Warshadaha ahaan, garaafyada dabiiciga ah waxaa loo kala saaraa garaafka crystalline iyo graphite cryptocrystalline iyadoo loo eegayo qaabka crystalline. Garaafyada crystalline ayaa si fiican u kristalid, dhexroorka saxanka crystall waa> 1 μm, kaas oo inta badan ay soo saarto hal crystal ama crystal flaky. Crystalline graphite waa mid ka mid ah 24-ka macdanta istaraatiijiga ah ee dalka. Sahaminta iyo horumarinta garaafyada waxay ku qoran tahay Qorshaynta Kheyraadka Macdanta Qaranka (2016-2020) markii ugu horreysay. Muhiimadda garaafka crystalline waxaa hogaaminaya fikradaha sida baabuurta tamarta cusub iyo graphene. Korodh weyn
Sida laga soo xigtay US Geological Survey (USGS), laga bilaabo dhammaadka 2017, kaydka garaafyada adduunku waa ilaa 270 milyan oo tan, oo inta badan lagu qaybiyo Turkiga, Shiinaha iyo Brazil, kuwaas oo Shiinaha ay ku badan yihiin graphite crystalline iyo Turkiga waa graphite cryptocrystalline. Garaafiga 'cryptocrystalline graphite' wuxuu leeyahay qiimo hoose iyo koboc xaddidan iyo rajada ka faa'iidaysiga, sidaa darteed garaafka crystalline ayaa go'aaminaya qaabka garaafyada caalamiga ah.
Sida laga soo xigtay Akademiyada Sayniska Shiinaha, graphite crystalline ee Shiinaha ayaa ka badan 70% wadarta guud ee adduunka. Waxaa ka mid ah, ilaha garaafiga ee gobolka Heilongjiang waxay xisaabin karaan 60% Shiinaha iyo in ka badan 40% adduunka, taas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaarta. Soosaarayaasha ugu waaweyn adduunka ee garaafyada crystalline waa Shiinaha, waxaana ku xiga India iyo Brazil.
Qaybinta kheyraadka
Asalka juqraafi ee kaydka garaafyada crystalline ee gobollada kala duwan ee Shiinaha
Sifooyinka miisaanka ee kaydka garaafiga ah ee waaweyn ee Shiinaha iyo dhalidda miisaanno waaweyn (> 0.15mm)
Gobolka Heilongjiang
Gobolka Heilongjiang waxa uu leeyahay qaybin balaadhan oo garaafka ah, walina aad ayuu ugu fiican yahay Hegang iyo Jixi. Gobolkeeda bari waa kaydka ugu weyn ee garaafka crystalline ee dalka, oo leh kayd garaafyo waaweyn oo aad u weyn sida Jixi Liumao, Luobei Yunshan iyo Muling Guangyi. Miinooyinka Graphite ayaa laga helay 7 ka mid ah 13ka magaalo ee gobolka. Qiyaasta kaydka kheyraadka ayaa ah ugu yaraan 400 milyan oo tan, kheyraadka ku jirana waa ilaa 1 bilyan oo tan. Mudanjiang iyo Shuangyashan waxay leeyihiin daahfuryo waaweyn, laakiin tayada kheyraadka ayaa loo tixgeliyaa si dhammaystiran. Garaafyada tayada sare leh ayaa wali u badan Hegang iyo Jixi. Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in kaydka garaafka ee gobolka uu gaari karo 1-150 milyan oo tan (qadarka macdanta).
Ismaamulka Mongolia gudaha
Kaydka garaafka crystalline ee gudaha Mongolia ayaa ka xiga Heilongjiang, oo inta badan lagu qaybiyo gudaha Mongolia, Xinghe, Alashan iyo Baotou.
Heerka kaarboonka go'an ee macdanta garaafka ee aagga Xinghe guud ahaan waa inta u dhaxaysa 3% iyo 5%. Miisaanka miisaanku waa>0.3mm, oo ku saabsan 30%, miisaanka miisaankuna waa>0.15mm, kaas oo gaari kara in ka badan 55%. Aagga Alashan, qaadashada deebaajiga garaafiga ee Chahanmuhulu tusaale ahaan, celceliska darajada kaarboonka go'an ee macdanta waa qiyaastii 5.45%, inta badan miisaanka garaafyada waa>0.15 mm. Miinada graphite ee ku taal aagga Chaganwendu ee Damao Banner ee aagga Baotou waxay leedahay celceliska kaarboonka go'an ee 5.61% iyo dhexroor cabbirka <0.15mm.
