Sei Silicon semiconductor chip?

Semiconductor chinhu chine magetsi conductivity pakamuri tembiricha iri pakati peiyo conductor uye insulator. Kufanana newaya yemhangura muhupenyu hwemazuva ese, waya yealuminium ndeye conductor, uye rabha insulator. Kubva pamaonero ekuita: semiconductor inoreva conductivity inodzoreka, kubva kune insulator kuenda kune conductor.

Mumazuva ekutanga e semiconductor chips, silicon yakanga isiri mutambi mukuru, germanium yaiva. Yekutanga transistor yaive germanium yakavakirwa transistor uye yekutanga yakabatanidzwa yedunhu chip yaive germanium chip.

Nekudaro, germanium ine mamwe matambudziko akaomarara, akadai sekukanganisa kwakawanda kwechimiro mumasemiconductors, kusasimba kwekushisa kwemafuta, uye kusakwana density yemaokisi. Uyezve, germanium chinhu chisingawanzoitiki, zviri mukati mePasi pasi zvinongova zvikamu zvinomwe pamiriyoni, uye kugoverwa kwegermanium ore zvakare kwakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya. Ndizvo chaizvo nokuti germanium haiwanzoitiki, kugovera hakuna kuiswa, zvichikonzera kudhura kukuru kwegermanium raw materials; Zvinhu hazvina kujairika, mitengo yemidziyo yakakwira, uye germanium transistors haina kudhura chero kupi, saka germanium transistors inonetsa kugadzira kuwanda.

Saka, vatsvakurudzi, kutarisa kwechidzidzo kwakasvetuka kune imwe nhanho, kutarisa silicon. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti zvikanganiso zvese zvekuzvarwa kwegermanium ndizvo zvakanakira silicon.

1, silicon ndiyo yechipiri yakanyanya kuwanda mumashure mushure meokisijeni, asi haugone kuwana silicon mumasikirwo, makomisheni ayo anonyanyozivikanwa ndeye silica uye silicates. Silika chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinoumba jecha. Mukuwedzera, feldspar, granite, quartz uye mamwe maitiro anobva pane silicon-oxygen compounds.

2. Thermal stability yesilicon yakanaka, ine dense, high dielectric constant oxide, inogona kugadzirira nyore silicon-silicon oxide interface ine zvishoma zvipingamupinyi.

3. Silicon oxide haina kunyungudika mumvura (germanium oxide haina kunyungudika mumvura) uye isinganyunguriki mune akawanda acids, iyo inongova iyo corrosion kudhinda tekinoroji yeakadhindwa edunhu mabhodhi. Iyo yakasanganiswa chigadzirwa ndiyo yakabatanidzwa yedunhu planar process inoenderera nanhasi.