Linaha tse ntseng li eketseha li qala ho beha lipakane tsa leano la matla a haedrojene, 'me matsete a mang a shebile ntlafatso ea theknoloji ea hydrogen. EU le China ke tsona tse etellang pele nts'etsopele ena, li batla melemo ea pele ho theknoloji le meaho. Ho sa le joalo, Japane, Korea Boroa, Fora, Jeremane, Netherlands, New Zealand le Australia kaofela li lokolitse maqheka a matla a hydrogen le ho ntlafatsa merero ea lifofane ho tloha 2017. Ka 2021, EU e ile ea fana ka tlhokahalo ea leano la matla a hydrogen, e fana ka maikutlo a ho eketsa matla a ho sebetsa. tlhahiso ea haedrojene liseleng tsa electrolytic ho isa ho 6GW ka 2024 ka ho itšetleha ka moea le matla a letsatsi, le ho 40GW ka 2030, matla. tlhahiso ea haedrojene ho EU e tla eketsoa ho 40GW ka 40GW e eketsehileng kantle ho EU.
Joalo ka litheknoloji tsohle tse ncha, hydrogen e tala e tloha ho lipatlisiso tsa mantlha le nts'etsopele ho ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri, e bakang litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa yuniti le ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea moralo, kaho le ho kenya. Green hydrogen LCOH e na le likarolo tse tharo: theko ea sele ea electrolytic, theko ea motlakase e tsosolositsoeng le litšenyehelo tse ling tsa ts'ebetso. Ka kakaretso, litšenyehelo tsa lisele tsa electrolytic li etsa hoo e ka bang 20% ~ 25% ea hydrogen LCOH e tala, le karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea motlakase (70% ~ 75%). Litsenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso li batla li le nyane, hangata li ka tlase ho 5%.
Linaheng tsa machaba, theko ea matla a tsosolositsoeng (haholo-holo matla a letsatsi le moea) e theohile haholo lilemong tse 30 tse fetileng, 'me litšenyehelo tsa eona tse lekanang tsa matla (LCOE) li se li le haufi le tsa matla a mashala ($ 30-50 / MWh) , ho etsa hore lintho tse nchafalitsoeng li be le tlholisano ea litšenyehelo nakong e tlang. Litšenyehelo tsa matla a tsosolositsoeng li ntse li theoha ka 10% ka selemo, 'me ho pota 2030 litšenyehelo tsa matla a tsosolositsoeng li tla fihla ho $20 /MWh. Litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso li ke ke tsa fokotseha haholo, empa litšenyehelo tsa li-cell unit li ka fokotsoa 'me ho lebeletsoe hore ho be le litšenyehelo tse tšoanang tsa ho ithuta bakeng sa lisele tse kang matla a letsatsi kapa a moea.
Solar PV e ile ea ntlafatsoa lilemong tsa bo-1970 'me theko ea PV LCoEs ea letsatsi ka 2010 e ne e ka ba $500 /MWh. Solar PV LCOE e fokotsehile haholo ho tloha ka 2010 mme hajoale ke $30 ho $50 /MWh. Ka lebaka la hore theknoloji ea lisele tsa electrolytic e tšoana le tekanyo ea indasteri bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lisele tsa letsatsi la photovoltaic, ho tloha 2020-2030, theknoloji ea sele ea electrolytic e ka 'na ea latela tsela e tšoanang le lisele tsa photovoltaic tsa letsatsi ho latela litšenyehelo tsa litekanyetso. Ka nako e ts'oanang, LCOE bakeng sa moea e theohile haholo lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, empa ka palo e nyane (e ka bang 50 lekholong lebōpong la leoatle le karolo ea 60 lekholong la leoatle).
Naha ea rona e sebelisa mehloli ea matla a tsosolositsoeng (joalo ka matla a moea, photovoltaic, hydropower) bakeng sa tlhahiso ea haedrojene ea metsi a electrolytic, ha theko ea motlakase e laoloa ka 0.25 yuan / kWh ka tlase, litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ea haedrojene li na le katleho ea moruo (15.3 ~ 20.9 yuan / kg) . Lipontšo tsa tekheniki le tsa moruo tsa alkaline electrolysis le tlhahiso ea hydrogen ea PEM electrolysis li bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 1.
Mokhoa oa ho bala litšenyehelo oa tlhahiso ea haedrojene ea electrolytic e bontšoa ka li-equations (1) le (2). LCOE= ditjeho tse tsitsitseng/(hydrogen production quantity x life) + ditshenyehelo tsa tshebetso (1) Ditjeho tsa tshebetso = tlhahiso ya haedrojene tshebediso ya motlakase x theko ya motlakase + theko ya metsi + ditjeho tsa tlhokomelo ya thepa (2) Ho nka diporojeke tsa alkaline electrolysis le PEM electrolysis (1000 Nm3/h ) e le mohlala, nka hore nako eohle ea bophelo ba merero ke lilemo tse 20 'me bophelo ba ho sebetsa ke 9 × 104h. Theko e tsitsitseng ea sephutheloana sa sele ea electrolytic, sesebelisoa sa ho hloekisa haedrojene, tefiso ea thepa, tefiso ea kaho ea sechaba, tefo ea tšebeletso ea ho kenya le lintho tse ling li baloa ho 0.3 yuan / kWh bakeng sa electrolysis. Papiso ea litšenyehelo e bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 2.
Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa e meng ea tlhahiso ea haedrojene, haeba theko ea motlakase ea matla a tsosolositsoeng e le tlase ho 0,25 yuan / kWh, theko ea hydrogen e tala e ka fokotsoa hoo e ka bang 15 yuan / kg, e qalang ho ba le phaello ea litšenyehelo. Boemong ba ho se nke lehlakore ha carbon, ka phokotso ea litšenyehelo tsa phepelo ea matla a tsosolositsoeng, nts'etsopele e kholo ea merero ea tlhahiso ea haedrojene, phokotso ea tšebeliso ea matla a lisele tsa electrolytic le litšenyehelo tsa matsete, le tataiso ea lekhetho la khabone le maano a mang, tsela. ea ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa haedrojene e tala e tla hlaka butle-butle. Ka nako e ts'oanang, hobane tlhahiso ea haedrojene e tsoang mehloling ea matla a setso e tla kopanngoa le litšila tse ngata tse amanang le carbon, sebabole le chlorine, le litšenyehelo tsa ho hloekisa ka holimo le CCUS, theko ea sebele ea tlhahiso e ka feta 20 yuan / kg.
Nako ea poso: Feb-06-2023