Muri 2019, amakimbirane mpuzamahanga y’ubucuruzi yarakomeje, kandi ubukungu bw’isi bwarahindutse cyane. Mubihe nkibi bidukikije, iterambere ryinganda za aluminiyumu naryo ryahindutse. Inganda zizamuka kandi zimanuka zinganda zinganda ziterambere ryinganda za aluminiyumu zatangiye gutakaza amafaranga, kandi ingingo zububabare zagiye zimenyekana buhoro buhoro.
Ubwa mbere, inganda zifite ubushobozi burenze, kandi itangwa rirenze ibisabwa
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ubushobozi buke, nubwo leta nayo yahinduye nkana inganda za aluminium electrolytike, umuvuduko wo kongera ubushobozi uracyarenze ibyateganijwe. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2019, kubera ingaruka zo kurengera ibidukikije n’imiterere y’isoko, igipimo cy’ibikorwa by’inganda muri Henan cyari gito cyane. Ibigo ku giti cye mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba no mu burasirazuba bw'Ubushinwa byatangiye kuvugurura ku buryo butandukanye. Nubwo ubushobozi bushya bwarekurwa, ibicuruzwa byose byatanzwe mu nganda byakomeje kuba byinshi kandi byari bifite ubushobozi buke. kwiruka. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Kamena 2019, Ubushinwa bwibanze bwa toni miliyoni 17.4373, mu gihe umusaruro nyawo wa anode wateguwe wageze kuri toni 9.546.400, ukaba wararenze umubare nyawo wa aluminium electrolytike kuri toni 82.78, mu gihe aluminium y’Ubushinwa yakoresheje anode yabanjirije. Ubushobozi bwo gukora buri mwaka bugeze kuri toni miliyoni 28.78.
Icya kabiri, ibikoresho bya tekiniki bisubira inyuma, nibicuruzwa bivanze.
Kugeza ubu, ibigo byinshi bitanga ibikoresho, kubera imikorere yihuse mu ntangiriro y’umusaruro, ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byarenze cyane ubuzima bwa serivisi, ibibazo by’ibikoresho byagaragaye rimwe na rimwe, kandi umutekano ntushobora kwizerwa. Tutibagiwe na bamwe mubakora karubone bafite ubushobozi buke bwo gukora, ibikoresho bya tekiniki ntibishobora kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwinganda zigihugu, kandi ibicuruzwa byakozwe nabyo bifite ibibazo byubuziranenge. Nibyo, hari ibintu byinshi bitera ibibazo byubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa. Usibye ingaruka zibikoresho bya tekiniki, ubwiza bwibikoresho fatizo bizanagabanya ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya karubone.
Icya gatatu, politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije irihutirwa, kandi igitutu ku mishinga ya karubone gihoraho
Mugihe cyibidukikije bya "Amazi meza nicyatsi kibisi", ikirere cyubururu nigicu cyera birarinzwe, politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije murugo ikunze kuba, kandi igitutu kunganda za karubone kiriyongera. Hafi ya electrolytike ya aluminiyumu nayo irarengerwa no kurengera ibidukikije, ibiciro by’umusaruro n’ibindi bibazo, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imihindagurikire y’ubushobozi, bigatuma amafaranga yo gutwara ibicuruzwa byinjira mu nganda yiyongera, uburyo bwo kwishyura bwiyongera, amafaranga yo kugurisha ibigo n’ibindi bibazo bigenda bigaragara buhoro buhoro.
Icya kane, amakimbirane yubucuruzi bwisi ariyongera, imiterere mpuzamahanga irahinduka cyane
Muri 2019, isi yarahindutse, kandi intambara z'ubucuruzi za Brexit na Sino-Amerika zagize ingaruka ku bukungu mpuzamahanga. Mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu nganda za karubone byatangiye kugabanuka gato. Ivunjisha ryinjijwe n’inganda ryaragabanutse, kandi ibigo bimwe byari bifite igihombo. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Nzeri 2019, ibarura rusange ry’ibicuruzwa bya karubone ryageze kuri toni 374.007, byiyongeraho 19.28% umwaka ushize; ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bya karubone byari toni 316.865, umwaka ushize ugabanuka 20.26%; amadovize yinjijwe mu mahanga yari miliyoni 1.080.72 z'amadolari y'Amerika, umwaka ushize ugabanuka 29.97%.
