” Ho boletse Akira Yoshino. "Empa ha letsatsi la ho amohela likhau ka December le ntse le atamela, 'nete ea likhau e ntse e matlafala."
Lilemong tse 30 tse fetileng, litsebi tse 27 tsa Majapane kapa tsa Majapane li hapile Khau ea Nobel ea Chemistry, empa ke tse peli feela tsa tsona, ho kenyelletsa le Akira Yoshino, tse amohetseng likhau joalo ka bafuputsi ba mekhatlo. "Japan, bafuputsi ba litsi tsa lipatlisiso le liunivesithi ka kakaretso ba fumana likhau, 'me ke bafuputsi ba fokolang ba likhoebo tse tsoang indastering ba hapileng likhau." Akira Yoshino o ile a bolella Moqolotsi oa Litaba oa Pele oa Lichelete. O boetse a totobatsa litebello tsa indasteri. O lumela hore ho na le lipatlisiso tse ngata tsa boemo ba Nobel ka har'a k'hamphani, empa indasteri ea Japane e lokela ho ntlafatsa boetapele ba eona le katleho ea eona.
Yoshino Akira o lumela hore tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji e ncha e kang bohlale ba maiketsetso le Inthanete ea Lintho e tla tlisa liphetoho tse "sa nahaneng" ho tebello ea kopo ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion. Mohlala, nts'etsopele ea software e tla potlakisa ts'ebetso ea moralo oa betri le nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse ncha, 'me E ka ama ts'ebeliso ea betri, e lumellang betri hore e sebelisoe sebakeng se setle ka ho fetisisa.
Yoshino Akira o boetse o amehile haholo ka tlatsetso ea lipatlisiso tsa hae ho rarolla mathata a lefats'e a phetoho ea maemo a leholimo. O ile a bolella Moqolotsi oa Litaba oa Pele oa Lichelete hore o fuoe ka mabaka a mabeli. Ea pele ke ho kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea sechaba se tsamaeang ka bohlale; ea bobeli ke ho fana ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho sireletsa tikoloho ea lefatše. “Seabo ho sireletsa tikoloho se tla totobala haholoanyane nakong e tlang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ona ke monyetla o motle oa khoebo. ” Akira Yoshino o ile a bolella moqolotsi oa litaba oa lichelete.
Yoshino Akira o ile a bolella liithuti nakong ea puo ea Univesithi ea Meijo e le moprofesa ea faneng ka litebello tse phahameng tsa sechaba bakeng sa tšebeliso ea matla a tsosolositsoeng le libeteri e le mokhoa oa ho thibela ho futhumala ha lefatše, o tla fana ka Boitsebiso ba hae, ho akarelletsa le menahano ea litaba tsa tikoloho. ”
Ke mang ea tla laola indasteri ea betri
Tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea betri e hlahisitse phetoho ea matla. Ho tloha ho lifono tse bohlale ho isa ho likoloi tsa motlakase, theknoloji ea betri e fumaneha hohle, e fetola karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea bophelo ba batho. Hore na betri ea kamoso e tla ba matla le ho feta le litšenyehelo tse tlase li tla ama e mong le e mong oa rona.
Hajoale, indasteri e ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea betri ha e ntse e eketsa matla a betri. Ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea betri e boetse e thusa ho sebetsana le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo ka tšebeliso ea matla a tsosolositsoeng.
Ka maikutlo a Yoshino, libeteri tsa lithium-ion li ntse li tla laola indasteri ea betri lilemong tse 10 tse tlang, empa nts'etsopele le ho phahama ha mahlale a macha le hona ho tla tsoela pele ho matlafatsa boleng ba indasteri le litebello tsa eona. Yoshino Akira o ile a bolella First Business News hore matla a matla a betri ea lithium nakong e tlang a ka 'na a fihla ho makhetlo a 1.5 ho ea ho makhetlo a 2 hona joale, e leng se bolelang hore betri e tla fetoha e nyenyane. "Sena se fokotsa thepa 'me kahoo se fokotsa litšenyehelo, empa ho ke ke ha e-ba le phokotso e kholo ea theko ea thepa." O itse, "Phokotso ea litšenyehelo tsa libeteri tsa lithium-ion e pakeng tsa 10% le 30%. Ho batla ho fokotsa theko ho thata haholo. ”
Na lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki li tla tjhaja kapele nakong e tlang? Ha a arabela, Akira Yoshino o ile a re selefouno e tletse ka metsotso e 5-10, e finyelitsoeng ka laboratoring. Empa ho tjhaja ka potlako ho hloka voltage e matla, e tla ama bophelo ba betri. Maemong a mangata, ha e le hantle, batho ba kanna ba se hloke ho tjhaja ka potlako haholo.
