Universal Hydrogen's hydrogen fuel cell demonstrator yakaita ndege yayo yekutanga kuenda kuMoss Lake, Washington, svondo rapfuura. Ndege yekuyedza yakatora maminetsi gumi nemashanu uye yakasvika pakakwirira 3,500 tsoka. Chikuva chekuyedza chakavakirwa paDash8-300, ndege huru pasi rose yehydrogen fuel cell.
Ndege iyi, yakapihwa zita remadunhurirwa rekuti Lightning McClean, yakasimuka kubva Grant County International Airport (KMWH) na8:45 am musi wa2 Kurume ikasvika pakakwirira 3,500 tsoka maminitsi gumi nemashanu gare gare. Ndege iyi, yakavakirwa pachitupa cheFAA Special Airworthiness, ndiyo yekutanga parwendo rwemakore maviri ebvunzo inotarisirwa kupera muna 2025. Ndege, iyo yakashandurwa kubva kuATR 72 yedunhu jet, inongochengeta imwe chete yepakutanga fossil fuel turbine injini. kuitira kuchengetedza, nepo mamwe ese achifambiswa neiyo pure hydrogen.
Universal Hydrogen ine chinangwa chekuti mafambisirwo endege emudunhu afambiswe zvizere nemafuta ehydrogen mafuta panosvika 2025. Mubvunzo uyu, injini inofambiswa neakachena hydrogen fuel cell inoburitsa mvura chete uye haisvibisi mhepo. Nekuti kuyedza kwekutanga, imwe injini ichiri kushanda pamafuta akajairwa. Saka kana iwe ukatarisa pairi, pane musiyano mukuru pakati pekuruboshwe nekurudyi injini, kunyange dhayamita yemashizha uye nhamba yemashizha. Sekureva kweUniversal Hydrogren, ndege dzinofambiswa nemafuta ehydrogen maseru dzakachengetedzeka, dzakachipa kushanda uye hadzina kukanganisa nharaunda. Masero emafuta ehydrogen awo ari modular uye anogona kutakurwa nekuburutswa kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzekunotakura zvinhu dziripo panhandare yendege, saka nhandare yendege inokwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nendege ine simba rehydrogen pasina kugadziridzwa. Muchiono, majeti akakura anogona kuita zvimwe chetezvo, aine maturbofans anofambiswa nehydrogen mafuta maseru anotarisirwa kunge ari kushandiswa pakati pe2030s.
Asi izvo, Paul Eremenko, mubatsiri uye CEO weUniversal Hydrogen, anotenda kuti ndege dzejetli dzinofanira kumhanya pahydrogen yakachena panosvika pakati pe2030s, zvikasadaro indasitiri ichafanira kucheka ndege kuti isangane neinosungirwa indasitiri-yakakura emission tarisiro. Muuyo wacho waizova kukwira kukuru kwemitengo yamatikiti uye kutamburira kuwana tikiti. Naizvozvo, zvinokasira kusimudzira tsvakiridzo nekuvandudzwa kwendege itsva ine simba. Asi iyi yekutanga ndege inopawo tariro kune iyo indasitiri.
Basa iri rakaitwa naAlex Kroll, aimbove mutyairi wendege weUS Air Force ane ruzivo uye mutyairi webvunzo anotungamira wekambani. Akataura kuti murwendo rwechipiri rwekuyedza, akakwanisa kubhururuka zvachose pamajenareta emafuta ehydrogen masero, asingavimbi nemainjini ekare emafuta. "Ndege yakagadziridzwa ine mashandiro akanaka ekubata uye hydrogen mafuta cell power system inoburitsa ruzha rushoma uye kudedera kupfuura injini dzeinjini," akadaro Kroll.
Universal Hydrogen ine akawanda emaodha evatyairi eiyo hydrogen-powered edunhu jets, kusanganisira Connect Airlines, kambani yekuAmerica. John Thomas, mukuru mukuru wekambani iyi, akadana kutiza kweMheni McClain "pasi zero ye decarbonization yeindasitiri yezvendege yepasi rose."
Nei ndege ine hydrogen-powered iri sarudzo yekudzikisa kabhoni mukubhururuka?
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kuri kuisa zvifambiso zvendege panjodzi kwemakumi emakore ari kuuya.
Kubhururuka kwendege kunoburitsa chikamu chimwe chete muzvitanhatu chakawanda secarbon dioxide semota nemarori, sekureva kweWorld Resources Institute, boka rekutsvagisa risingabatsiri rakavakirwa muWashington. Zvisinei, ndege dzinotakura vanhu vashoma kwazvo pazuva pane motokari nemarori.
