Guhinduranya proton (PEM) amashanyarazi ya hydrogène yikoranabuhanga ikora niterambere ryisesengura ryubukungu

Mu 1966, Isosiyete ikora amashanyarazi rusange yateje imbere ingirabuzimafatizo y’amazi ishingiye ku gitekerezo cyo gutwara proton, ikoresheje polymer membrane nka electrolyte. Ingirabuzimafatizo za PEM zagurishijwe n’amashanyarazi rusange mu 1978. Kugeza ubu, isosiyete ikora selile nkeya za PEM, cyane cyane kubera umusaruro muke wa hydrogène, ubuzima bucye ndetse n’igiciro kinini cy’ishoramari. PEM selile ifite imiterere ya bipolar, kandi guhuza amashanyarazi hagati ya selile bikorwa binyuze mumasahani ya bipolar, bigira uruhare runini mugusohora imyuka yabyaye. Itsinda rya anode, cathode, na membrane bigize inteko ya electrode ikora (MEA). Ubusanzwe electrode igizwe nibyuma byagaciro nka platine cyangwa iridium. Kuri anode, amazi ya okiside kugirango atange ogisijeni, electron na proton. Kuri cathode, ogisijeni, electron na proton byakozwe na anode bizenguruka muri membrane kugera kuri cathode, aho bigabanywa kubyara gaze ya hydrogen. Ihame rya PEM electrolyzer ryerekanwe mubishusho.

PEM ya electrolytike selile isanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora hydrogène ntoya, hamwe na hydrogène ntarengwa ya 30Nm3 / h hamwe nogukoresha ingufu za 174kW. Ugereranije na selile ya alkaline, igipimo nyacyo cya hydrogène yumusemburo wa PEM hafi ya yose igarukira. Akagari ka PEM gashobora gukora kuri Ubucucike buri hejuru kurenza selile ya alkaline, ndetse kugeza kuri 1.6A / cm2, kandi imikorere ya electrolytike ni 48% -65%. Kubera ko firime ya polymer idashobora guhangana nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ubushyuhe bwa selile electrolytique akenshi buri munsi ya 80 ° C. Hoeller electrolyzer yateje imbere tekinoroji yubuso bwa selile ntoya ya PEM electrolyzers. Ingirabuzimafatizo zirashobora gukorwa ukurikije ibisabwa, kugabanya umubare wibyuma byagaciro no kongera umuvuduko wimikorere. Inyungu nyamukuru ya PEM electrolyzer nuko umusaruro wa hydrogène uhinduka hafi yingufu zitangwa, zikwiranye no guhindura hydrogene ikenewe. Utugingo ngengabuzima dusubiza 0-100% yumutwaro uhinduka mumasegonda. Ikoranabuhanga rya Hoeller ryemewe ririmo gukorerwa ibizamini byo kwemeza, kandi ikigo cy’ibizamini kizubakwa mu mpera za 2020.

Isuku ya hydrogène ikorwa na selile PEM irashobora kugera kuri 99,99%, ikaba isumba iy'ingirabuzimafatizo. Byongeye kandi, gaze ya gaze cyane ya polymer membrane igabanya ibyago byo gukora imvange yaka umuriro, bigatuma electrolyzer ikora mubucucike buke cyane. Amazi meza yatanzwe kuri electrolyzer agomba kuba munsi ya 1S / cm. Kuberako transport ya proton yambukiranya polymer membrane isubiza vuba kumihindagurikire yingufu, selile PEM irashobora gukora muburyo butandukanye bwo gutanga amashanyarazi. Nubwo selile ya PEM yagurishijwe, ifite ibibi bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane igiciro kinini cyishoramari hamwe nigiciro kinini cya membrane hamwe nicyuma cyagaciro gishingiye kuri electrode. Mubyongeyeho, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwa selile PEM ni bugufi kuruta ubw'ingirabuzimafatizo. Mugihe kizaza, ubushobozi bwa selile PEM yo kubyara hydrogène bugomba kunozwa cyane.