Warshadaha walxaha korantada taban ayaa soo dhaweynaya isbeddelka suuqa cusub.
Ka faa'iidaysiga kobaca baahida suuqa batteriga Shiinaha, shixnadaha alaabada anode ee Shiinaha iyo qiimaha wax soo saarka ayaa kordhay 2018, taasoo horseedaysa koritaanka shirkadaha alaabada anode.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay saameeyeen kabida, tartanka suuqa, kor u kaca qiimaha alaabta ceeriin iyo hoos u dhaca qiimaha alaabta, uruurinta suuqa ee alaabta anode ayaa sii kordhay, iyo polarization ee warshadaha ayaa galay marxalad cusub.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, maaddaama warshaduhu ay soo galaan marxaladda "yaraynta qiimaha iyo kordhinta tayada", garaafyada dabiiciga ah ee sare ee dabiiciga ah iyo alaabta garaafyada macmalka ah waxay dardargelin karaan beddelka alaabta anode-ka hooseeya, taas oo ka dhigaysa tartanka suuqa ee alaabta anode-ka ee kor u kaca.
Marka laga eego dhinaca toosan, shirkadaha qalabka elektiroonigga ah ee hadda jira ama shirkadaha liiska ku jira ama IPO-yada madaxbannaan waxay raadinayaan taageero si ay u helaan taageero raasumaal, ka caawinta shirkadaha inay ballaariyaan awoodda wax soo saarka iyo horumarinta alaabada cusub. Horumarinta shirkadaha yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah ee aan lahayn faa'iidooyin tartan ah oo ku saabsan tayada badeecada iyo tiknoolajiyada iyo sidoo kale saldhigga macaamiisha ayaa noqon doona mid sii adkaanaya.
Marka laga eego dhinaca toosan, si loo hagaajiyo tayada iyo in la dhimo kharashyada, alaabta electrode taban shirkadaha ayaa balaadhiyey awoodooda wax soo saarka oo la kordhiyey in ay warshadaha processing graphitization kor, yaraynta kharashka iyada oo ballaarinta awoodda iyo kor u qaadida habka wax soo saarka, iyo sii kor loogu qaado ay tartan.
Shaki la'aan, isku-darka iyo iibsashada iyo is-dhexgalka kheyraadka u dhexeeya warshadaha iyo kordhinta warshadaha garaafyada is-dhisay ayaa shaki la'aan hoos u dhigi doona ka qaybgalayaasha suuqa, dardargelinta ciribtirka kuwa daciifka ah, waxayna si tartiib tartiib ah u kala qaybinayaan "saddexda waaweyn iyo kuwa yaryar" qaababka tartanka ee ay sameeyeen alaab taban. Qiimaynta tartanka suuqa anode caaga ah.
Ku tartamaya qaabaynta garaafka
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tartanka warshadaha walxaha anode-ka gudaha ayaa wali ah mid aad u daran. Waxaa jira tartan u dhexeeya shirkadaha heerka koowaad si ay u qabtaan jagada hogaaminta. Waxa kale oo jira heerar-labaad oo si firfircoon u balaadhinaya xooggooda. Waxaad isku eryanaysaan si aad u soo koobtaan tartanka shirkadaha safka hore. Qaar ka mid ah cadaadiska suurtagalka ah ee tartamayaasha cusub.
Iyada oo ay sabab u tahay baahida suuqa ee baytariyada korantada, saamiga suuqa garaafyada macmalka ah ayaa sii kordhaya si loo bixiyo baahida ballaarinta awooda shirkadaha anode.
Tan iyo 2018, mashaariic maalgashi oo baaxad weyn oo gudaha ah oo loogu talagalay agabka anode ayaa si isdaba joog ah loo hawlgeliyay, cabirka awoodda wax-soo-saarka shakhsigu wuxuu gaadhay 50,000 tan ama xitaa 100,000 tan sanadkii, oo inta badan ku saleysan mashaariicda garaafyada macmalka ah.
Waxaa ka mid ah, shirkadaha heerka koowaad ee heerka koowaad waxay sii xoojiyaan booskooda suuqa waxayna yareeyaan kharashaadka iyagoo ballaarinaya awoodooda wax soo saar. Shirkadaha heerka labaad ee heerka labaad waxay ku sii dhowaanayaan heerka koowaad iyagoo adeegsanaya ballaarinta awoodda, laakiin ma haystaan taageero maaliyadeed oo ku filan iyo la'aanta tartan ee alaabada iyo teknoolojiyadda cusub.