Gobolka Sichuan
Ilaha garaafyada crystalline ee Gobolka Sichuan waxa inta badan lagu qaybiyaa Panzhihua, Bazhong iyo Aba. Celceliska darajada kaarboonka go'an ee macdanta garaafka ee aaga Panzhihua iyo Zhongba waa 6.21%. Macdantu inta badan waa miisaan yar, miisaanka miisaankuna kama badna 0.15mm. Heerka kaarboonka go'an ee garaafka garaafka ee Nanjiang ee Bazhong City waa 5% ilaa 7%, kan ugu sarreeya waa 13%, iyo inta badan miisaanka garaafyada waa> 0.15 mm. Heerka kaarboonka go'an ee garaafka garaafka ee Gobolka Aba waa 5% ~ 10%, iyo inta badan miisaanka garaafyada waa <0.15mm.
Gobolka Shanxi
Gobolka Shanxi wuxuu helay 8 ilo kayd ah oo la aqoonsaday oo ah macdanta graphite crystalline, oo inta badan lagu qaybiyo aagga Datong. Celceliska darajada kaarboonka go'an ee dhigaalka waxay u badan tahay inta u dhaxaysa 3% iyo 4%, iyo inta badan miisaanka garaafyada waa>0.15 mm. Tijaabada dhaymada macdanta ayaa muujinaysa in wax-soo-saarka baaxadda weyn ee u dhigma uu yahay ilaa 38%, sida miinada garaafka ee Tuulada Qili, Degmada Xinrong, Datong.
Gobolka Shandong
Ilaha garaafyada crystalline ee Gobolka Shandong waxaa inta badan lagu qaybiyaa Laixi, Pingdu iyo Laiyang. Celceliska darajada kaarboonka go'an ee villa koonfur-galbeed ee Lai waa ilaa 5.18%, dhexroorka inta badan xaashida garaafka ayaa u dhexeeya 0.1 iyo 0.4 mm. Celceliska darajada kaarboonka go'an ee miinada graphite ee Liugezhuang ee Magaalada Pingdu waa qiyaastii 3.34%, dhexroorka miisaankuna waa inta badan <0.5mm. Pingdu Yanxin Graphite Mine waxay leedahay celcelis ahaan darajo kaarboon go'an oo ah 3.5%, cabirka cabirkuna waa>0.30mm, oo u dhiganta 8% ilaa 12%. Marka la soo koobo, celceliska darajada kaarboonka go'an ee miinada garaafka ee Shandong guud ahaan waa inta u dhaxaysa 3% iyo 5%, iyo saamiga miisaanka>0.15 mm waa 40% ilaa 60%.
heerka habka
Kaydka graphite ee Shiinaha ayaa leh darajooyin warshadeed oo wanaagsan, kuwaas oo u fiican macdanta, iyo darajada garaafka kristal ee aan ka yarayn 3%. 10kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, wax soo saarka Shiinaha ee garaafyada sanadlaha ah wuxuu u dhexeeyaa 60,000 iyo 800,000 tan, kaas oo wax soo saarka garaafyada crystalline uu yahay qiyaastii 80%.
Waxaa jira in ka badan kun shirkadood oo farsameeya garaafyada ee Shiinaha, alaabaduna waa alaabada macdanta graphite sida garaafyada kaarboon dhexdhexaad ah iyo sare, graphite daahirnimo sare leh iyo garaafka budada ganaaxa, iyo sidoo kale graphite iyo walxaha kaarboonka. Dabeecadda ganacsigu inta badan waa mid ay dawladdu maamusho, kaas oo inta badan lagu qaybiyo Shandong, Mongolia gudaha, Hubei, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang iyo meelo kale. Shirkadda macdanta graphite ee dawladdu leedahay waxay leedahay aasaas adag iyo faa'iidooyin la taaban karo oo xagga tignoolajiyada iyo kheyraadka ah.
Graphite waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa birta, birta, aasaaska, qalabka farsamada, warshadaha kiimikada iyo beeraha kale ay sabab u tahay sifooyinka wanaagsan. Horumarka sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada, awooda codsiga ee agabyada garaafka cusub ee warshadaha tignoolajiyada sare sida tamarta cusub, warshadaha nukliyeerka, macluumaadka elektarooniga ah, hawada hawada iyo difaaca ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loo sahamiyaa, waxaana loo arkaa inay tahay kheyraad istiraatiiji ah oo lagama maarmaanka u ah horumarinta warshadaha soo koraya. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, alaabada graphite ee Shiinaha ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa alaabada refractory, dhejinta, shaabadihii, garaafyada gaarka ah iyo meelo kale, kuwaas oo ka mid ah qalabka wax lagu dhejiyo iyo shubista inta badan loo isticmaalo.
Iyadoo horumarinta joogtada ah ee warshadaha tamarta cusub, baahida loo qabo graphite mustaqbalka waxay sii wadi doontaa inay kordhiso.
Saadaasha baahida garaafyada Shiinaha ee 2020
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-25-2019