Inganda zishushanyije zinjira mu cyiciro cyo “kugabanya ibiciro no kongera ubuziranenge”

Inganda zitari nziza za electrode zishimira impinduka nshya ku isoko.

Bungukiye ku izamuka ry’isoko ry’amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu Bushinwa, ibicuruzwa byo mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ndetse n’ibicuruzwa byiyongereye mu 2018, bituma iterambere ry’amasosiyete akoresha ibikoresho bya anode.

Nyamara, kubera inkunga, guhatanira isoko, kuzamuka kwibiciro fatizo no kugabanuka kwibiciro byibicuruzwa, kwibanda ku isoko ryibikoresho bya anode byarushijeho kwiyongera, kandi polarisiyasi yinganda igeze mu ntera nshya.

Kugeza ubu, uko inganda zinjiye mu cyiciro cyo "kugabanya ibiciro no kongera ubuziranenge", ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byo mu bwoko bwa grafite n’ibicuruzwa bya grafite bishobora kwihutisha gusimbuza ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hasi, bigatuma irushanwa ry’isoko ry’ibikoresho bya anode bizamuka.

Urebye kuri horizontal, ibikoresho bibi bya electrode bigezweho cyangwa ibigo byashyizwe ku rutonde cyangwa IPO yigenga birashaka inkunga yo kubona inkunga shoramari, ifasha ibigo kwagura ubushobozi bwumusaruro no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya. Iterambere ryibigo bito n'ibiciriritse bya anode bidafite inyungu zo guhatanira ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa n’ikoranabuhanga kimwe n’abakiriya bizagenda bigorana.

Duhereye ku buryo buhagaritse, mu rwego rwo kuzamura ireme no kugabanya ibiciro, ibikoresho bibi bya electrode ibikoresho byongereye ubushobozi bw’umusaruro kandi bigera no mu nganda zitunganya ibishushanyo mbonera, bigabanya ibiciro binyuze mu kwagura ubushobozi no kongera ibikorwa by’inganda, no kurushaho kuzamura ubushobozi bwabo.

Nta gushidikanya, guhuriza hamwe no kugura no guhuza umutungo hagati yinganda no kwagura inganda ziyubakiye gutunganya ibicuruzwa bizashidikanywaho nta gushidikanya ko bizagabanya abitabiriye isoko, kwihutisha kurandura abanyantege nke, kandi buhoro buhoro bisenya uburyo “butatu bukomeye kandi buto” bwo guhatana bwakozwe n’ibikoresho bibi. Urutonde rwo guhatanira isoko rya anode ya plastike.

Kurushanwa kumiterere yo gushushanya

Kugeza ubu, amarushanwa mu nganda zo mu gihugu anode aracyafite ubukana. Hariho amarushanwa hagati yicyiciro cya mbere cya echelon yo gufata umwanya wambere. Hariho kandi urwego rwa kabiri murwego rwo kwagura imbaraga zabo. Urirukankana kugirango ugabanye amarushanwa hamwe ninganda zambere. Bimwe mubishobora guhangayikishwa nabanywanyi bashya.

Bitewe nuko isoko ikenera bateri yumuriro, igipimo cyisoko rya grafite artificiel ikomeje kwiyongera kugirango itange icyifuzo cyo kwagura ubushobozi bwinganda za anode.

Kuva mu mwaka wa 2018, imishinga minini y’ishoramari mu gihugu ku bikoresho bya anode yagiye ikurikizwa, kandi igipimo cy’ubushobozi bw’umusaruro ku giti cye kigeze kuri toni 50.000 cyangwa toni 100.000 ku mwaka, ahanini gishingiye ku mishinga ya grafite.

Muri byo, amasosiyete yo mu cyiciro cya mbere cya echelon arusheho gushimangira umwanya w’isoko no kugabanya ibiciro mu kongera ubushobozi bw’umusaruro. Isosiyete yo mu cyiciro cya kabiri ya echelon igenda yegereza umurongo wa mbere wa echelon binyuze mu kwagura ubushobozi, ariko ikabura inkunga ihagije ihagije no kubura ubushobozi bwo guhangana mubicuruzwa n'ikoranabuhanga rishya.

