[Kuwanda kwesimba remabhatiri e-lithium mune ramangwana rinogona kusvika 1.5 nguva kusvika 2 nguva yezvino, zvinoreva kuti mabhatiri achava maduku. ]
[Lithium-ion bhatiri mutengo wekudzikisa mutengo uri pakati pe10% ne30%. Zvakaoma kudzikisa mutengo nepakati. ]
Kubva kumafoni kusvika kumotokari dzemagetsi, tekinoroji yebhatiri iri kupinda zvishoma nezvishoma muhupenyu hwese. Saka, ndeipi nzira iyo bhatiri remangwana richaita uye ndedzipi shanduko yarichaunza kunharaunda? Nemibvunzo iyi mupfungwa, Mutori wenhau wekutanga weMari akabvunzurudzwa mwedzi wapera Akira Yoshino, musayendisiti weJapan uyo akakunda Nobel Prize muKemistry ye lithium-ion mabhatiri gore rino.
Sekuona kwaYoshino, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion acharamba achitonga indasitiri yebhatiri mumakore gumi anotevera. Kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva hwakadai sehungwaru hwekugadzira uye Internet yezvinhu zvinounza shanduko "zvisingafungidzike" kune tarisiro yekushandiswa kwemabhatiri e-lithium-ion.
Shanduko isingafungidzirwe
Yoshino paakaziva nezve izwi rekuti "inotakurika", akaziva kuti nzanga yaida bhatiri nyowani. Muna 1983, nyika yekutanga lithium bhatiri yakazvarwa muJapan. Yoshino Akira akagadzira nyika yekutanga prototype yerichargeable lithium-ion bhatiri, uye ichaita mupiro wakatanhamara mukuvandudza mabhatiri e-lithium-ion anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muma smartphones nemotokari dzemagetsi mune ramangwana.
Mwedzi wapera, Akira Yoshino akati mubvunzurudzo yakasarudzika neNo. “Bvunzurudzo yakazara gare gare yakandiita kuti ndive ndakabatikana zvikuru, uye ndaisagona kufara zvikuru.” Akira Yoshino akadaro. “Asi sezvo zuva rekugamuchira mibairo muna Zvita rave kuswedera, chokwadi chemibairo iyi chawedzera kusimba.”
Mumakore makumi matatu apfuura, 27 nyanzvi dzeJapan kana dzeJapan dzakahwina Mubairo weNobel muChemistry, asi vaviri chete vavo, kusanganisira Akira Yoshino, vakagamuchira mibairo sevatsvagiri vemakambani. "MuJapan, vaongorori vanobva kumasangano ekutsvagisa nemayunivhesiti vanowanzogamuchira mibairo, uye vashoma vaongorori vemakambani kubva kuindasitiri vakawana mibairo." Akira Yoshino akaudza First Financial Journalist. Akasimbisawo zvinotarisirwa neindasitiri. Anotenda kuti kune yakawanda yeNobel-level research mukati mekambani, asi iyo indasitiri yeJapan inofanirwa kuvandudza hutungamiriri hwayo nekubudirira.
Yoshino Akira anotenda kuti kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hutsva hwakadai sehungwaru hwekugadzira uye Indaneti yeZvinhu zvichaunza "zvisingafungidzike" shanduko kune tarisiro yekushandisa ye lithium-ion mabhatiri. Semuenzaniso, kufambira mberi kwesoftware kuchamhanyisa maitiro ekugadzira bhatiri uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva, uye Inogona kukanganisa kushandiswa kwebhatiri, ichibvumira bhatiri kuti rishandiswe munzvimbo yakanakisa.
Yoshino Akira ari kushushikanawo zvikuru pamusoro pemupiro wetsvakiridzo yake mukugadzirisa nyaya dzekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pasi rose. Akaudza First Financial Journalist kuti akapiwa zvikonzero zviviri. Chekutanga ndechekubatsira mukusimudzira smart mobile society; chechipiri ndechekupa nzira dzakakosha dzekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza pasi rose. “Kubatsira kwekuchengetedzwa kwemhoteredzo kuchawedzera kujeka mune ramangwana. Panguva imwecheteyo, uyu zvakare mukana wakanaka webhizinesi. " Akira Yoshino akaudza mutori wenhau wezvemari.
Yoshino Akira akaudza vadzidzi panguva yehurukuro paMeijo University semupurofesa uyo akapa tarisiro huru yevanhu nokuda kwekushandiswa kwesimba rinogadziriswa uye mabhatiri sechinhu chinopesana nekupisa kwepasi, achaendesa ruzivo rwake pachake, kusanganisira pfungwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvakatipoteredza. ”
Ndiani achatonga indasitiri yebhatiri
Kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwemabhatiri kwakaunza shanduko yesimba. Kubva pamafoni akangwara kuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi, tekinoroji yebhatiri inowanikwa pese pese, ichichinja zvese zvehupenyu hwevanhu. Kunyangwe bhatiri remangwana richawedzera simba uye mutengo wakaderera uchabata mumwe nemumwe wedu.
