Igishushanyo mbonera cya electrode

Ibikoresho bibisi nibikorwa byo gukora grafite electrode

Graphite electrode nigikoresho cyinshi cyihanganira ubushyuhe bwa grafite ikorwa na peteroli ya peteroli, kokiya ya inshinge nka agregate hamwe na bitumen yamakara nka binder, ikorwa binyuze mubikorwa bitandukanye nko gukata, kubumba, guteka, gutera akabariro, gushushanya no gutunganya imashini. ibikoresho.

Imashini ya electrode ya grafite nikintu cyingenzi cyubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo gukora ibyuma byamashanyarazi. Imashini ya electrode ya grafite ikoreshwa mu kwinjiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi, n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butangwa na arc hagati ya electrode ya elegitoronike n'umuriro bikoreshwa nk'isoko ry'ubushyuhe bwo gushonga amafaranga yo gukora ibyuma. Andi matanura yamabuye ahumura ibikoresho nka fosifore yumuhondo, silikoni yinganda, hamwe na abrasives nayo ikoresha electrode ya grafite nkibikoresho bitwara. Ibintu byiza kandi bidasanzwe byumubiri nubumashini bya grafite electrode nayo ikoreshwa cyane mubindi bice byinganda.

Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora electrode ya grafite ni kokiya ya peteroli, kokiya y'urushinge hamwe n'ikara ry'amakara.

Kokiya ya peteroli nigicuruzwa cyaka cyane cyabonetse mugusiga amakara hamwe nibikomoka kuri peteroli. Ibara ni umukara kandi ryoroshye, ikintu nyamukuru ni karubone, kandi ivu riri hasi cyane, muri rusange munsi ya 0.5%. Kokiya ya peteroli iri mubyiciro bya karubone byoroshye. Kokiya ya peteroli ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mu nganda zikora imiti n’ibyuma. Nibikoresho nyamukuru byo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera bya grafite nibicuruzwa bya karubone kuri aluminium electrolytike.

Kokiya ya peteroli irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: kokiya mbisi hamwe na kokiya ibarwa ukurikije ubushyuhe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Kokiya ya peteroli yahoze yabonetse mugutinda kokisi irimo ibintu byinshi bihindagurika, kandi imbaraga za mashini ni nke. Kokiya ibarwa iboneka mukubara kokisi mbisi. Inganda nyinshi zo mu Bushinwa zitanga kokiya gusa, kandi ibikorwa byo kubara ahanini bikorwa mu bimera bya karubone.

Kokiya ya peteroli irashobora kugabanywamo kokiya nyinshi ya sulfure (irimo sulfure irenga 1.5%), kokiya yo hagati ya sulfure (irimo 0.5% -1.5% sulfure), hamwe na kokiya nkeya (irimo munsi ya 0.5% sulfure). Umusaruro wa elegitoroniki ya electrode nibindi bicuruzwa bya grafite mubusanzwe bikoreshwa hifashishijwe kokiya nkeya.

Coke y'urushinge ni ubwoko bwa kokiya yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ifite ubwiza bwa fibrous igaragara, coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe buke cyane kandi byoroshye gushushanya. Iyo kokiya ivunitse, irashobora kugabanywamo imirongo yoroheje ukurikije imiterere (igipimo cya aspect kiri hejuru ya 1.75). Imiterere ya fibrous anisotropique irashobora kugaragara munsi ya microscope ikabije, bityo ikitwa kokiya y'urushinge.

Anisotropy yimiterere ya fiziki-mashini ya inshinge ya kokiya iragaragara cyane. Ifite amashanyarazi meza nubushuhe buringaniye buringaniye burebure bwa axis ya buke, kandi coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe ni mike. Iyo ibishushanyo mbonera, umurongo muremure wibice byinshi bitunganijwe muburyo bwo gusohora. Kubwibyo, urushinge rwa kokiya nurufunguzo rwibanze rwo gukora amashanyarazi akomeye cyangwa ultra-high-power-grafite electrode. Grade ya electrode yakozwe ifite imbaraga nke zo guhangana, coefficente ntoya yo kwagura ubushyuhe hamwe no guhangana nubushyuhe bwiza.

Kokiya y'urushinge igabanyijemo amavuta ya kokiya ashingiye ku mavuta akomoka ku bisigazwa bya peteroli hamwe na kokiya y'urushinge ikomoka ku makara ikomoka mu bikoresho bitunganijwe neza.

Amakara yamakara nimwe mubicuruzwa byingenzi byamakara yatunganijwe cyane. Ni uruvange rwa hydrocarbone zitandukanye, umukara ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, igice-gikomeye cyangwa gikomeye ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, nta mwanya uhamye wo gushonga, woroshye nyuma yo gushyuha, hanyuma ugashonga, hamwe n'ubucucike bwa 1.25-1.35 g / cm3. Ukurikije aho yoroshya, igabanijwemo ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bwo hagati hamwe na asfalt yo hejuru. Ubushyuhe buringaniye bwa asfalt ni 54-56% yumuriro wamakara. Ibigize amakara yamakara biragoye cyane, bifitanye isano numutungo wamakara hamwe nibiri muri heteroatom, kandi binagira ingaruka kuri sisitemu yo gutunganya kokiya hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganya amakara. Hariho ibipimo byinshi byo kuranga ikibanza cyamakara, nko koroshya bitumen, insimburangingo ya toluene (TI), kwinoline idashonga (QI), indangagaciro za kokiya, hamwe na rheologiya y’amakara.

Amakara yamakara akoreshwa nkuguhuza no gutwita mu nganda za karubone, kandi imikorere yayo igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byumusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya karubone. Binder asfalt muri rusange ikoresha ubushyuhe buringaniye cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo hagati bwahinduwe asfalt ifite aho yoroshye yoroheje, agaciro kokisi yo hejuru, hamwe na resin ndende. Gutera inda ni ubushyuhe buciriritse bwa asfalt ifite aho yoroshya, QI yo hasi, hamwe nibyiza bya rheologiya.