Isosiyete ya echelon yo mu cyiciro cya mbere n'icya kabiri, harimo Beitray, Ikoranabuhanga rya Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing, Kaijin Energy, Xiangfenghua, Shenzhen Snow, na Jiangxi Zhengtuo, kimwe n'abinjira bashya, bongereye ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro aho binjirira kugira ngo barusheho guhangana. Ubushobozi bwo kongera ubushobozi bwibanze cyane muri Mongoliya Imbere cyangwa Amajyaruguru y'Uburengerazuba.

Igishushanyo kibarirwa hafi 50% yikiguzi cyibikoresho bya anode, mubisanzwe muburyo bwo gukorana amasezerano. Kugirango turusheho kugabanya ibiciro byinganda no kuzamura umusaruro wibicuruzwa, anode ibikoresho byamasosiyete yubatse uburyo bwo gutunganya ibishushanyo mbonera nkibikorwa byogutezimbere guhangana.

Muri Mongoliya Imbere, hamwe nubutunzi bwinshi hamwe nigiciro gito cyamashanyarazi kingana na 0.36 yuan / KWh (byibuze kugeza 0.26 Yuan / KWh), byahindutse urubuga rwo guhitamo uruganda rukora ibishushanyo mbonera bya electrode mbi. Harimo Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing, Shenzhen Snow, Dongguan Kaijin, Xinxin Ibikoresho bishya, ingufu nshya za Guangrui, nibindi, byose bifite ubushobozi bwo gushushanya muri Mongoliya y'imbere.

Ubushobozi bushya bwo kubyaza umusaruro buzashyirwa ahagaragara guhera mu 2018.Biteganijwe ko ubushobozi bwo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera muri Mongoliya y'imbere bizashyirwa ahagaragara muri 2019, kandi amafaranga yo gutunganya ibishushanyo azasubira inyuma.

Ku ya 3 Kanama, ibikoresho bya litiro nini ya lithium nini ku isi - Shanshan Technology itanga umusaruro wa buri mwaka toni 100.000 y’ibikoresho bya anode umushinga wa Baotou wahurijwe hamwe watangijwe ku mugaragaro mu Karere ka Qingshan, Umujyi wa Baotou.

Byumvikane ko Tekinoroji ya Shanshan ifite ishoramari rya miliyari 3.8 yu mwaka muri toni 100.000 ya anode ibikoresho byahujwe nibikoresho bya anode. Umushinga umaze kurangira ugashyirwa mubikorwa, irashobora gutanga toni 60.000 z'ibikoresho bya anite ya grafite na toni 40.000 z'ibikoresho bya grafitike ya anode. Ubushobozi bwo gukora buri mwaka bwa toni 50.000 zo gutunganya ibishushanyo.

Dukurikije imibare y’ubushakashatsi yaturutse mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi bwateye imbere n’iterambere ry’ubushakashatsi bw’amashanyarazi ya Lithium (GGII), ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe na litiro ya litiro ya anode mu Bushinwa byageze kuri toni 192.000 muri 2018, umwaka ushize byiyongera 31.2%. Muri byo, ibikoresho bya Shanshan Technology byohereje ibikoresho bya anode byoherejwe ku mwanya wa kabiri mu nganda, naho ibicuruzwa bya grafite byoherejwe byashyizwe ku mwanya wa mbere.

Ati: “Toni 100.000 z'umusaruro muri uyu mwaka. Umwaka utaha n'umwaka ukurikira, tuzagura ubushobozi bw’umusaruro vuba, kandi tuzahita dusobanukirwa imbaraga z’ibiciro by’inganda hamwe n’ibipimo ndetse n’imikorere. ” Umuyobozi w'inama y'ubutegetsi ya Shanshan Holdings, Zheng Yonggang.

Ikigaragara ni uko ingamba za Shanshan ari ukugabanya ibiciro by’umusaruro binyuze mu kwagura ubushobozi, bityo bikiganje ku bicuruzwa, kandi bikagira ingaruka zikomeye ku isoko ku yandi masosiyete y’ibikoresho bya electrode mbi, bityo bikazamura kandi bigashimangira umugabane w’isoko. Kugirango bidahinduka rwose, andi masosiyete mabi ya electrode asanzwe agomba kwinjira mumatsinda yo kwagura ubushobozi, ariko inyinshi murizo zifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukora.