Ho tloha ho libeteri tsa pele tsa asiti ea lead, ho ea ho libeteri tsa nickel-metal hydride tseo e leng tsona litšiea tsa mantlha tsa lik'hamphani tsa Majapane joalo ka Toyota, ho isa libeteri tsa lithium-ion tse sebelisitsoeng ke Tesla Roaster ka 2008, libeteri tsa lithium-ion tsa mokelikeli tsa setso li laola betri ea motlakase. marakeng lilemo tse leshome. Nakong e tlang, likhohlano lipakeng tsa matla a matla le litlhoko tsa polokeho le theknoloji ea betri ea lithium-ion ea setso e tla hlahella le ho feta.
Ha a arabela litekong le lihlahisoa tsa betri tsa boemo bo tiileng tse tsoang lik'hamphani tsa mose ho maoatle, Akira Yoshino o itse: "Ke nahana hore libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng li emela tataiso ea nakong e tlang, 'me ho ntse ho e-na le sebaka se seholo sa ntlafatso. Ke tšepa ho bona tsoelo-pele e ncha haufinyane. ”
O boetse a re libetri tsa boemo bo tiileng li tšoana le theknoloji ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion. "Ka ntlafatso ea theknoloji, lebelo la ho sesa ha lithium ion qetellong le ka fihla makhetlo a ka bang 4 ho feta lebelo la hona joale." Akira Yoshino o ile a bolella moqolotsi oa litaba ho First Business News.
Libetri tsa boemo bo tiileng ke libeteri tsa lithium-ion tse sebelisang li-electrolyte tse tiileng. Hobane li-electrolyte tsa boemo bo tiileng li nka sebaka sa electrolyte ea tlhaho e ka 'nang ea phatloha ka har'a libeteri tsa setso tsa lithium-ion, sena se rarolla mathata a mabeli a matla a phahameng a matla le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea polokeho. Li-electrolyte tsa boemo bo tiileng li sebelisoa ka matla a tšoanang Betri e nkang sebaka sa electrolyte e na le matla a phahameng a matla, ka nako e ts'oanang e na le matla a maholo le nako e telele ea ho sebelisa, e leng mokhoa oa tsoelo-pele oa moloko o latelang oa libeteri tsa lithium.
Empa libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng le tsona li tobana le mathata a kang ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea li-electrolyte tse tiileng, le ho boloka puisano pakeng tsa li-electrode le li-electrolyte nakong ea ho tjhaja le ho ntša. Hajoale, lik'hamphani tse ngata tse kholo tsa lefats'e tsa likoloi li tsetela haholo ho R&D bakeng sa libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng. Mohlala, Toyota e nts'etsapele betri ea naha e tiileng, empa litšenyehelo ha li senoloe. Litsi tsa lipatlisiso li bolela esale pele hore ka 2030, tlhoko ea betri ea boemo bo tiileng lefatšeng ka bophara e lebelletsoe ho atamela 500 GWh.
Moprofesa Whitingham, ea arolelaneng Moputso oa Nobel le Akira Yoshino, o boletse hore libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng e ka ba tsona tsa pele tsa ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse nyane joalo ka mehala e bohlale. "Hobane ho ntse ho na le mathata a maholo ts'ebelisong ea litsamaiso tse kholo." Moprofesa Wittingham o boletse.
Nako ea poso: Dec-16-2019