Sidee bay tahay in electrodes-ka carbon, graphite electrodes iyo electrodes is-dubida si sax ah loogu isticmaalo warshadaha foornada arc ee quusta?

Nooca, waxqabadka iyo isticmaalka korantada

Nooca korantada

Electrodes-ka Carbonaceous waxaa loo kala saari karaa electrodes-ka carbon, graphite electrodes iyo electrodes is-dubidda iyadoo loo eegayo isticmaalkooda iyo hababka wax soo saarka.

Electrode-ka kaarboonku waxa uu ka samaysan yahay anthracite-dambas-yar, kookaha birta ah, kookaha garoonka iyo kookaha batroolka. Waxay ka kooban tahay qayb iyo cabbir gaar ah. Marka lagu daro, asphalt-ka xiraha iyo daamurka ayaa isku dhafan, isku dar ah ayaa si siman loo walaaqayaa heerkul ku habboon. Samaynta, iyo ugu dambayntii si tartiib ah u xisaabinaya dubista. Waxa loo qaybin karaa electrodes garaafyada dabiiciga ah, electrodes graphite artificial, electrodes carbon iyo electrodes carbon gaar ah.

Electrode graphite (graphiteelectrode) waxa uu ka samaysan yahay coke petroleum iyo coke pitch sida walxo ceeriin ah, ka dibna waxa lagu dhejiyaa foornada iska caabbinta korantada garaafaysan oo leh heerkul ah 2273 ~ 2773K, waxaana laga sameeyaa graphite electrode by graphitization. Electrode graphite waxa loo sii kala qaybiyaa nooca soo socda.

Korantada garaafiga caadiga ah waxay u ogolaataa isticmaalka electrodes garaafyada leh cufnaanta hadda jirta oo ka yar 17 A/cm2, waxaana inta badan loo isticmaalaa foornooyinka korontada ee caadiga ah sida samaynta birta, nadiifinta silikoon, iyo fosfooraska jaalaha ah.

Dusha sare ee graphite electrode-ka-dahaarka leh waxaa lagu dahaadhay lakab ilaalin ah (graphite electrode antioxidant) kaas oo ah mid firfircoon oo adkaysi u leh oksaydhka heerkulka sare, taas oo yaraynaysa isticmaalka korantada inta lagu jiro samaynta birta (19% ~ 50%) waxayna kordhisaa nolosha adeegga Electrode-ka (22% ~ 60%), hoos u dhigista isticmaalka tamarta korantada.

Koronto-garafeedka awoodda-sare leh waxa uu oggolaadaa isticmaalka graphite electrodes oo leh cufnaanta hadda ee 18 ilaa 25 A/cm2, kaas oo inta badan loo isticmaalo foornooyinka koronto ee awoodda sare leh ee samaynta birta.

Electrodes garaafyada awooda sare ee aadka u sareeya waxay ogolaadaan isticmaalka graphite electrodes oo leh cufnaanta hadda ka weyn 25 A/cm2. Inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo birta tamarta aadka u sareysa ee foornooyinka korantada.

Electrode is-dubida (self-bakingelectrode) iyadoo la isticmaalayo anthracite, coke, iyo bitumen iyo daamur ahaan alaab ceeriin ah, samaynta koolada korantada ee heerkul gaar ah, ka dibna ku shubaya koolada korantada kiis elektrode ah oo lagu rakibay foornada koronto (sida muuqata. gudaha FIG is-xakameyn iyo coked. Electrode-ka noocan oo kale ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa si joogto ah, waxaana lagu samayn karaa iyada oo lagu biirinayo cidhifka dheer waxaana lagu ridi karaa dhexroor weyn. Electrode-ka is-dubida ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa wax soo saarka ferroalloy sababtoo ah habka fudud iyo kharashka yar.

Jaantuska 1 Jaantuska jaantuska qolofta korantada

1-Qofka korantada; 2-qayb feeraha; 3-carrabka saddex-xagalka ah

Waxqabadka farsamada ugu weyn ee korantada

Walxaha korantada waa in ay lahaadaan sifooyinka physicochemical ee soo socda:

Conductivity waa ka sii wanaagsan yahay, iska caabintu waa yar tahay, si loo yareeyo khasaaraha tamarta korontada, la yareeyo hoos u dhaca shabagga gaaban, iyo kordhinta tamarta waxtarka leh si loo kordhiyo awoodda barkada dhalaalaysa;

Meesha dhalaalaysa waa sare;

Isku-dhafka fidinta kulaylku waa yar yahay, marka heerkulku si degdeg ah isu beddelo, ma fududa in la beddelo, iyo walbahaarka gudaha ee uu keeno isbeddelka heerkulka ma dhalin karo dildilaacyo fiican si loo kordhiyo caabbinta;

Hayso awood farsamo oo ku filan heerkulka sare;

Nijaastu way yar tahay, wasakhduna ma wasakhayso dhalaalka.

Tilmaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee farsamada kaarboonka, electrode graphite iyo electrode is-dubida ayaa lagu muujiyay shaxda 1 iyo jaantusyada 2 iyo 3.

Shaxda 1 Waxqabadka farsamada Electrode

Jaantuska 2 Isbeddelka iska caabinta ee electrode carbon iyo graphite electrode leh heerkulka

Jaantuska 3 Kulaylka kulaylka ee kaarboonka iyo graphite electrodes sida heerkulka heerkulka

Doorashada electrodes ee warshadaha ferroalloy

Electrodes-ka-dubidda ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dhalaalidda daawaha birta, nadiifinta ferrosilicon, silicon chromium alloy, daawaha silikoon manganese, ferromanganese carbon sare, ferrochrome carbon sare, dhexdhexaad iyo hoose ee ferromanganese, dhexdhexaad iyo hoose ee ferrochrome carbon, alloy silicon calcium, birta tungsten Sug . Electrodes-ka is-dubidda waxay u janjeeraan inay kordhiyaan wax-soo-saarka alwaaxyada, suunka birta ee kaarboonka, waxayna soo saaraan daawaha birta iyo biraha saafiga ah ee ka kooban kaarboon aad u hooseeya. Haddii ferrochrome kaarboon, silikoon warshadeed iyo birta manganese, kaarboon ama graphite electrodes waa in la isticmaalaa.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分为碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙电枍仍。

碳素电极(carbonelectrode)是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦为原料，按一定的比例和粒度组成.青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀后压制成形，最后在焙烧炉中缓慢焙烧制得。

石墨电极(graphiteelectrode)以石油焦和沥青焦为原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度为2273〜2773K的石墨化电阻炉中，经为2273

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于17A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢、炼硅、炼黄磷等的普通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层(石墨电极抗氧化剂)，降低炼钢时的电极消耗(19%〜50%),延长电极的使用寿命(22%〜60%),降低电极的电能消耗。

高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度为18〜25A/ cm2

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于25A/ cm2

自焙电极(self-dukingelectrode)用无烟煤定温度下制成电极糊，然后把电极糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中(如图1所示)，在电炉生产过程中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦化。这种电极可连续使用，边使用边接长边给给成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低，因此被广泛用于铁合金生产。