Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi watangaje icyerekezo cya hydrogène kibisi？

Mu rwego rw’inzibacyuho idafite aho ibogamiye, ibihugu byose byizeye cyane ingufu za hydrogène, bizera ko ingufu za hydrogène zizazana impinduka nini mu nganda, ubwikorezi, ubwubatsi n’izindi nzego, zifasha guhindura imiterere y’ingufu, no guteza imbere ishoramari n’akazi.

By’umwihariko, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urimo gushimangira iterambere ry’ingufu za hydrogène hagamijwe gukuraho ingufu z’Uburusiya no kwangiza inganda zikomeye.

Muri Nyakanga 2020, Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyizeho ingamba za hydrogène kandi utangaza ko hashyizweho ihuriro ry’ingufu za hydrogène zisukuye. Kugeza ubu, ibihugu 15 by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byashyize hydrogene muri gahunda zayo zo kugarura ubukungu.

Nyuma y’amakimbirane hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine, ingufu za hydrogène zabaye igice cy’ingamba z’ingufu z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.

Muri Gicurasi 2022, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi watangaje gahunda ya REPowerEU yo kugerageza gukuraho ibicuruzwa bituruka mu Burusiya bitumizwa mu mahanga, kandi ingufu za hydrogène zahawe agaciro gakomeye. Uyu mugambi ugamije kubyaza toni miliyoni 10 za hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi no gutumiza toni miliyoni 10 za hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa mu 2030. Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyizeho kandi “Banki y’ibihugu by’Uburayi” kugira ngo ishoramari ryiyongere ku isoko ry’ingufu za hydrogène.

Nyamara, amasoko atandukanye yingufu za hydrogen agena uruhare rwingufu za hydrogène muri decarbonisation. Niba ingufu za hydrogène zikiri mu bicanwa biva mu bicanwa (nk'amakara, gaze gasanzwe, n'ibindi), ibi byitwa "hydrogène gray", haracyari imyuka nini ya karuboni.

Hariho ibyiringiro byinshi mugukora hydrogen, izwi kandi nka hydrogène yicyatsi, biva mumasoko ashobora kuvugururwa.

Mu rwego rwo gushishikariza ishoramari ry’ibigo muri hydrogène y’icyatsi, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi washatse kunoza imikorere y’amategeko no gushyiraho ibipimo bya tekiniki bya hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa.

Ku ya 20 Gicurasi 2022, Komisiyo y’Uburayi yasohoye umushinga wa manda kuri hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa, yateje impaka nyinshi bitewe n’amagambo y’amahame y’ubutagondwa, akamaro k’igihe gito n’imiterere y’akarere ka hydrogène y’icyatsi.

Habayeho ivugururwa ryumushinga wemewe. Ku ya 13 Gashyantare, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU) watoye ibikorwa bibiri bisabwa bisabwa n’amabwiriza y’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa (RED II) anasaba amategeko arambuye yo gusobanura icyo hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa mu Burayi. Umushinga w’uruhushya rugaragaza ubwoko butatu bwa hydrogène ishobora kubarwa nk’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, harimo hydrogène ikomoka ku guhuza mu buryo butaziguye n’amashanyarazi mashya ashobora kuvugururwa, hydrogène ikomoka mu mashanyarazi mu turere dufite ingufu zirenga 90 ku ijana, na hydrogène ikomoka ku mashanyarazi ya uduce dufite imyuka ihumanya ikirere nyuma yo gusinya amasezerano yo kugura ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu.

Ibi bivuze ko Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wemerera hydrogène zimwe na zimwe zakozwe muri sisitemu y’ingufu za kirimbuzi kubara ku ntego z’ingufu zishobora kubaho.

Imishinga y'amategeko yombi, igizwe n’urwego runini rw’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, izakora ku buryo “ibicanwa byose bituruka ku mazi na gaze biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga,” cyangwa RFNBO, biva mu mashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa.

Muri icyo gihe, bazatanga amabwiriza agenga abakora hydrogène n'abashoramari ko hydrogène yabo ishobora kugurishwa no gucuruzwa nka “hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa” muri EU.