Ibiri mubikorwa bibiri bishoboza bisabwa nubuyobozi bushya bwingufu (RED II) byemejwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (I)

Nk’uko byatangajwe na komisiyo y’Uburayi, itegeko rya mbere ryemerera abantu gusobanura ibikenewe kugira ngo hydrogène, ibicanwa bishingiye kuri hydrogène cyangwa ibindi bitwara ingufu bishyirwe mu bicanwa bishobora kuvugururwa bituruka ku binyabuzima (RFNBO). Uyu mushinga w'itegeko urasobanura ihame rya hydrogène “inyongera” ivugwa mu Mabwiriza y’ingufu z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, bivuze ko selile electrolytique itanga hydrogène igomba guhuzwa n’umusaruro mushya w’amashanyarazi ushobora kuvugururwa. Iri hame ryo kongerwaho ubu ryasobanuwe nk "imishinga y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu zitangira gukora bitarenze amezi 36 mbere y’ibikorwa bitanga hydrogène n’ibiyikomokaho". Ihame rigamije kwemeza ko kubyara hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa bitera kwiyongera kwingufu zingufu zishobora kuboneka kuri gride ugereranije nibisanzwe bihari. Muri ubu buryo, umusaruro wa hydrogène uzafasha decarbonisation kandi wuzuze ingufu zamashanyarazi, mugihe wirinze gushyira ingufu kumashanyarazi.

Komisiyo y’Uburayi iteganya ko amashanyarazi akenerwa n’umusaruro wa hydrogène uziyongera mu 2030 hamwe n’ukohereza ingirabuzimafatizo nini za electrolytike. Kugira ngo REPowerEU igere ku cyifuzo cyo gukora toni miliyoni 10 za lisansi ishobora kuvugururwa ituruka ku bidaturutse ku binyabuzima bitarenze ibinyabuzima mu 2030, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uzakenera amashanyarazi agera kuri 500 TWh y’amashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa, ibyo bikaba bihwanye na 14% by’ingufu z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi icyo gihe. Iyi ntego igaragarira mu cyifuzo cya komisiyo yo kuzamura intego y’ingufu zishobora kugera kuri 45% muri 2030.

Itegeko rya mbere ryemerera kandi kwerekana inzira zitandukanye aho ababikora bashobora kwerekana ko amashanyarazi ashobora gukoreshwa mu gukora hydrogène yubahiriza itegeko ryiyongera. Iratangiza kandi ibipimo ngenderwaho kugirango harebwe niba hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa ikorwa gusa mugihe n'aho hari ingufu zihagije zishobora kuvugururwa (bita igihe gito na geografiya). Kuzirikana ibyo ishoramari risanzweho no kwemerera urwego guhuza nuburyo bushya, amategeko azagenda ahinduka gahoro gahoro kandi agenewe gukomera mugihe runaka.

Umushinga w’itegeko ryemerera Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi umwaka ushize wasabye isano iri hagati y’itangwa ry’amashanyarazi n’ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi, bivuze ko abayikora bagomba kwerekana buri saha ko amashanyarazi akoreshwa mu tugari twabo yaturutse ahantu hashya.

Inteko ishinga amategeko y’Uburayi yanze guhuza amasaha atavugwaho rumwe muri Nzeri 2022 nyuma y’uko urugaga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Hydrogen n’inganda n’inganda za hydrogène ruyobowe n’inama ishinzwe ingufu za hydrogène y’amashanyarazi, ruvuga ko bidakorwa kandi ko bizamura ibiciro by’ibidukikije bya hydrogène.

Kuri iyi nshuro, umushinga w'itegeko ryemerera komisiyo kubangamira iyi myanya yombi: abakora hydrogène bazashobora guhuza umusaruro wa hydrogène n’ingufu zishobora kwiyandikisha buri kwezi kugeza ku ya 1 Mutarama 2030, hanyuma bakemera guhuza amasaha gusa. Byongeye kandi, itegeko rishyiraho icyiciro cyinzibacyuho, ryemerera imishinga ya hydrogène yicyatsi ikora mu mpera za 2027 gusonerwa ingingo ziyongera kugeza muri 2038.Iki gihe cyinzibacyuho gihuye nigihe selile yaguka ikinjira ku isoko. Ariko, guhera ku ya 1 Nyakanga 2027, ibihugu bigize uyu muryango bifite amahitamo yo gushyiraho amategeko akomeye ashingiye ku gihe.

Ku bijyanye n’imiterere y’imiterere, iryo tegeko rivuga ko inganda z’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu hamwe n’utugingo ngengabuzima twa electrolytique zitanga hydrogène zishyirwa mu gace kamwe ko gutanga amasoko, bikaba bisobanurwa nk’akarere kanini cyane (ubusanzwe umupaka w’igihugu) aho abitabiriye isoko bashobora guhana ingufu badatanze ubushobozi. . Komisiyo yavuze ko ibyo ari ukugira ngo hatabaho ubukana bwa gride hagati y’utugari dukora hydrogène ishobora kuvugururwa n’amashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa, kandi ko byari bikwiye ko ibice byombi biba mu gace kamwe. Amategeko amwe akurikizwa kuri hydrogène yicyatsi yatumijwe muri EU kandi igashyirwa mubikorwa binyuze muri gahunda yo gutanga ibyemezo.