Mu nganda za karubone ya aluminium, imbere yububabare bwinshi nkubwiza, igiciro, kurengera ibidukikije, nibindi, nigute inganda za karubone zishobora kuzamura neza aho zituye, guca inzitizi kandi bikava vuba "ingorane"?
Icyambere, shyushya itsinda kandi uteze imbere iterambere ryikigo
Iterambere ryumuntu ku giti cye rifite aho rigarukira, kandi biragoye mumarushanwa yubukungu yubugome. Ibigo bigomba kumenya amakosa yabyo mugihe gikwiye, guhuza ibigo byabo byiza, no gushyushya itsinda kugirango bongere aho baba. Muri iki gihe, ntitugomba gufatanya na bagenzi bacu bo mu gihugu gusa cyangwa urwego rwo hejuru n’urunigi rw’inganda, ahubwo tunagomba "kujya ku isi hose" mu bihe biriho, no kwagura iterambere mpuzamahanga ry’ikoranabuhanga no guhanahana imishinga, bifasha cyane kwishyira hamwe. y'ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku mishinga n'isoko ry'imishinga. Mugure.
Icya kabiri, guhanga udushya, kuzamura ibikoresho, kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa
Ibikoresho bya tekiniki nimwe mubintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa byinganda za karubone bigomba guhinduka bivuye mubwiyongere bugera no kuzamura ireme no kunoza imiterere. Ibicuruzwa bya karubone bigomba guhuza niterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryinganda za electrolytike ya aluminium kandi bigatanga ingufu zikomeye zo kuzigama no gukoresha ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga. Ingwate ikomeye. Tugomba kwihutisha iterambere ryibikoresho bishya bya karubone hamwe nuburenganzira bwigenga bwumutungo bwite wubwenge no guhanga udushya, tukareba ubushakashatsi niterambere ndetse niterambere ryurwego rwose rwinganda, kandi tugakorana cyane nu rugendo rwo hejuru no kumanuka kugirango tunyure vuba kandi tunoze ubwiza bwibisi ibikoresho nka coke ya inshinge na polyacrylonitrile silike mbisi. Senya monopole kandi wongere gahunda yumusaruro.
Icya gatatu, shimangira ibigo byigenga no gukurikiza icyatsi kibisi
Dukurikije igitekerezo cy’iterambere ry’igihugu “Amazi meza y’amazi Qingshan ni Jinshan Yinshan”, hashyizwe mu bikorwa “Imikoreshereze y’ingufu zitari karuboni ku bicuruzwa bikomoka kuri karubone” yashyizwe mu bikorwa, kandi amahame y’itsinda rya “Carbone Industry Air Pollutant Emission Standard” nayo ari muri Nzeri 2019. Gushyira mu bikorwa byatangiye ku ya 1. Carbone icyatsi kirambye nicyerekezo cyibihe. Ibigo bigomba gushimangira imicungire yo kubungabunga no kugabanya imikoreshereze y’ingufu, gushimangira ishoramari mu bikoresho byo kurengera ibidukikije, no kugera ku kongera umusaruro mu gihe ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bishobora guteza imbere imishinga kugabanya ibiciro no kongera imikorere.
Hamwe niterambere ryinganda nini ningero zunganira, imbere y "ubuziranenge, ikiguzi, kurengera ibidukikije" nizindi mbogamizi, nigute imishinga mito n'iciriritse ishobora kugera kubushyuhe bwamatsinda kandi igateza imbere guhuza no kugura? Urubuga rwa serivise yamakuru yinganda yubushinwa Abacuruzi Carbon Research Institute irashobora guhuza neza kandi mubwenge ubucuruzi bujyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n’inganda, gushyira mu bikorwa igabanuka ry’ibiciro no kongera umusaruro w’ibigo, kandi bigateza imbere iterambere ryihuse ry’ubuziranenge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-20-2019