Parizvino, indasitiri yakazvipira kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwebhatiri uku ichiwedzera kuwanda kwesimba rebhatiri. Kuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwebhatiri kunobatsirawo kugadzirisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwesimba rinowanikwazve.
Sekuona kwaYoshino, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion acharamba achitonga indasitiri yebhatiri mumakore gumi anotevera, asi kusimudzira uye kusimuka kwehunyanzvi hutsva kucharamba kuchisimbisa kukosha kweindasitiri uye tarisiro. Yoshino Akira akaudza First Business News kuti simba remagetsi re lithiamu mabhatiri mune ramangwana rinogona kusvika 1.5 nguva kusvika 2 nguva ikozvino, izvo zvinoreva kuti bhatiri ichava duku. "Izvi zvinodzikisira zvinhu uye nekudaro zvinoderedza mutengo, asi hakuzove nekudzikira kwakanyanya mumutengo wezvinhu." Vati, “Kudzikiswa kwemutengo wemabhatiri e-lithium-ion kwakanyanya pakati pe10% ne30%. Kuda kudzikisa mutengo zvakanyanya kuoma. ”
Midziyo yemagetsi ichachaja nekukurumidza mune ramangwana here? Mukupindura, Akira Yoshino akati nhare mbozha yakazara mu5-10 maminitsi, iyo yakawanikwa mu laboratori. Asi kukurumidza kuchaja kunoda simba rakasimba, iro rinokanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri. Muzviitiko zvakawanda muchokwadi, vanhu vangasafanira kubhadharisa zvakanyanya nekukurumidza.
Kubva pamabhatiri e-lead-asidhi ekutanga, kusvika kumabhatiri enickel-metal hydride anove mabatiro emakambani ekuJapan akadai seToyota, kusvika kumabhatiri e-lithium-ion akashandiswa naTesla Roaster muna 2008, mabhatiri emvura echinyakare anoti lithium-ion akatonga bhatiri remagetsi. musika kwemakore gumi. Mune ramangwana, kupokana pakati pesimba density uye kuchengetedza zvinodiwa uye yechinyakare lithium-ion bhatiri tekinoroji ichawedzera kuve yakakurumbira.
Mukupindura kuongororo uye zvigadzirwa zvemabhatiri ehurumende kubva kumakambani ekumhiri kwemakungwa, Akira Yoshino akati: "Ndinofunga mabhatiri ehurumende anomiririra gwara remangwana, uye pachine nzvimbo yakawanda yekuvandudza. Ndinotarisira kuona kufambira mberi kutsva munguva pfupi. "
Akataurawo kuti mabhatiri e-solid-state akafanana mune tekinoroji kune lithium-ion mabhatiri. "Kuburikidza nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, kumhanya kwekushambira kwelithium ion kunogona kusvika kanokwana kanokwana 4 kumhanya kwazvino." Akira Yoshino akaudza mutori wenhau paFirst Business News.
Solid-state mabhatiri mabhatiri e-lithium-ion anoshandisa solid-state electrolytes. Nekuti solid-state electrolytes inotsiva inogona kuputika organic electrolyte mumabhatiri e lithium-ion echinyakare, izvi zvinogadzirisa matambudziko makuru maviri ekuwanda kwesimba uye kuita kwekuchengetedza kwakanyanya. Solid-state electrolytes inoshandiswa pasimba rimwechete Bhatiri rinotsiva electrolyte rine simba rakanyanya kusimba, panguva imwe chete ine simba guru uye nguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu, inova nzira yekuvandudza yechizvarwa chinotevera che lithium mabhatiri.
Asi mabhatiri akasimba-nyika anotarisanawo nematambudziko akadai sekudzikisa mitengo, kuvandudza chengetedzo yeakasimba maelectrolyte, uye kuchengetedza kusangana pakati pemaelectrode nema electrolyte panguva yekuchaja nekuburitsa. Parizvino, makambani makuru epasi rose emotokari ari kuisa mari yakawanda muR & D kumabhatiri ehurumende. Semuenzaniso, Toyota iri kugadzira yakasimba-nyika bhatiri, asi mutengo hauna kuburitswa. Masangano ekutsvagisa anofanotaura kuti panosvika 2030, kudiwa kwebhatiri repasi rose kunotarisirwa kusvika pa500 GWh.
Muzvinafundo Whitingham, akagovera Mubairo weNobel naAkira Yoshino, akataura kuti mabhatiri ehurumende anogona kunge ari ekutanga kushandiswa mumagetsi madiki akadai semafoni akangwara. "Nekuti kuchine matambudziko makuru mukushandiswa kwemahombe masisitimu." Professor Wittingham vakadaro.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-16-2019