Nigute electrode ya karubone, electrode ya grafite na electrode yo kwikorera yonyine byakoreshwa neza muruganda rwamashyiga ya arc yarengewe?

Ubwoko, imikorere no gukoresha electrode

Ubwoko bwa electrode

Electrode ya karubone irashobora gushyirwa mubice bya electrode ya karubone, electrode ya grafite na electrode yo kwikenura ukurikije imikoreshereze yabyo nuburyo bwo gukora.

Electrode ya karubone ikozwe muri anthracite-ivu nkeya, kokiya ya metallurgiki, kokiya ya kokiya na kokiya ya peteroli. Igizwe nigipimo runaka nubunini buke. Iyo wongeyeho, binder asfalt hamwe nigitereko bivangwa, kandi imvange iringanizwa neza kubushyuhe bukwiye. Gushiraho, hanyuma amaherezo kubara buhoro buhoro. Irashobora kugabanywa muri electrode isanzwe ya grafite, electrode ya artite artificiel, electrode ya karubone na electrode idasanzwe.

Electrode ya grafite (graphiteelectrode) ikozwe muri peteroli ya peteroli na kokiya ya pisine nkibikoresho fatizo, hanyuma igashyirwa mu itanura rirwanya amashanyarazi rifite ubushyuhe bwa 2273 ~ 2773K, hanyuma rigakorwa muri electrode ya grafite na grafite. Igishushanyo cya electrode yongeye kugabanywa muburyo bukurikira.

Amashanyarazi asanzwe ya electrode yemerera gukoresha electrode ya grafite ifite ubucucike buri munsi ya 17 A / cm2, kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mumatara asanzwe yumuriro wamashanyarazi nko gukora ibyuma, gutunganya silikoni, na fosifore yumuhondo.

Ubuso bwa anti-okiside yometse kuri grafite electrode yashizwemo urwego rukingira (grafite electrode antioxidant) ikora kandi ikarwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bigabanya ikoreshwa rya electrode mugihe cyo gukora ibyuma (19% ~ 50%) kandi bikongerera igihe cya serivisi ya electrode (22% ~ 60%), igabanya ingufu za electrode.

Electrode ifite ingufu nyinshi cyane yemerera gukoresha electrode ya grafite ifite ubucucike buri hagati ya 18 na 25 A / cm2, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu ziko rikoresha amashanyarazi menshi arc mu gukora ibyuma.

Ultra power power grafite electrode yemerera gukoresha electrode ya grafite hamwe nubucucike burenze 25 A / cm2. Ahanini ikoreshwa muri ultra-high power power gukora amashanyarazi arc itanura.

Kwikorera wenyine electrode (selfbakingelectrode) ukoresheje anthracite, kokiya, na bitumen hamwe nigitereko nkibikoresho fatizo, ugakora paste ya electrode mubushyuhe runaka, hanyuma ugashyira paste ya electrode mumashanyarazi ya elegitoronike yashizwe kumuriro w'amashanyarazi (nkuko bigaragara) muri FIG. coke. Bene electrode irashobora gukoreshwa ubudahwema, kandi irashobora gushirwaho muguhuza impande ndende kandi irashobora kurasa mumurambararo munini. Electrode yo kwikorera yonyine ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bya ferroalloy kubera inzira yoroshye nigiciro gito.

Igishushanyo 1 Igishushanyo mbonera cya electrode shell

Igikonoshwa cya electrode; Igice cy'imbavu; Ururimi rwa mpandeshatu

Ibikorwa byingenzi bya tekiniki ya electrode

Ibikoresho bya electrode bigomba kugira ibintu bikurikira:

Imiyoboro myiza ni nziza, irwanya ni rito, kugirango igabanye gutakaza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, kugabanya umuvuduko wa voltage y'urushundura rugufi, no kongera ingufu zingirakamaro kugirango wongere ingufu za pisine yashongeshejwe;

Ingingo yo gushonga ni ndende;

Coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe ni nto, iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse vuba, ntabwo byoroshye guhindurwa, kandi imihangayiko yimbere iterwa nihindagurika ryubushyuhe ntishobora kubyara ibice byiza kugirango yongere imbaraga;

Kugira imbaraga zihagije zubushyuhe bwinshi;

Umwanda ni muke kandi umwanda ntuhumanya gushonga.

Ibikoresho byingenzi bya tekinike ya electrode ya karubone, electrode ya grafite na electrode yo kwikorera ubwayo irerekanwa mu mbonerahamwe ya 1 n’ishusho ya 2 na 3.

Imbonerahamwe 1 Imikorere ya tekiniki ya electrode

Igishushanyo cya 2 Guhindura imbaraga zo kurwanya karubone electrode na grafite electrode hamwe nubushyuhe

Igishushanyo cya 3 Ubushyuhe bwa Carbone na grafite electrode nkigikorwa cyubushyuhe

Guhitamo electrode munganda za ferroalloy

Electrode yo kwikorera yonyine ikoreshwa cyane mugushongesha ibyuma, gutunganya ferrosilicon, silicon chromium alloy, manganese silicon alloy, karubone ferromanganese, karubone ferrochrome, ferromanganese yo hagati na ntoya, ferrochrome ya karuboni ntoya, tungsten fer Tegereza . Electrode yo kwikorera yonyine ikunda kongera umusaruro wa alloys, umukandara wicyuma muri karubone, kandi ikabyara ibyuma bivangwa nicyuma hamwe nibyuma byiza birimo karubone nkeya. Niba ferrochrome ya karubone, silikoni yinganda nicyuma cya manganese, karubone cyangwa electrode ya grafite igomba gukoreshwa.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分为碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙电极三种。

(Carbonelectrode) 是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦为原料，按一定的比例和粒度组成. 混合时加入黏结剂沥青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀后压制成形，最后在焙烧炉中缓慢焙烧制得。可分为天然石墨电极、人造石墨电极、碳电极以及特种碳素电极四类。

石墨电极 (graphiteelectrode) 以石油焦和沥青焦为原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度为 2273〜2773K 的石墨化电阻炉中，经石墨化而制成石墨电极 „石墨电极又分为以下几种。

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于 17A / cm2 的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢、炼硅、炼黄磷等的普通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层 (石墨电极抗氧化剂) ，降低炼钢时的电极消耗 (19% 〜50%), 延长电极的使用寿命 (22% 〜 60%), 降低电极的电能消耗。

高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度为 18〜25A / cm2 的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢的高功率电弧炉。

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于 25A / cm2 的石墨电极。主要用于超高功率炼钢电弧炉。

Self (selfbakingelectrode) 用无烟煤、焦炭以及沥青和焦油为原料，在一定温度下制成电极糊，然后把电极糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中 (如图 1 所示) ，在电炉生产过程中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦化。这种电极可连续使用，边使用边接长边给结成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低，因此被广泛用于铁合金生产。