Shirkadaha heerka koowaad iyo labaad, oo ay ku jiraan Beitray, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing, Kaijin Energy, Xiangfenghua, Shenzhen Snow, iyo Jiangxi Zhengtuo, iyo sidoo kale kuwa cusub, waxay balaadhiyeen awoodooda wax soo saar si ay u xoojiyaan tartankooda. Saldhigga awood-dhisidda waxa uu inta badan ku urursan yahay gudaha Mongolia ama Waqooyi-galbeed.
Garaafaynta ayaa xisaabisa ilaa 50% kharashka walxaha anode-ka, sida caadiga ah qaab qandaraas-hoosaad ah. Si loo sii yareeyo kharashaadka wax soo saarka loona wanaajiyo faa'iidada badeecada, shirkadaha agabka anode waxay dhiseen farsamayntooda garaafaynta sida qaab istaraatiijiyadeed si kor loogu qaado tartankooda.
Gudaha Mongolia, oo leh kheyraadkeeda badan iyo qiimaha korantada hooseeya ee 0.36 yuan / KWh (ugu yaraan 0.26 yuan / KWh), waxay noqotay goobta doorashada ee warshadda graphite ee ganacsiga korantada taban. Oo ay ku jiraan Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing, Shenzhen Snow, Dongguan Kaijin, Xinxin Qalabka Cusub, Guangrui New Energy, iwm, dhamaantood waxay leeyihiin awoodda garaafyada gudaha Mongolia.
Awoodda wax soo saarka cusub ayaa la sii deyn doonaa laga bilaabo 2018. Waxaa la filayaa in awoodda wax soo saarka ee graphitization gudaha Mongolia la sii daayo 2019, iyo kharashka processing garaafyada dib u dhici doona.
On August 3, saldhigga walxaha anode batari lithium ugu weyn dunida - Shanshan Technology ee wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee 100,000 tan oo ah walxaha anode Baotou mashruuca saldhiga isku dhafan ayaa si rasmi ah u geliyey degmada Qingshan, Baotou City.
Waxaa la fahamsan yahay in Shanshan Technology ay leedahay maalgashi sanadle ah oo ah 3.8 bilyan yuan oo ah 100,000-tan oo ah walxo anode ah oo isku dhafan oo loogu talagalay alaabta anode. Ka dib marka mashruuca la dhammeeyo oo la soo saaro wax soo saarka, waxay soo saari kartaa 60,000 tan oo qalab garaafyo anode ah iyo 40,000 oo tan oo ah walxaha garaafyada garaafyada ah ee dahaarka leh. Awood wax-soo-saarka sannadlaha ah oo ah 50,000 tan oo farsamaynta garaafaynta.
Sida laga soo xigtay xogta cilmi-baarista ee Machadka Cilmi-baarista Sare iyo Horumarinta Cilmi-baarista Lithium Power Research (GGII), wadarta shixnadda alaabada anode-ka ee lithium-ta ee Shiinaha waxay gaartay 192,000 tan sanadka 2018, korodhka sanadka-sannadka 31.2%. Waxaa ka mid ah, shixnadaha alaabada anode ee Shanshan Technology ayaa kaalinta labaad ka galay warshadaha, iyo shixnadaha garaafyada macmalka ah ayaa galay kaalinta koowaad.
“Waxaan nahay 100,000 oo tan oo wax soo saar ah sanadkan. Sannadka soo socda iyo sannadka soo socda, waxaanu si degdeg ah u balaadhin doonaa awoodda wax-soo-saarka, waxaanu si dhakhso ah u fahmi doonaa awoodda binta ee warshadaha oo leh miisaan iyo waxqabad kharash." Zheng Yonggang, oo ah Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Maamulka Shanshan Holdings ayaa yiri.
Sida iska cad, istaraatijiyad Shanshan waa in la dhimo kharashyada wax soo saarka iyada oo loo marayo ballaarinta awoodda, oo sidaas ku xukumaan gorgortanka alaabta, iyo samaynta saamayn suuqa oo xooggan shirkadaha kale ee qalabka electrode taban, taas oo kor u qaadaysa iyo xoojinta qaybteeda suuqa. Si aanay u noqon mid gebi ahaanba dadban, shirkadaha kale ee korantada taban ee dabiiciga ah waa inay ku biiraan kooxda ballaarinta awoodda, laakiin intooda badan waa awoodda wax-soo-saarka hoose.
