Waa maxay wax soo saarka hydrogen nukliyeer?

Wax soo saarka hydrogen nukliyeerka ayaa si weyn loogu tixgaliyaa habka la door bidayo ee wax soo saarka hydrogen ee baaxadda leh, laakiin waxay u muuqataa inay si tartiib tartiib ah u socoto. Haddaba, waa maxay wax-soo-saarka hydrogen ee nukliyeerka?

Wax-soo-saarka hydrogen nukliyeerka, taas oo ah, fal-celinta nukliyeerka oo ay weheliso habka wax-soo-saarka hydrogen sare, ee wax-soo-saarka tirada badan ee hydrogen. Soosaarka hydrogen ee tamarta nukliyeerka ayaa leh faa'iidooyinka aan lahayn gaasaska aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo, biyaha sida alaabta ceeriin, waxtarka sare iyo baaxad weyn, sidaas darteed waa xal muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay sahayda hydrogen-ka ballaaran ee mustaqbalka. Marka loo eego qiyaasaha IAEA, reactor yar oo 250MW ah ayaa soo saari kara 50 tan oo hydrogen ah maalintii iyadoo la adeegsanayo falcelinta heerkulka sare ee nukliyeerka.

Mabda'a wax soo saarka hydrogen ee tamarta nukliyeerka waa in la isticmaalo kulaylka uu dhaliyo reactor nukliyeerka ilaha tamarta ee wax soo saarka hydrogen, iyo in la xaqiijiyo wax soo saarka hydrogen oo hufan oo baaxad leh iyadoo la dooranayo tignoolajiyada habboon. Iyo in la yareeyo ama xitaa baabi'iyo qiiqa gaaska aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo. Jaantuska jaantuska ee wax soo saarka hydrogen ee tamarta nukliyeerka ayaa lagu muujiyay shaxanka.

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Waxaa jira siyaabo badan oo tamarta nukliyeerka loogu beddelo tamarta hydrogen, oo ay ku jiraan biyaha sida alaabta ceeriin iyada oo loo marayo electrolysis, wareegga thermochemical, heerkulka sare ee uumiga electrolysis wax soo saarka hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide sida alaabta ceeriin dilaaca wax soo saarka hydrogen, gaaska dabiiciga ah, dhuxusha, biomass sida alaabta ceeriin pyrolysis hydrogen. wax soo saarka, iwm. Marka biyaha loo isticmaalo sida alaabta ceeriin, dhammaan habka wax soo saarka hydrogen ma soo saaro CO₂, taas oo asal ahaan baabi'in karta qiiqa gaaska aqalka dhirta lagu koriyo; Soo saarista hydrogen ka ilo kale waxay yaraynaysaa qiiqa kaarboonka. Intaa waxaa dheer, isticmaalka biyaha tamarta nukliyeerka nukliyeerka ayaa ah isku-dhafka fudud ee tamarta nukliyeerka iyo korantada dhaqameed, taas oo weli iska leh beerta tamarta nukliyeerka oo aan guud ahaan loo arkin tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka hydrogen ee dhabta ah. Sidaa darteed, wareegga heerkulbeegga ee biyaha sida alaabta ceeriin, isticmaalka buuxa ama qayb ahaan kulaylka nukliyeerka iyo heerkulka sare ee uumiga elektiroonigga ayaa loo arkaa inay matalaan jihada mustaqbalka ee tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka hydrogen nukliyeerka.

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Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira laba siyaabood oo waaweyn oo wax-soo-saarka hydrogen ee tamarta nukliyeerka: wax-soo-saarka hydrogen-ka ee biyaha electrolytic iyo wax-soo-saarka hydrogen kiimikaad. Reactors nukliyeerka waxay bixiyaan tamarta korantada iyo tamarta kulaylka siday u kala horreeyaan labada dariiqo ee kor ku xusan ee wax soo saarka hydrogen.

Electrolysis ee biyaha si loo soo saaro hydrogen waa in la isticmaalo tamarta nukliyeerka si ay u dhaliyaan koronto, ka dibna iyada oo loo marayo aaladda biyaha electrolytic si ay u jajabiyaan biyaha galay hydrogen. Wax-soo-saarka hydrogen ee biyaha korantada waa hab wax-soo-saar hydrogen oo toos ah, laakiin waxtarka wax-soo-saarka hydrogen ee habkan (55% ~ 60%) waa mid hooseeya, xitaa haddii tignoolajiyada ugu horumarsan ee SPE ee biyaha elektiroonigga ah laga qaato gudaha Mareykanka, waxtarka elektiroonigga ah ayaa la kordhiyey ilaa 90%. Laakiin maadaama inta badan dhirta tamarta nukliyeerka ay hadda u beddelaan kulaylka koronto ku dhawaad ​​​​35% waxtarka, wadarta guud ee waxtarka ugu dambeeya ee wax soo saarka hydrogen ee ka yimaada elektrolysis biyaha tamarta nukliyeerka waa 30%.

Wax-soo-saarka hydrogen-ku-kululku wuxuu ku salaysan yahay wareegga-kulul-kiimikada, isku-xidhka reactor-ka nukliyeerka iyo qalabka wax-soo-saarka hydrogen-ku-kulul-kiimikaad, iyadoo la isticmaalayo heerkulka sare ee ay bixiso reactor nukliyeerka ilaha kulaylka, si ay biyuhu u kiciyaan burburka kulaylka 800 ℃ ilaa 1000 ℃, si loo soo saaro hydrogen iyo oxygen. Marka la barbar dhigo wax-soo-saarka hydrogen-ka biyaha korantada, waxtarka wax-soo-saarka hydrogen kiimikaad heerkulku wuu sarreeyaa, wadarta guud ee waxtarka ayaa la filayaa inay gaadho in ka badan 50%, kharashkuna wuu hooseeyaa.


Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-28-2023
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