Nhanganyaya kune yechitatu chizvarwa semiconductor GaN uye yakabatana epitaxial tekinoroji

1. Chechitatu-chizvarwa semiconductors

Yekutanga-yechizvarwa semiconductor tekinoroji yakagadzirwa zvichibva pane semiconductor zvinhu zvakaita seSi neGe. Ndiyo hwaro hwezvinhu zvekuvandudzwa kwema transistors uye yakasanganiswa yedunhu tekinoroji. Yekutanga-yechizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu zvakateya hwaro hweindasitiri yemagetsi muzana ramakore re20 uye ndizvo zvekutanga zvekushandisa zvakabatanidzwa zvedunhu tekinoroji.

Yechipiri-chizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, gallium phosphide, indium arsenide, aluminium arsenide uye ternary makomisheni avo. Yechipiri-chizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu ndiyo hwaro hweiyo optoelectronic ruzivo indasitiri. Nechikonzero ichi, maindasitiri ane hukama akadai semwenje, kuratidza, laser, uye photovoltaics akagadzirwa. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune yemazuva ano ruzivo tekinoroji uye optoelectronic kuratidza maindasitiri.

Zvinhu zvinomiririra zveyechitatu-chizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu zvinosanganisira gallium nitride uye silicon carbide. Nekuda kwehupamhi hwebhendi gap, yakakwira maelectron saturation drift velocity, high thermal conductivity, uye high breakdown field simba, zvinhu zvakanakira kugadzirira high-power density, high-frequency, uye low-losssable electronic devices. Pakati pazvo, silicon carbide magetsi emagetsi ane zvakanakira kusimba kwesimba, kushomeka kwesimba, uye saizi diki, uye ane tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa mumotokari nyowani dzesimba, photovoltaics, njanji yekufambisa, data hombe, uye mamwe minda. Gallium nitride RF madivayiri ane mabhenefiti emhando yepamusoro, simba guru, bandwidth yakafara, kuderera kwesimba rekushandisa uye saizi diki, uye ine tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa mu5G kutaurirana, Indaneti yeZvinhu, radar yemauto nemamwe minda. Uye zvakare, gallium nitride-yakavakirwa masimba emagetsi akashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo yakaderera-voltage. Pamusoro pezvo, mumakore achangopfuura, zvinhu zviri kubuda zvegallium oxide zvinotarisirwa kuumba tekinoroji kuwirirana neiyo iripo SiC neGaN tekinoroji, uye kuve neinobvira yekushandisa tarisiro muminda yakaderera-frequency uye yakakwirira-voltage.

Kana ichienzaniswa neyechipiri-chizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu, yechitatu-chizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu zvine yakafara bandgap upamhi (iyo bhendi upamhi hweSi, yakajairika zvinhu zvechizvarwa chekutanga semiconductor zvinhu, ingangoita 1.1eV, iyo bandgap upamhi hweGaAs, yakajairika. zvinhu zvechizvarwa chechipiri semiconductor zvinhu, zvinenge 1.42eV, uye bandgap yakafara GaN, chinhu chakajairika chechizvarwa chechitatu semiconductor zvinhu, chiri pamusoro pe2.3eV), kusimba kwemwaranzi inopokana, kupikisa kwakasimba kuparara kwemunda wemagetsi, uye kupisa kwakanyanya. Yechitatu-yechizvarwa semiconductor zvinhu zvine wider bandgap wide inonyanya kukodzera kugadzirwa kwemwaranzi-resistant, high-frequency, high-power and high-integration-density electronic devices. Mashandisiro avo mumicrowave radio frequency zvishandiso, maLED, lasers, magetsi emagetsi uye mamwe minda akwezva kutariswa kwakawanda, uye varatidza tarisiro yakafara yebudiriro mukufambiswa kwemashoko, smart grids, njanji, mota nyowani, magetsi evatengi, uye ultraviolet neblue. -green light devices [1].