Birakwiye ko tumenya ko nubwo amasosiyete yibikoresho bya anode yongerera ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro, nkuko ibisabwa mubikorwa byibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi bikomeza kwiyongera, ibisabwa biri hejuru bishyirwa mubikorwa byibicuruzwa bya anode. Ibicuruzwa bihanitse byo mu rwego rwo hejuru hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bya grafite byihutisha gusimbuza ibikoresho bya anode yo mu rwego rwo hasi, bivuze ko umubare munini w’ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse bya anode bidashobora kuzuzwa no gukenera bateri zo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Kwibanda ku isoko birarushijeho kwiyongera

Kimwe nisoko rya batiri yingufu, kwibanda kumasoko yibikoresho bya anode biragenda byiyongera, hamwe nibigo bike bikuru bifite umugabane munini wisoko.

Imibare ya GGII yerekana ko muri 2018, Ubushinwa bwa litiro ya lithium ya anode ibikoresho byose byoherejwe byageze kuri toni 192.000, byiyongera 31.2%.

Muri bo, Ubuhemu, Ikoranabuhanga rya Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing, Dongguan Kaijin, Xiangfenghua, Zhongke Xingcheng, Jiangxi Zhengtuo, Shenzhen Snow, Shenzhen Jinrun, Changsha Geji n'ibindi bigo bibi mbere yo koherezwa icumi.

Muri 2018, kohereza ibikoresho bya TOP4 anode byarenze toni 25.000, naho isoko rya TOP4 ryageze kuri 71%, byiyongereyeho amanota 4 ku ijana kuva 2017, no kohereza ibigo n’amasosiyete akomeye nyuma yumwanya wa gatanu. Ikinyuranyo cyijwi kiraguka. Impamvu nyamukuru nuko uburyo bwo guhatanira isoko rya batiri yingufu zahindutse cyane, bikavamo impinduka muburyo bwo guhatanira ibikoresho bya anode.

Imibare ya GGII yerekana ko ubushobozi bwashyizwemo ingufu za batiri y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa mu gice cya mbere cya 2019 bwari hafi 30.01GWh, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 93%. Muri byo, ingufu zose zashyizweho n’amasosiyete icumi ya mbere y’amashanyarazi ya batiri yose hamwe agera kuri 26.38GWh, bingana na 88% muri rusange.

Mu masosiyete icumi ya mbere y’amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu bijyanye n’ingufu zose zashyizweho, gusa ibihe bya Ningde, BYD, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, na Lishen bateri biri mu icumi bya mbere, kandi urutonde rw’andi masosiyete ya batiri ruhinduka buri kwezi.

Ingaruka zimpinduka kumasoko ya batiri yingufu, amarushanwa yisoko kubikoresho bya anode nayo yarahindutse. Muri byo, Ikoranabuhanga rya Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing na Dongguan Kaijin rigizwe ahanini n’ibicuruzwa bya grafite. Bayobowe nitsinda ryabakiriya bafite ubuziranenge nka Ningde Times, BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy na Batiri ya Lishen. Ibyoherezwa byiyongereye cyane kandi umugabane w isoko uriyongera.

Bimwe mubikoresho bibi bya electrode yibigo byagabanutse cyane mubushobozi bwashyizweho bwibicuruzwa bibi bya sosiyete muri 2018.

Urebye amarushanwa ariho ubu ku isoko rya batiri yingufu, isoko ryamasosiyete icumi ya mbere ya batiri ari hejuru ya 90%, bivuze ko amahirwe yisoko yandi masosiyete ya batiri agenda arushaho kwiyongera, hanyuma akoherezwa hejuru. ibikoresho bya anode, gukora itsinda ryibigo bito n'ibiciriritse bya anode bihura nigitutu kinini cyo Kurokoka.

GGII yizera ko mu myaka itatu iri imbere, amarushanwa ku isoko rya anode azarushaho gukaza umurego, kandi ubushobozi buke bwo gusubiramo buzakurwaho. Ibigo bifite tekinoroji yibanze hamwe ninzira nziza zabakiriya bizashobora kugera ku iterambere rikomeye.

Kwibanda ku isoko bizarushaho kunozwa. Kubucuruzi bwa kabiri nuwa gatatu kumurongo wa anode ibikoresho, igitutu cyibikorwa kiziyongera nta gushidikanya, kandi gikeneye gutegura inzira igana imbere.