Waxaa xusid mudan in inkasta oo shirkadaha alaabada anode ay sii ballaarinayaan awooddooda wax soo saar, maaddaama shuruudaha wax-qabadka ee badeecadaha batteriga ay sii kordhayaan, shuruudaha sare ayaa la dhigayaa waxqabadka alaabta ee alaabta anode. Garaafyada dabiiciga ah ee dhamaadka-dhamaadka ah iyo alaabooyinka garaafyada macmalka ah waxay dardargeliyaan beddelka qalabka anode-ka hooseeya, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in tiro badan oo ganacsiyo yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaad ah aan la dabooli karin baahida baytariyada sare.
Xoojinta suuqa ayaa sii kordheysa
Sida suuqa batteriga korantada, fiirsashada suuqa walxaha anode-ka ayaa sii kordhaya, iyada oo dhowr shirkadood oo madax ah ay qabsadeen saami suuq weyn ah.
Tirakoobka GGII ayaa muujinaya in sanadka 2018, agabka anode-ka lithium-ka ee Shiinaha ee lithium-ka alaabada wadarta guud ay gaadheen 192,000 tan, korodhka 31.2%.
iyaga ka mid ah, Betray, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing, Dongguan Kaijin, Xiangfenghua, Zhongke Xingcheng, Jiangxi Zhengtuo, Shenzhen Snow, Shenzhen Jinrun, Changsha Geji iyo shirkado kale oo alaabta taban ka hor inta aan shixnadaha toban.
2018, shixnadda alaabta TOP4 anode waxay dhaaftay 25,000 tan, iyo saamiga suuqa ee TOP4 ayaa dhan 71%, ilaa 4 dhibcood boqolkiiba 2017, iyo dhoofinta shirkadaha iyo shirkadaha madaxa ka dib kaalinta shanaad. Farqiga mugga ayaa sii kordhaya. Sababta ugu weyn ayaa ah in qaabka tartanka ee suuqa batteriga awoodda uu sameeyay isbeddel weyn, taasoo keentay isbeddel ku yimaada qaabka tartanka ee alaabta anode.
Tirakoobka GGII ayaa muujinaya in wadarta guud ee awoodda la rakibay ee baytariga korantada Shiinaha qeybtii hore ee 2019 ay ahayd ilaa 30.01GWh, sanad-sannad koror dhan 93%. Waxaa ka mid ah, wadarta guud ee tamarta la rakibay ee tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya baytari korontadu waxay dhan tahay 26.38GWh, taasoo ka dhigan qiyaastii 88% guud ahaan.
Waxaa ka mid ah tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya marka la eego wadarta guud ee tamarta la rakibay, kaliya Ningde era, BYD, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, iyo Lishen baytariyada ayaa ka mid ah tobanka ugu sarreeya, iyo qiimeynta shirkadaha kale ee baytariyada ayaa isbeddelaya bil kasta.
Iyada oo ay saamaysay isbeddelka suuqa batteriga awoodda, tartanka suuqa ee agabka anode ayaa sidoo kale isbeddelay. Waxaa ka mid ah, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing iyo Dongguan Kaijin inta badan waxay ka samaysan yihiin alaab garaafyo macmal ah. Waxaa wata koox macaamiil tayo sare leh sida Ningde Times, BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy iyo Lishen Battery. Shixnadaha ayaa si aad ah u kordhay, saamiga suuqana wuu kordhay.
Qaar ka mid ah alaabooyinka korantada taban ee shirkadaha waxay la kulmeen hoos u dhac weyn oo ku yimid awoodda lagu rakibay ee alaabta batteriga taban ee shirkadda ee 2018.
Marka la eego tartanka hadda ka socda suuqa baytariyada korontada, suuqa tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya baytariyadu waxa uu gaadhayaa ku dhawaad 90%, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in fursadaha suuqa ee shirkadaha kale ee baytariyadu ay aad u soo badanayaan, ka dibna loo gudbiyo xagga sare. Alaabada anode, samaynta koox ka kooban ganacsiyo yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaad ah oo ka kooban anode waxay la kulmaan cadaadis badbaado oo weyn.
GGII waxay aaminsan tahay in saddexda sano ee soo socota, tartanka suuqa maadada anode-ku uu sii xoojin doono, awoodda soo noqnoqda ee hooseeya ayaa la tirtiri doonaa. Shirkadaha leh tignoolajiyada asaasiga ah iyo kanaalada macaamiisha ee faa'iidada leh waxay awoodi doonaan inay gaaraan koboc weyn.
Xoojinta suuqa ayaa la sii horumarin doonaa. Shirkadaha alaabada anode-ka ee safka labaad iyo saddexaad, cadaadiska hawlgalka ayaa shaki la'aan kordhin doona, waxayna u baahan tahay inay qorsheyso jidka hore.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-09-2019