Ndege ina huru dzendege (America, United, Delta neMaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero) dzakawedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta ejeti nezvikamu gumi neshanu kubva muzana pakati pa2014 na2019. Zvisineyi, kunyangwe hazvo ndege dzakanyanya kushanda uye dzisina kabhoni dzakaiswa mukugadzirwa, nhamba dzevatakuri dzave dziripo. maitiro ekuderera kubva 2019.
Ndege dzakazvipira kuita kabhoni dzisina kwayakarerekera pakati pezana ramakore, uye vamwe vakaisa mari mumafuta akasimba kuti vabvumire kubhururuka kwendege kuita basa rinoshanda mukushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.
Mafuta anogara aripo (SAFs) mabiofuel anogadzirwa kubva kumafuta ekubikisa, mafuta emhuka, tsvina yekanzuru kana zvimwe zvekudya. Mafuta acho anogona kusanganiswa nemafuta akajairwa kumagetsi enjini dzejet uye ari kutoshandiswa mundege dzekuyedza uye kunyangwe nendege dzakarongwa dzevafambi. Zvisinei, mafuta anodhura anodhura, zvakapetwa katatu pane zvakajairika mafuta ejet. Sezvo dzimwe ndege dzakawanda dzichitenga nekushandisa mafuta anoramba aripo, mitengo inokwira zvakanyanya. Magweta ari kukurudzira kurudziro yakadai sekuzorora mutero kuti kugadzirwa kusimudze.
Mafuta anogara aripo anoonekwa semafuta ebhiriji anogona kucheka kuburitswa kwekabhoni kudzamara mabudiro akakosha akadai semagetsi kana hydrogen-powered ndege awanikwa. Muchokwadi, matekinoroji aya anogona kusashandiswa zvakanyanya mundege kwemamwe makore makumi maviri kana makumi matatu.
Makambani ari kuyedza kugadzira nekuvaka ndege dzemagetsi, asi mazhinji acho indege diki, dzakaita seherikoputa dzinosimuka dzichimhara dzakatwasuka dzichingobata vanhu vashoma.
Kugadzira ndege hombe yemagetsi inokwanisa kutakura vanhu mazana maviri -- yakaenzana nendege yepakati nepakati -- zvingada mabhatiri akakura uye nguva refu yekubhururuka. Nemuyero iwoyo, mabhatiri angada kurema zvakapetwa ka40 kupfuura mafuta ejeti kuti anyatsochajiwa. Asi ndege dzemagetsi hazvizogoneki pasina shanduko yehunyanzvi hwebhatiri.
Hydrogen simba chishandiso chinoshanda kuwana yakaderera kabhoni emissions uye inoita basa risingadzokerike mukushanduka kwesimba repasi rose. Kukosha kwakakosha kwesimba rehydrogen pamusoro pemamwe masimba anovandudzwazve nderekuti rinogona kuchengetwa pamwero mukuru mumwaka. Pakati pavo, green hydrogen ndiyo chete nzira yekudzika decarbonization mumaindasitiri mazhinji, kusanganisira minda yeindasitiri inomiririrwa nepetrochemical, simbi, indasitiri yemakemikari uye indasitiri yekufambisa inomiririrwa nendege. Sekureva kweInternational Commission paHydrogen Energy, musika wehydrogen simba unotarisirwa kusvika pamadhora mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emadhora panosvika 2050.
"Hydrogen pachayo imafuta akareruka," Dan Rutherford, muongorori wemotokari nendege decarbonization kuInternational Council on Clean Transportation, boka rezvakatipoteredza, akaudza Associated Press. "Asi unoda matangi makuru kuti uchengete hydrogen, uye tangi pachayo inorema kwazvo."
Mukuwedzera, pane zvipingamupinyi uye zvipingamupinyi pakushandiswa kwehydrogen mafuta. Semuyenzaniso, zvivakwa zvitsva zvakakura uye zvinodhura zvaizodiwa panhandare dzendege kuchengetedza gasi rehydrogen rakatonhodzwa kuita mvura.
Zvakadaro, Rutherford anoramba aine tarisiro nezve hydrogen. Chikwata chake chinotenda kuti ndege dzine simba rehydrogen dzichakwanisa kufamba mamaira zviuru zviviri nemazana mana panosvika 2035.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-16-2023