Silicon nitride - ceramics yubatswe hamwe nibikorwa byiza muri rusange

Ubukorikori budasanzwe bivuga icyiciro cy’ububumbyi bufite imiterere yihariye yubukanishi, umubiri cyangwa imiti, ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa hamwe nubuhanga bukenewe bwo gukora butandukanye cyane cyane nubutaka busanzwe niterambere. Ukurikije ibiranga n'imikoreshereze, ububumbyi bwihariye bushobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ububumbyi bwubatswe nubutaka bukora. Muri byo, ububumbyi bwubatswe bwerekeza ku bukerarugendo bushobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byububiko, muri rusange bifite imbaraga nyinshi, ubukana bwinshi, modulus yo hejuru ya elastike, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kurwanya imyanda, kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya okiside, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwumuriro nibindi biranga.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwububiko bwububiko, ibyiza nibibi, kandi icyerekezo cyo gushyira mubikorwa ibyiza nibibi biratandukanye, muribyo "silicon nitride ceramics" kubera uburinganire bwimikorere mubice byose, bizwi nkibikorwa byiza byuzuye muri umuryango wububiko bwububiko, kandi ufite intera nini cyane yo gusaba.

Ibyiza bya silicon nitride ceramics

Nitride ya Silicon (Si3N4) irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bifatanye, hamwe na [SiN4] 4-tetrahedron nkigice cyubaka. Imyanya yihariye ya atome ya azote na silikoni irashobora kugaragara uhereye ku gishushanyo kiri hepfo, silikoni iri hagati ya tetrahedron, kandi imyanya ya vertike enye za tetrahedron ikorwa na atome ya azote, hanyuma buri tetrahedron igasangira atom imwe, buri gihe kwaguka mumwanya-itatu. Hanyuma, imiterere y'urusobe irashingwa. Byinshi mubiranga nitride ya silicon bifitanye isano niyi miterere ya tetrahedral.

Hariho ibintu bitatu bya kristaline ya nitride ya silicon, aribyo α, β na γ ibyiciro, muribyo α na β ibyiciro nuburyo bukunze kugaragara bwa nitride ya silicon. Kuberako atome ya azote ihujwe cyane, nitride ya silicon ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo hejuru, ubukana bwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kandi ubukana bushobora kugera kuri HRA91 ~ 93; Ubushyuhe bwiza, burashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 1300 ~ 1400 ℃; Imiti mito ya reaction hamwe na karubone nicyuma biganisha kuri coefficient nkeya; Irisiga amavuta bityo irwanya kwambara; Kurwanya ruswa birakomeye, usibye aside hydrofluoric, ntabwo ikora hamwe na acide ya organic organique, ubushyuhe bwinshi nabwo burwanya okiside; Ifite kandi imbaraga zo guhangana nubushyuhe bwiza, gukonjesha gukabije mu kirere hanyuma ubushyuhe bukabije ntibuzasenyuka; Ibikurura bya silicon nitride ceramics bigabanuka kubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kandi ihinduka rya plastike gahoro ni rito bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nuburemere butajegajega.

Byongeye kandi, silicon nitride ceramics nayo ifite imbaraga zidasanzwe, uburyo bwihariye, uburyo bwo hejuru bwumuriro mwinshi, ibikoresho byiza byamashanyarazi nibindi byiza, bityo ikaba ifite agaciro gakoreshwa mubidukikije bikabije nkubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, itangazamakuru ryangirika, kandi ifatwa nkimwe mubikoresho byubaka byububiko byububiko byiterambere kandi bigashyirwa mubikorwa, kandi akenshi biba amahitamo yambere mubisabwa byinshi bigomba kugeragezwa.